Ever since college, Brad Jobling struggled with his weight, fluctuating between a low of 155 pounds when he was in his 30s to as high as 220. He spent a decade tracking calories on WeightWatchers, but the pounds he dropped always crept back onto his 5-foot-5-inch frame.
A little over a year ago, the 58-year-old Manhattan resident went on a new weight-loss drug called semaglutide (Wegovy). He’s lost 30 pounds, and has started eating healthier food and exercising — the habits behind many commercial diet plans and decades of conventional wisdom on sustainable weight loss.
Yet Jobling’s experience also has altered his perspective on dieting. He now sees obesity as a disease that requires medical intervention, not just behavioral changes. In fact, he thinks he will need to stay on a drug like semaglutide for the rest of his life even though it has taken some of the joy out of eating.
“I don’t see how you can maintain (the weight) without medication,” Jobling said. “Obviously, it’s all about self-control. But I think it’s less of a struggle to really maintain healthy eating when you got that assistance.”
Like the lives of the people taking them, recent injected drugs like semaglutide, which was first approved for diabetes under the brand name Ozempic, are reshaping the U.S. health and fitness industries. They have proven successful in eliminating unwanted pounds more quickly and easily than consuming fewer and burning more calories alone. Such is their disruptive power that even established diet companies like WeightWatchers and brands like Lean Cuisine are getting makeovers.
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Although celebrities like Oprah Winfrey have spoken publicly of the drugs as revolutionary, some health experts worry that businesses without any expertise will start dispensing the prescription medications along with bad advice and unproven therapies.
A Demand Too Big to Ignore
At least 3 million prescriptions for the class of medications known as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists were issued each month in the U.S. during the 12 months that ended in March, according to data from health technology company IQVIA. They include semaglutide and tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound). Morgan Stanley research analysts have estimated that 24 million people, or 7% of the U.S. population, will be using GLP-1 drugs by 2035.
The world’s leading diet programs have taken note of such statistics and incorporated the popular drugs into their existing subscription plans.
WeightWatchers, which was founded in 1963, last year acquired telehealth provider Sequence, enabling members to get prescriptions for weight-loss drugs. WeightWatchers is sticking with its focus on behavior change as the cornerstone of weight reduction but launched virtual clinics that provide customized exercise and nutrition plans, as well as prescription care, for individuals who want to lose 20% of their body weight on average.
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“The weight loss space will be led by the acknowledgement that weight loss is a matter of healthcare,” WeightWatchers CEO Sima Sistani told analysts earlier this year. “This is a paradigm shift because weight loss has been and, unfortunately, often still is viewed as a vanity issue.”
The Mayo Clinic, which first offered a weight management plan in book form in 1949, has published an updated version of the longtime bestseller, titled “The Mayo Clinic Diet: Weight-Loss Medications Edition.”
The Mayo Clinic Diet program also has expanded to include access to weight-loss drugs and advice on managing any side effects, according to Digital Wellness CEO Scott Penn, whose company developed an online platform for the original program.
The new drugs have made being very overweight “feel more medical as a condition,” he said.
Gym and Diet Food Companies Look to Muscle In
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Luxury athletic club operator Life Time launched a membership program last year that offers comprehensive medical testing, personalized training, and a host of alternative therapies like cryotherapy. Members of the Miora program also can get semaglutide and other weight-loss drugs through the medical staff of a clinic that opened in Minneapolis last year.
Jeff Zwiefel, executive director of Life Time Miora, called the new drugs a “game changer” for the fitness industry.
“We have an opportunity and an obligation and a responsibility to help people achieve results in conjunction with medical providers and make sure that that’s the way to go,” he said.
Fitness chains are banking on the idea people on the drugs will lose enough weight to overcome any self-consciousness or physical limits that kept them from exercising. The gym franchise Equinox started a new personal training program in January for prescription-holders who want to preserve or build muscle mass as they shed unwanted pounds.
The world of drug-assisted weight loss also is altering the ambitions of food companies. Sales of SlimFast, a line of meal replacement shakes and snacks sold at supermarkets, have dropped as people turn to weight-loss drugs and retailers cut shelf space for diet products, the brand’s parent company, Glanbia, told investors in February.
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Since the drugs suppress the appetites of people taking them, Glanbia and other companies are marketing their products as a source of adequate nutrients for people taking GLP-1s. Swiss multinational Nestle SA thinks it can benefit from the drugs’ popularity and is expanding its Lean Cuisine frozen meals and OPTIFAST protein shakes.
“Diets are cool again,” Nestle SA CEO Ulf Mark Schneider told analysts in February. “It’s something that people used to do quietly on the side, uncertain about their outcomes.”
Promising Results and a Wealth of Unknowns
Research has shown that about a third of people lose 5% or more of their body weight with diet and exercise alone, according to Louis Aronne, MD, director of the Comprehensive Weight Control Center at Weill Cornell Medical school. In comparison, tirzepatide helped people with obesity or who are overweight lose at least a quarter of their weight when combined with restricted calories and exercise, a new study showed.
But some experts worry about businesses marketing the drugs or serving as fitness coaches for patients on the medications. Cian Wade, BMBCh, MPH, a healthcare consultant for the global strategy and management firm Kearney, said he’s concerned about a proliferation of clinics that don’t have as much experience with obesity and related health conditions.
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“There’s a potential worry that for some patients, (the clinics) will not have the right expertise at hand to be able to appropriately manage the side effects, nutrition-related issues,” he said.
Since GLP-1 medications are so new, it’s unclear how many patients will stick with their drug regimens, which produce intolerable side effects for some people. Another reason patients may drop the drugs is cost. A month’s supply of the weight-loss formulation of semaglutide costs $1,300, and tirzepatide’s is priced at $1,000.
‘The New Version of Me’
Lisa Donahey, 54, an actress and singer who lives in Los Angeles, started tirzepatide under a doctor’s care a year ago to address her type 2 diabetes. At the time, Donahey, who is 5-foot-7-inches tall, weighed 260 pounds and was a veteran of diet plans like Jenny Craig, WeightWatchers, and Nutrisystem.
Her weight has since dropped to a little less than 190 pounds. She goes to a gym. After always being cast as a character actor, she’s looking for new roles. Having used the medication to give her “a kick-start,” Donahey said she plans to wean herself off tirzepatide once she loses another 40 pounds.
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“I had a sense of hopelessness that I was destined to be this way and just could not do it by myself,” she said. “Now, with my weight being managed and the new version of ‘me’ is emerging, I just feel so empowered, excited, and hopeful.”
A Recent Study Suggests Evening Workouts May Offer Significantly Greater Longevity Benefits for Individuals with Obesity, Intensifying the Ongoing Scientific Discussion Over Whether Health Goals and Body Metabolism Dictate the Best Hour to Exercise. The question of the most beneficial time of day to exercise—a straightforward query—continues to yield frustratingly contradictory and complex answers in […]
Skiing can be a whole lot of fun when the snow starts flying. But your body can take a beating on the slopes if it’s not properly prepared.
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Sports medicine specialist Molly McDermott, DO, shares how to get ready for ski season with some workouts and strategies.
Ski training routine
Some elite skiers start training at the tail end of spring — about six months before they ever hit the slopes. Others may need less time. In general, Dr. McDermott recommends training at least six to eight weeks before your first outdoor adventure.
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As part of your routine, you’ll want to focus on ski workouts that build:
Strength
Endurance
Flexibility
Neuromuscular control (also known as muscular coordination)
Trying to jump into a sport when you haven’t intentionally trained is difficult and challenging, says Dr. McDermott. That’s especially true given the physical demands that come with skiing.
“You want to train your brain, nerves and muscles to really build stability and balance so you can have more control over how you jump and land,” she notes.
Ski exercises
Ski-focused training puts a strong emphasis on lower-body exercises, targeting everything from your glutes to your ankles. But you’ll want to take a full-body approach to ski exercises, which means working on your core and upper body as well.
“You’re going to have to make real-time decisions when you’re out on the slopes,” stresses Dr. McDermott. “You’ll need to strengthen your whole body to be able to do things like pivot or change direction, keep your balance, propel yourself forward and withstand the impact of skiing.”
Dr. McDermott recommends starting with just bodyweight exercises if this is your first go at it. More experienced athletes can focus on higher weights or machines. In general, she recommends doing three sets of 10 to 15 reps each. Then, as you work through your training, you can progressively load your weight, sets, reps or how long you exercise to continue building strength and endurance.
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Here are some workouts that lend themselves to skiing.
Dynamic warm-up
Warming up before any workout is key, especially right before you hit the slopes. The International Ski and Snowboard Federation agrees. Dynamic warm-ups and cool-downs are highly effective for preventing injury and improving performance.
Consider starting and ending your ski workout with five to 10 minutes of:
Jogging
Using an elliptical
Walking on a treadmill
“You’re warming up your muscles and then stretching them, as opposed to static, cold stretching,” explains Dr. McDermott.
Squats
“Squat maneuvers help make sure you have the coordination of your nerves and your muscles working together so your muscles are strong and keep your body aligned — in particular, keeping your knees from turning in,” says Dr. McDermott. “As squats become easier, you can progress to squat jumps.”
Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart with your toes pointed slightly outward.
Hinge at your hips, bend your knees and slowly lower your body (as if sinking into a chair).
Lower until your thighs are parallel to the ground, keeping your knees in line with your toes and your weight on your heels.
Hold the position for three to five seconds.
Shoot up quickly to your starting position by pushing through your heels.
Repeat this process for 10 to 15 reps.
Side-lying hip abductors
Hip abductor exercises help with skiing because they focus on balance, control and building strength in your hips, glutes and thighs.
Lie down on your side with your legs extended straight. Your right leg should be on top of the other and you should rest your head on your left arm.
Keeping your hips steady, lift your right leg so your knees are no longer touching. You should feel a stretch in your upper thigh and hip.
Slowly lower your right leg.
Repeat for 10 to 15 reps, then switch sides and continue.
Calf raises
Calf raises help improve ankle mobility and calf strength — all needed for those quick turns while skiing.
Stand with your feet hip-width apart, with your arms hanging at your sides.
Slowly lift the back of your heels until you’re standing on the balls of your feet.
Hold this position for one to two seconds before lowering back down.
Repeat for 10 to 15 reps.
Skater hops
“Skater hops are single-leg hops from side-to-side,” describes Dr. McDermott. “These are really going to help you in certain ski maneuvers.”
Stand with your feet hip-width apart and your hips and knees bent at a 45-degree angle.
Push off the floor with your left leg so that you jump to the side, landing on your right leg.
Keep your knees bent and your left leg crossed behind your right (as if you’re skating).
Then, jump back to the opposite side, crossing your right leg behind your left.
Repeat this process in quick succession for 10 to 15 reps, jumping as fast and far as you’re able.
To maintain momentum, it helps to swing your left arm forward as you’re pushing off with your left leg and vice versa.
Shoulder shrugs
“Shoulder shrugs are a good ski exercise because they help build the upper trapezius muscles that connect with your neck,” says Dr. McDermott. “They really work on your posture.”
Start by standing tall, feet hip-width apart.
While looking straight ahead, lift both of your shoulders and slowly roll them backward in a circle for 10 seconds.
Repeat the process by circling your shoulders in the opposite direction for 10 seconds.
Chin tucks
Chin tucks involve a gentle range of motion to improve posture and strengthen neck muscles.
While sitting or standing in a relaxed position, look straight ahead and lightly touch the bottom of your chin with your index finger.
Gently pull your head and neck back so your chin moves away from your finger.
Hold this tucked-chin position for up to 10 seconds before slowly extending your head and neck forward to the starting chin position.
Repeat this process for 10 to 15 reps.
Push-ups
“Push-ups are good for strengthening your shoulders, chest and core, which helps with balance and stability when you’re skiing,” says Dr. McDermott.
Kneel on all fours with your palms flat on the floor in front of you and your fingers facing forward. Hands should be shoulder-width apart and directly below your shoulders.
Lift your knees off the floor and straighten your legs.
Bend your elbows and tuck them to your sides as you slowly lower your chest and chin to the floor.
Push through your palms until your arms are fully extended. Don’t let your hips or back dip to the ground — your head, spine and butt should all be aligned.
Repeat this process for 10 to 15 reps.
Planks
This exercise targets your wrists, forearms, core and upper body — all areas that promote stability and strength while skiing.
Get into a push-up position, with your legs extended and your elbows directly beneath your shoulders.
Hold this upright push-up position for 10 to 15 seconds, with your abs engaged and butt and back aligned.
For a modified challenge, you can lower your knees to the floor while holding this position.
For a deeper stretch, you can rock your hips back and forth, or lower down to your elbows for a low plank.
Bridges
Bridges help strengthen your glutes, which help guide and direct your skis.
Lie on your back with your knees bent, feet on the floor and arms at your sides.
Squeezing your butt and abdominal muscles, push through your heels to slowly lift your hips toward the ceiling.
Keep your back straight and your arms pressed into the floor at your sides.
Hold this position for a few seconds, before slowly lowering your hips to the floor.
Repeat this process for 10 to 15 reps.
Oblique twists
Also known as a Russian twist, this exercise focuses on your abdominal muscles and core strength. It helps with skiing because it supports your ability to rotate, turn and move quickly.
Sit on the floor with your knees bent and your feet flat.
Lean back at a 45-degree angle and squeeze your abdominal muscles.
Extend your arms out straight in front of you and clasp your hands together.
Engage your core as you twist slowly to the right as far as you feel comfortable, moving your arms in the direction you’re turning.
Return back to center, pause and then twist to the left side.
Repeat this process for 10 to 15 reps.
Cardio exercises
Skiers can also benefit from cardio exercises that get their blood flowing and build aerobic endurance, like:
Cycling
Running
Swimming
Rowing
“Build cardiovascular and low-impact activities into your training routine to help improve your performance and increase your endurance,” advises Dr. McDermott. “Some days you can break it up into sets or you can do 30 minutes straight.”
A note before hitting the slopes
A big part of ski training is getting your body acclimated to cold-weather exercises. For athletes who live in areas where winter runs strong, it helps to train early and get that outdoor exposure as temperatures begin to drop during the fall.
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Others who live in warmer climates might benefit from taking cold showers, ice baths or lowering indoor temperatures weeks before heading out on a ski trip.
Once ski season begins, make sure you warm up before heading outdoors, stay hydrated and keep moving to keep your body warm.
“When you’re skiing, a lot of unexpected things happen,” cautions Dr. McDermott. “The weather changes and things happen really fast. So, you want to be physically and mentally prepared before you hit the slopes, making sure you’ve got the right equipment, the right clothing and you’re prepared in case of injury.”
One of the harder parts of committing to a training routine is knowing where to start, and that’s true of those who have never trained regularly before as well as more experienced people coming back after a break.
This 20-minute workout from fitness trainer Lindsey Bomgren, founder of Nourish Move Love on YouTube, is perfect for easing your way into a training routine, especially if you’re coming back from a break because of illness or any other reason.
The workout trains the whole body through two rounds of exercises that you can complete in 20 minutes, even with a quick warm-up and cool-down included.
You do need a set of dumbbells for the workout, with Bomgren suggesting 15-25lb weights as a rough guideline. If you have a set of the best adjustable dumbbells available, you can change the weight to suit each exercise as and when required.
20 Minute FULL BODY Comeback Workout (Easy Re-Entry After Sickness/Break) – YouTube
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The workout contains nine exercises, with some of those being done on both sides for 12 moves in total in each round. You do two rounds of the exercises, completing 10 reps of each move, or 10 on each side if appropriate.
Bomgren demonstrates each move and sets the pace for the session, so you can follow her when possible, or slow down if you need to. Bomgren’s fellow trainer, Rachel, is also on hand to offer easier modifications of some exercises you can do instead.
In order to work as many muscles as possible in 20 minutes, the workout is mostly made up of compound exercises that recruit several joints and muscle groups at once, like squats and lunges.
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There are also some more focused moves like triceps extensions, and your core is also worked with some bicycle crunches and glute bridges.
It’s a fast-paced session that will not only get you fitter and stronger, but also help you prepare for longer, harder workouts if you are kicking off a regular workout routine.
Bomgren also includes a quick warm-up and cool-down in the video, which is invaluable and well worth doing. The warm-up will get you ready for the workout, so you can get the most out of the first few exercises, while the cool-down will help start your recovery and reduce any muscle soreness you might feel after the workout, especially if it’s your first session in a while.
If you are a beginner or finding it hard to match Bomgren’s pace throughout the session, you can also reduce the number of reps you do for each move to six or eight. This will give you a bit more time to complete your set, rather than rushing to do 10 reps and potentially sacrificing good form.
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