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Sea changes: How NATO’s expansion could stabilise the Baltic region

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Sea changes: How NATO’s expansion could stabilise the Baltic region

Train Hedgehog might need been deliberate lengthy earlier than Russian troops invaded Ukraine, however the big struggle video games going down this month in Estonia are a prickly reminder of NATO readiness simply 64km from the closest Russian base. 

“Each prick counts, as all the time,” one Estonian reserve soldier who’s at present collaborating in Train Hedgehog, informed Euronews. 

Some 15,000 NATO army personnel from 14 nations are concerned within the train, one of many largest of its variety since Estonia gained independence for the second time, in 1991. 

Offshore, there is a sturdy naval presence as properly, with a US Navy Wasp-class amphibious assault vessel, a guided missile destroyer, and a touchdown ship. 

Importantly, the Finnish and Swedish navies are additionally collaborating — an image of what the modified safety paradigm may seem like within the Baltic Sea if and when each nations are admitted to NATO. The Finns are even throwing in some anti-ship missile reside firing coaching from the south coast, in case anybody did not get the message.  

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There is not any doubt that the governments of the three Baltic States see the intrinsic of getting Finland and Sweden as members of NATO. 

“Once we see that in our neighbourhood additionally different democratic nations belong to NATO, it might imply that we may have broader joint workout routines and likewise … extra defence cooperation,” Estonia’s Overseas Minister Eva-Maria Liimets informed reporters not too long ago. 

Liimets mentioned that Estonia appreciates NATO imposing its presence within the Baltic area, however would love the allies to maneuver from enhancing their presence to enhancing their defence. 

“It could imply that we’d have extra sturdy presence of land forces, but additionally air and maritime defence,” she added.

Turning into a NATO sea

The Baltic Sea will quickly grow to be a NATO sea, says Glen Grant, a defence knowledgeable on the Baltic Safety Basis in Riga. 

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“I see the Baltic Sea space as a typical operational area, however I see the Baltic States cooperation, Nordic defence cooperation, NATO reinforcement within the Baltic States, US agreements with Finland and Sweden, all as components of a jigsaw however lacking a single operational image and focus.”

Finland and Sweden turning into a part of NATO will put a number of extra items of the jigsaw puzzle in place however there additionally must be extra operational coherence within the area, and the important thing gamers should additionally take the Baltic extra critically, Grant provides. 

“NATO thinks about deterrence with additional troops and about reinforcement or regaining floor – after the occasion. While the EU has no seen regional coverage in any respect. Thoughts, I counsel that it has no correct army coverage for wherever. Who pulls the regional strings to reply coherently within the early levels of a disaster is in no way clear,” says Grant, a former British army officer and Defence Attaché on the British Embassies in Helsinki and Riga.

Trying on the complete Baltic area safety image

Martin Harm on the Worldwide Centre for Defence and Safety ICDS in Tallinn explains that Moscow has definitely seen Sweden and Finland as being a part of the West for the reason that mid-90s and that in any struggle, they have been prone to help NATO. 

He additionally sees NATO membership for the Nordic neighbours as serving to to finish the general safety image of the area — on land, at sea and within the air — enhancing safety within the spherical, an improve from the present state of affairs. 

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“Right this moment if we take a look at NATO’s operation planning, we can not depend on Sweden and Finland. In our planning, they don’t exist as a result of we can not depend on them, on utilizing their airspace, water and land. Now we have to plan with what we are able to belief, which is our personal allies,” he tells Euronews. 

“It could make a huge effect if particularly Sweden, but additionally Finland, would be a part of.” 

One of many key drive multipliers the 2 applicant nations convey to the desk is their naval capabilities. 

Though Finland is prohibited by treaty from having submarines, Sweden does preserve its personal submarine fleet. The Finns have intensive expertise in minesweeper actions, and each nations have in-shore patrol boats with experience working within the shallow archipelago waters, strewn with 1000’s of tiny islands and rocky outcrops. 

“Within the Baltic states, the navies are comparatively weak and specializing in minor countermeasures. It is not a major struggle preventing functionality after all. The Finnish and Swedish navies are stronger. They’ve extraordinarily good high quality, not good amount, however nonetheless way more than Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania mixed,” explains Hurst. 

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That target Baltic naval capabilities is vital as a result of the opposite regional naval powers Germany, Norway and Denmark are wanting in the direction of the North Atlantic, to maintain key traces of communication open fairly than being accessible for Baltic Sea defence. 

And whereas Poland does have a navy, the federal government has targeted extra on land and air capabilities.

“For Poland, the maritime area has not been precedence primary,” says Martin Hurst. 

Working with the Russians

So if the Baltic Sea turns into a de facto NATO sea, as Glen Grant says, does that squeeze the Russians with their fleets in St. Petersburg and the Kaliningrad exclave?

In army phrases, there may not be a lot — or any — cooperation, however there’s nonetheless common contact within the area with Russia in terms of maritime safety and security too.

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“In fact, we’ve to have the ability to contact our neighbours in case of emergency and thus far after all they’re keen to make the cooperation primarily based on maritime agreements,” says Commander Mikko Simola, Head of Maritime Security on the Finnish Border Guard. 

Previously, there have been common workout routines involving the Russians — the newest was in November 2021 — to follow coordinated rescue efforts in case a passenger ship will get in misery within the Baltic Sea; or to cooperate in containment and clean-up operations within the occasion of a spill from a cargo ship. 

“The connection in follow takes place between the Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in St. Petersburg, and Helsinki on our facet main the security operations within the Gulf of Finland,” Simola tells Euronews. 

So may Russia lower off the sort of important Baltic Sea contacts in the event that they really feel threatened by NATO’s elevated presence within the Baltic Sea? Commander Simola says he thinks that is unlikely, particularly since Russia is a celebration to worldwide agreements on maritime search and rescue, in addition to bilateral Finnish-Russian agreements.  

“I do not personally see a direct reference to becoming a member of NATO for that, ” says Simola.

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“The neighbouring areas must cooperate if there’s a want to save lots of lives.”

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Damage to underwater cables was 'sabotage', German minister says

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Damage to underwater cables was 'sabotage', German minister says

Two underwater fibre-optic communications cables running between Finland and Germany were discovered cut on Monday, an incident both countries said was under investigation.

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German Defence Minister Boris Pistorius has said that damage done to two underwater data transmission cables running between Germany and Finland was deliberate.

“No one believes that these cables were accidentally cut,” Pistorius said in remarks made on the sidelines of a meeting of EU defence ministers in Brussels.

“We also have to assume, without knowing it yet, that it is sabotage,” he declared, adding that neither Germany nor Finland yet knows who was responsible for damage.

Germany and Finland announced on Monday that they had discovered a severed fibre-optic undersea data cable between the two countries, and that an investigation into the incident is underway.

In a joint statement, they said they did not know who was responsible for the damage, but that the incident came at a time when “our European security is not only under threat from Russia‘s war of aggression against Ukraine, but also from hybrid warfare by malicious actors”.

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Pistorius also pointed to so-called “hybrid actors” as being potentially responsible for the damage.

“We have to state, without knowing specifically who it came from, that it is a ‘hybrid’ action” Pistorius said — implying that Russia, often considered responsible for acts of “hybrid warfare”, could be at least in part to blame for the incident.

Both Germany and Finland said that it was important that “critical infrastructure” such as data cables can be safeguarded.

“The fact that such an incident immediately raises suspicions of intentional damage speaks volumes about the volatility of our times,” the two countries said in their joint statement.

Finnish state-controlled data services provider Cinia said the damage to the data cable, which runs almost 1,2000 kilometres from the Finnish capital Helsinki to the German port of Rostock, was detected on Monday.

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The incident is not the first to involve damage to underwater infrastructure in the Baltic Sea. On Sunday morning, a 218-kilometre internet link running between Lithuania and Swedish island of Gotland also lost service, according to a Swedish telecommunications company.

In 2022, Nord Stream gas pipelines under the Baltic Sea exploded, leading to several conspiracy theories around who could be responsible for the attack. Unconfirmed rumours have variously said that the US, Ukraine and Russia could have all played a role.

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G20 summit calls for more aid to Gaza and an end to the war in Ukraine

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G20 summit calls for more aid to Gaza and an end to the war in Ukraine

RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — Leaders of the world’s 20 major economies called for a global pact to combat hunger, more aid for war-torn Gaza and an end to hostilities in the Mideast and Ukraine, issuing a joint declaration Monday that was heavy on generalities but short of details on how to accomplish those goals.

The joint statement was endorsed by group members but fell short of complete unanimity. It also called for a future global tax on billionaires and for reforms allowing the eventual expansion of the United Nation Security Council beyond its five current permanent members.

At the start of the three-day meeting which formally ends Wednesday, experts doubted Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva could convince the assembled leaders to hammer out any agreement at all in a gathering rife with uncertainty over the incoming administration of U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, and heightened global tensions over wars in the Mideast and Ukraine.

Argentina challenged some of the language in initial drafts and was the one country that did not endorse the complete document.

“Although generic, it is a positive surprise for Brazil,” said Thomas Traumann, an independent political consultant and former Brazilian minister. “There was a moment when there was a risk of no declaration at all. Despite the caveats, it is a good result for Lula.”

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Condemnation of wars, calls for peace, but without casting blame

Taking place just over a year after the Oct. 7 Hamas attack on Israel, the declaration referred to the “catastrophic humanitarian situation in the Gaza and the escalation in Lebanon,” stressing the urgent need to expand humanitarian assistance and better protect civilians.

“Affirming the Palestinian right to self-determination, we reiterate our unwavering commitment to the vision of the two-State solution where Israel and a Palestinian State live side by side in peace,” it said.

It did not mention Israel’s suffering or of the 100 or so hostages still held by Hamas. Israel isn’t a G20 member. The war has so far killed more than 43,000 Palestinians in Gaza, according to local health officials, and more than 3,500 people in Lebanon following Israel’s offensive against Hezbollah, according to Lebanon’s Health Ministry.

The omitted acknowledgment of Israel’s distress appeared to run contrary to U.S. President Joe Biden’s consistent backing of Israel’s right to defend itself. It’s something Biden always notes in public, even when speaking about the deprivation of Palestinians. During a meeting with G20 leaders before the declaration was hammered home, Biden expressed his view that Hamas is solely to blame for the war and called on fellow leaders to “increase the pressure on Hamas” to accept a cease-fire deal.

Biden’s decision to ease restrictions on Ukraine’s use of longer-range U.S. missiles to allow that country to strike more deeply inside Russia also played into the meetings,

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“The United States strongly supports Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. Everyone around this table in my view should, as well,” Biden said during the summit.

Russian President Vladimir Putin did not attend the meeting , and instead sent his foreign minister, Sergey Lavrov. Putin has avoided such summits after the International Criminal Court issued a warrant that obliges member states to arrest him.

The G20 declaration highlighted the human suffering in Ukraine while calling for peace, without naming Russia.

“The declaration avoids pointing the finger at the culprits,” said Paulo Velasco, an international relations professor at the State University of Rio de Janeiro. “That is, it doesn’t make any critical mention of Israel or Russia, but it highlights the dramatic humanitarian situations in both cases.”

The entire declaration lacks specificity, Velasco added.

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“It is very much in line with what Brazil hoped for … but if we really analyze it carefully, it is very much a declaration of intent. It is a declaration of good will on various issues, but we have very few concrete, tangible measures.”

Fraught push to tax global billionaires

The declaration did call for a possible tax on global billionaires, which Lula supports. Such a tax would affect about 3,000 people around the world, including about 100 in Latin América.

The clause was included despite opposition from Argentina. So was another promoting gender equality, said Brazilian and other officials who spoke on condition of anonymity because they weren’t authorized to speak publicly.

Argentina signed the G20 declaration, bit also had issues with references to the U.N.’s 2030 sustainable development agenda. Its right-wing president, Javier Milei, has referred to the agenda as “a supranational program of a socialist nature.” It also objected to calls for regulating hate speech on social media, which Milei says infringes on national sovereignty, and to the idea that governments should do more to fight hunger.

Milei has often adopted a Trump-like role as a spoiler in multilateral talks hosted by his outspoken critic, Lula.

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Concrete steps for fighting global hunger

Much of the declaration focuses on eradicating hunger — a priority for Lula.

Brazil’s government stressed that Lula’s launch of the global alliance against hunger and poverty on Monday was as important as the final G20 declaration. As of Monday, 82 nations had signed onto the plan, Brazil’s government said. It is also backed by organizations including the Rockefeller Foundation and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

A demonstration Sunday on Rio’s Copacabana beach featured 733 empty plates spread across the sand to represent the 733 million people who went hungry in 2023, according to United Nations data.

Viviana Santiago, a director at the anti-poverty nonprofit Oxfam, praised Brazil for using its G20 presidency “to respond to people’s demands worldwide to tackle extreme inequality, hunger and climate breakdown, and particularly for rallying action on taxing the super-rich.”

“Brazil has lit a path toward a more just and resilient world, challenging others to meet them at this critical juncture,” she said in a statement.

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Long-awaited reform of the United Nations

Leaders pledged to work for “transformative reform” of the U.N. Security Council so that it aligns “with the realities and demands of the 21st century, makes it more representative, inclusive, efficient, effective, democratic and accountable.”

Lula has been calling for reform of Security Council since his first two terms in power, from 2003 to 2010, without gaining much traction. Charged with maintaining international peace and security, its original 1945 structure has not changed. Five dominant powers at the end of World War II have veto power — the U.S., Russia, China, Britain and France — while 10 countries from different regions serve rotating two-year terms.

Virtually all countries agree that nearly eight decades after the United Nations was established, the Security Council should be expanded to reflect the 21st century world and include more voices. The central quandary and biggest disagreement remains how to do that. The G20 declaration doesn’t answer that question.

“We call for an enlarged Security Council composition that improves the representation of the underrepresented and unrepresented regions and groups, such as Africa, Asia-Pacific and Latin America and the Caribbean,” the declaration said.

The United States announced shortly before a U.N. summit in September that it supports two new permanent seats for African countries, without veto power, and a first-ever non-permanent seat for a small island developing nation. But the Group of Four – Brazil, Germany, India and Japan – support each other’s bids for permanent seats. And the larger Uniting for Consensus group of a dozen countries including Pakistan, Italy, Turkey and Mexico wants additional non-permanent seats with longer terms.

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Associated Press writers Aamer Madhani in Rio de Janeiro, Edith M. Lederer at the United Nations and Isabel DeBre in La Paz, Bolivia contributed.

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Foul play ruled out month after body of Walmart employee found inside walk-in oven at Canada store

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Foul play ruled out month after body of Walmart employee found inside walk-in oven at Canada store

A month after the body of a Walmart employee was found inside a walk-in oven of a store in eastern Canada, police have determined that her death was not suspicious.

The Halifax Police Department released a statement to announce that an investigation into the death of the 19-year-old woman, who was found inside the walk-in oven of the Halifax Walmart on Oct. 19, was not suspicious and there was no evidence of foul play.

“We do not believe anyone else was involved in the circumstances surrounding the woman’s death,” Halifax Regional Police Constable Martin Cromwell announced in a video update on the department’s Facebook page on Monday.

Cromwell added that they did not have many details they could share and did not expect any other updates anytime soon. 

WALMART EMPLOYEE FOUND DEAD INSIDE WALK-IN OVEN AT CANADA STORE: POLICE

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Authorities in Canada are continuing an investigation into the death of a 19-year-old employee at a Halifax Walmart bakery after police said there was no evidence of foul play. (Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images/File | GoFundMe)

“We acknowledge the public’s interest in this case and that there are questions that may never have answers,” said Cromwell. “Please be mindful of the damage public speculation can cause. This woman’s loved ones are grieving.”

Police have not yet released the name of the victim. However, the Gurudwara Maritime Sikh Society, an organization for Sikh immigrants, has identified the woman as Gursimran Kaur.

The group also created a GoFundMe page, which is no longer running, that raised more than $194,000 for Kaur’s family.

“Gursimran Kaur was only 19 years old, a young beautiful girl who came to Canada with big dreams,” a post on the website read.

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IDENTITY OF ‘BADLY DECOMPOSED’ BODY FOUND IN OHIO CAR WASH RELEASED: REPORT

The Walmart logo on a store

A woman was found dead inside a large walk-in oven at a Walmart store’s bakery department in Canada. (Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images/File)

According to the post, Kaur and her mother both worked at Walmart for the last two years.

During the evening of her daughter’s disappearance, the society executive said Kaur’s mother tried to find her after not having contact with her for an hour but brushed it aside, assuming she was helping a customer.

Kaur’s phone was reportedly also not reachable. 

“Mother started panicking as it was unusual for her to switch her phone off during the day. She reached out to the onsite admin for help,” the post continued.

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MISSOURI INFANT DIES AFTER MOTHER ‘ACCIDENTALLY’ PLACES BABY IN OVEN INSTEAD OF CRIB: POLICE

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It’s unclear how the woman died, authorities said. (KTTV)

Sadly, after a few hours, her daughter’s body was found inside a walk-in oven in the store’s bakery.

“Imagine the horror that her mother experienced when she opened the oven, when someone pointed it out to her!” the society executive described. “This family’s sufferings are unimaginable and indescribable.”

Both Kaur’s father and brother were both reportedly in India at the time of her death.

“Investigators met with family to share this update and extend condolences,” Halifax police said. “Our thoughts remain with them at this difficult time.”

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A spokesperson for Walmart previously told Fox News Digital that the store “will be closed until further notice.”

The Canadian Broadcasting Corp. reported that the store reopened on Monday and that the bakery oven was being removed from the store.

Fox News Digital reached out to Walmart for comment on the latest news but did not immediately receive a response.

Stepheny Price is writer for Fox News Digital and Fox Business. Story tips and ideas can be sent to stepheny.price@fox.com.

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