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Study finds aerobic exercise reduces aging skeletal muscle fibrosis | The Express Tribune

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Study finds aerobic exercise reduces aging skeletal muscle fibrosis | The Express Tribune

Walking in parks or along sidewalks in Chinese cities, it is common to encounter runners or joggers. In addition to promoting physical fitness, they could also be alleviating aging skeletal muscle fibrosis through aerobic exercise.

According to a recent research article published in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Chinese researchers have disclosed that aerobic exercise effectively reverses decline in endurance capacity and mitigates muscle atrophy in aged mice.

Aging negatively impacts tissue repair, particularly in skeletal muscle, where the regenerative capacity of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) diminishes with age. Although aerobic exercise is known to attenuate skeletal muscle atrophy, its specific impact on the regenerative and repair capacity of MuSCs remained unclear.

The researchers from the South China Normal University exposed mice to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) from either nine months to 25 months or 20 months to 25 months, and evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise on MuSCs function and muscle regeneration.

The results showed that the MICT initiated at both nine and 20 months led to a marked increase in running duration and distance, according to the study. Additionally, the MICT resulted in increased skeletal muscle weight and an enhanced cross-sectional area.

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Notably, the secretion of connective tissue growth factor increases in the MuSCs aging process, which not only impairs the regenerative capacity of MuSCs, but also leads to skeletal muscle fibrosis.

Aerobic exercise has shown the capacity to lower this harmful effect, and thus it could be useful to promote it among the elderly.

 

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How weightlifting strengthens more than muscles for retail strategist

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How weightlifting strengthens more than muscles for retail strategist

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Kelly Brown is co-founder of The Working Party, an e-commerce agency. She lives in Melbourne.

How did you get into weightlifting?
I started lifting weights in January 2023. During the COVID-19 lockdowns, I didn’t exercise much because I was running my business and homeschooling my kids. As things returned to normal, I felt it was time to focus on my strength and fitness.

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How to get your fitness fix without leaving campus

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How to get your fitness fix without leaving campus

The Recreation and Physical Activity Center, or RPAC, is located at 337 Annie and John Glenn Ave, next to Ohio Stadium. Credit: Samantha Harden | Arts and Life Editor

Among an endless sea of worries for first-year students, concerns about staying active can get lost in the shuffle. 

At first glance, it can feel intimidating to walk around campus, searching for the perfect spot to lift weights or go for a run. Fortunately, several on-campus fitness resources can help students stay in shape in almost any way they choose. 

Here’s an in-depth look at some of the physical wellness resources Ohio State provides.

Carmen Swain, a clinical associate professor in the College of Education and Human Ecology, said while Ohio State possesses various fitness-oriented facilities, the Recreation and Physical Activity Center — or RPAC — is the main hub.

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“We have amazing machine weights,” Swain said. “We also have amazing free weights. You can run the indoor track, you can swim. We have a leisure pool, we have a hot tub, we have a sauna, we have golf simulators.” 

Swain said the RPAC also houses many sports courts, from basketball to racquetball to squash.

Though the RPAC is the epicenter of on-campus fitness equipment, Swain said branch gyms have been built across campus to complement its core presence. 

Rick Petosa, a professor of kinesiology in the Department of Health Sciences, said these branch gyms — such as the North Recreation Center , Jesse Owens North and Jesse Owens South — have become extremely popular with students despite not being as sprawling as the RPAC. This is because they afford a greater level of privacy, he said. 

“RPAC is a very open space,” Petosa said. “And so the weight room, for example, it’s a very large number of square feet, [a] large number of people in there. And some people don’t like to be watched or the fear of being recorded, and so the [branches] of the RPAC are really handy in that regard.”

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Swain said another reason students love the branch facilities is simple: convenience.

“People like the satellites because of the ease of access,” Swain said. “I can exercise right when I wake up at a location right by where I live.” 

Most of the branch gyms can be found in campus’ North and South areas, but the Adventure Recreation Center — or ARC — is a major facility found in the Western portion of campus, Swain said.

Swain said the ARC provides a somewhat alternative fitness experience, with its turf fields and a rock-climbing wall being among the main offerings.

Aside from gym spaces, Petosa and Swain both said joining a team of time kind, whether at the intramural or club levels, is a great way to establish one’s fitness endeavors at Ohio State.

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“Campus Rec offers an extensive range of intramural programs so people can join team sports and other things,” Petosa said. “Football leagues, baseball and just about anything, and so the idea is that exercise for a lot of people is a social activity. Intramural sports offer the opportunity to play with your friends and make new friends.”

Swain also said a wide range of group fitness classes are offered at different facilities across campus on a weekly basis.

“There’s always yoga or pilates — or spinning got really hot for a while —  and so they flux depending upon what’s hot right now,” Swain said. “You can just sign up for these classes, and oftentimes they can be free or minimal cost to students.”

Swain said she believes group fitness classes offer students a congenial atmosphere and prime opportunities to make new friends.

“There’s low judgment, anybody can sign up and it’s like, come try a new thing and see if you like it,” Swain said.

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Students looking to incorporate fitness directly into their course schedules can do so via the Sport Health and Fitness Program, Petosa said. 

“Students can formally enroll, and it covers a whole range of physical activity programs,” Petosa said. “It’s great if someone wants to learn something new about a new sport. If they want to learn about tennis, for example, they’ll get formal [training]. And if they want to learn details about diet and exercise training, they can learn it in those classes as well.”

For students seeking out an easygoing, accessible fitness experience that leads them off-campus, Petosa said the Olentangy River Trail is just the place for them.

“The bike trail goes right along the river, right through campus and then goes right downtown to the bars and goes north of town,” Petosa said. 

Overall, Petosa and Swain said Ohio State offers vivid, personalized fitness options for almost every type of Buckeye. They said students should do their best to integrate fitness into their daily lifestyles, especially considering college’s innate stressors. 

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“We’re looking out for students, and we give students lots of opportunities to be physically active so that it can help promote their physical and mental health so that they have a good time while they’re on campus, but also just helping them to shape their future lives,” Swain said. 

For more information regarding fitness on-campus, visit the Office of Student Life’s Recreational Sports website.

This story was updated July 31 at 10:05 p.m. to correct the misspelling of a source’s name in its corresponding print edition, Buckeye Bound 2024.

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Exercise Tips for Older Adults With Arthritis | UT Physicians

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Exercise Tips for Older Adults With Arthritis | UT Physicians

Staying active becomes increasingly important for overall health and longevity as we age. The benefits are compelling, including improved mobility, mental health, and overall well-being. This can be challenging, however, for older adults with arthritis or joint pain.

Nathan B. Rogers, MD
Nathan B. Rogers, MD

Nathan B. Rogers, MD, orthopedic surgeon with UT Physicians Orthopedics – Cypress, said multiple studies have shown that even with arthritic conditions, those who increase lower extremity strength can decrease pain and increase function. Most importantly, it’s never too late to begin.

“Ideally, you should start when you’re younger and maintain health and fitness into your later years,” said Rogers. “However, research has shown there are significant benefits from doing even gentle exercises well into your 70s, 80s, and even 90s.”

Moving despite limited mobility

For those with limited mobility, such as individuals with arthritis, maintaining activity is still crucial, as stiffness can result from both arthritis and inactivity.

“When you add arthritic conditions that tend to make people more sedentary, you have the pain from the arthritis itself and the pain from the weakness,” said Rogers, an assistant professor with McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston. “People think, ‘Oh, I have arthritis; I shouldn’t move,’ but it’s the exact opposite. Motion is joint lotion.”

Simple bodyweight exercises and flexibility routines can help keep joints mobile and reduce stiffness. Chair yoga and other seated exercises are excellent options for those with severe mobility restrictions.

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One of the biggest challenges in any exercise routine is maintaining motivation. Rogers believes education is key. He spends significant time educating his patients on the benefits of movement, even for those with arthritis.

Infographic illustration showing exercise techniquesInfographic illustration showing exercise techniques

Exercises for older adults with arthritis

Here are a few exercise options older adults can do at home:

Bodyweight exercises

Rogers strongly believes in the knee conditioning program by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons and shares it with all his patients. These exercises utilize your body weight (except for one) and focus on individual muscle exercises such as quad strengthening, calf strengthening, hamstrings, and more.

“Maintenance of muscle mass correlates to strength and is important in maintaining a functional lifestyle, especially as we age,” Rogers said. “It helps with glucose regulation, diabetes management, and supports cardiovascular health by improving blood pressure and general well-being.”

“Studies have looked at high-intensity and low-intensity exercise regimens with older adults, and it really doesn’t make a difference,” Rogers said. “Any resistance training, whether with weights on the machine or body weight, gives an improvement in symptoms and an improvement in function.”

Balance exercises

Balance exercises are easy to do at home and can help prevent falls and improve stability for older adults.

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To work on balance, stand behind a chair and hold onto the back for support. Lift one foot off the ground and hold the position for 10-15 seconds. Switch to the other foot and repeat. Pair this balance exercise as you brush your teeth to ensure it’s part of your daily routine.

Flexibility exercises

Rogers said many of his patients have mild arthritic changes and are stiff. He uses a metaphor of a three- or four-hour car ride and getting out to pump gas. You can get up, but you’re stiff, achy, and have to stretch a bit. He said to imagine doing that for extended periods, which is what you’re doing to your joints when you’re sedentary.

“Taking the joints through a range of motion and working on flexibility is beneficial for all older adults, but more so for those with arthritis,” Rogers said.

Gentle neck, shoulders, back, and legs stretches can help with tight muscles.

Cardio exercises

Cardiovascular exercise and resistance training are both important and go hand in hand, Rogers said. He emphasizes to patients that a truly balanced workout regimen is both resistance training and cardio.

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Older adults can make modifications as they focus on cardio health:

  • Walk around your home or in place to gain some essential movement.
  • Do chair aerobics – sit in a sturdy chair and do arm circles, leg lifts, and marching in place.
  • Dance around the living room or kitchen to your favorite music. This can improve your mood and provide an accelerated heart rate at the same time.

“Making exercise part of daily life can go a long way toward your overall health in the future,” Rogers said.

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