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From Neil Armstrong to Richard Nixon to Alaska to a reality show skipper, the curious path of Alaska’s moon rocks

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From Neil Armstrong to Richard Nixon to Alaska to a reality show skipper, the curious path of Alaska’s moon rocks


A part of a unbroken weekly collection on Alaska historical past by native historian David Reamer. Have a query about Anchorage or Alaska historical past or an thought for a future article? Go to the shape on the backside of this story.

On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepped onto the moon. Within the wake of these nationally televised steps, a proud nation leaped into celebration. Individuals had gained the area race. The second was particularly important for Alaskans, because the preparation, moon touchdown, and return of the Apollo 11 mission had been the primary stay satellite tv for pc broadcasts within the state.

The astronauts left a number of objects behind on the moon, together with the digicam that captured Armstrong’s first steps, an American flag, a plaque, instruments, baggage of human waste, and an Apollo 1 mission patch to honor the three astronauts who died in a 1967 launch rehearsal fireplace. The Apollo 11 crew wanted room to carry again the almost 50 kilos of lunar regolith, fragments, and core samples — moon rocks, in different phrases.

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At a look, many of the moon rock samples are unassuming, if expensively obtained: tiny, grey flecks of stone. But, they’re priceless, each as scientific specimens and historic relics. Nonetheless, there was a time, within the optimistic excessive after Apollo 11, when some observers believed moon rocks would change into frequent. Nationwide columnist Don Oakley wrote, “If the current Apollo schedule of a moon touchdown each 4 months is adhered to, scientists worry they may quickly be inundated with lunar materials.” However glory fades, and the final crewed mission to the moon, Apollo 17. got here in 1972. The provision of moon rocks by no means approached, not to mention surpassed, demand.

In the USA, it’s unlawful for people to personal any of the rocks from the moon missions. Regardless of this barrier, many supposed moon rocks have been bought within the many years since 1969. There are a whole bunch of on-line gross sales listings for “moon rocks.” These merchandise are both lunar meteorite fragments, materials ejected from the moon that landed on Earth, or fakes, the latter being the commonest. Some moon rocks had been introduced to Walter Cronkite and the Apollo astronauts, however these samples stay the property of NASA and should be publicly displayed quite than personally stored.

Starting in 1969, President Richard Nixon distributed moon rock samples to each state and 135 international locations. In 1973, one other set of lunar pattern shows from the Apollo 17 mission had been distributed the identical approach. The Apollo 17 moon rock shows are collectively often known as the Goodwill Moon Rocks, as their fragments had been chipped from a chunk of lunar basalt known as the Goodwill Rock.

The Apollo 11 show featured a number of lunar fragments encased in acrylic on a stand with a small flag that additionally made the journey to the moon. Nixon introduced the Alaska show in late 1969 to Gov. Keith Miller. From there, the moon rocks traveled across the state as a featured show merchandise on the 1970 Alaska State Truthful, museums, the Chugiak Gem and Mineral Society, and even the occasional science truthful.

The Air Progress Museum opened in 1967, a part of the Alaska Buy centennial festivities. Positioned off Worldwide Airport Highway in Anchorage, it was taken over by the state in 1969 when it turned the Alaska Transportation Museum. The unique displays centered on aviation, together with a airplane flown by Robert “Bob” Reeve. With the rebranding, the museum’s scope expanded to incorporate transportation of every kind, together with bikes, sleds, snowmachines, railroad automobiles and kayaks. And by 1972, the gathering included the Apollo 11 moon rocks.

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A go to to the Alaska Transportation Museum was not fairly like visiting a contemporary museum now. The presentation was much less polished and extra scattered. For instance, the moon rocks had been subsequent to airplane fashions assembled by youngsters. In 1973, Anchorage Every day Occasions author Cathy Allen described the museum as “A vacationer spot that appears extra like a car parking zone for aged planes and trains.” There have been additionally fewer anti-theft options. Museum director and curator Phil Redden, the one boss the museum ever had, informed the Every day Occasions in 1972, “We’ve tried to make the museum a private place. We haven’t roped off displays as a result of we wish individuals to get shut and recognize these items. We’d recognize it if individuals return the favor and never abuse the displays.”

The museum could have merely not been in a position to afford exhibit ropes. Funding was unsure and inadequate for the whole thing of its temporary existence. Sadly, cost-cutting meant the ability had fireplace extinguishers however no sprinkler system. On Sept. 6, 1973, an unknown arsonist set the constructing on fireplace. Workers first noticed the flames rising from an airplane cockpit, but it surely was too late for extinguishers. By the point firefighters arrived, many of the injury was already carried out. Redden stated, “An previous cloth-covered airplane needs to be probably the most flammable factor on Earth. As soon as one among them catches on fireplace she is going to nearly burn below water.” He estimated the injury at $500,000, roughly $3.3 million in 2023 {dollars}, although the precise price was incalculable.

The hearth was in depth and thought to have destroyed or broken almost each exhibit contained in the constructing. A glass case and a few engines had been among the many few surviving items. Amid the devastation and confusion, the moon rocks disappeared.

The hearth and native apathy for a rebuilt facility ended the museum’s run in Anchorage. Redden was fired in January 1974, and funding for the location was eradicated. Practically three years later, the salvaged displays had been transferred to the Palmer fairgrounds, finally forming the premise of a reborn museum, now the Museum of Alaska Transportation & Trade. The unrelated Alaska Aviation Museum in Anchorage opened in 1988.

Alaska was removed from the one place with issue holding onto its moon rocks. As a result of time period limits, New Mexico Gov. David Cargo didn’t run for reelection in 1970. On his approach out, he stripped his workplace and the governor’s mansion of many valuables, together with a grand piano and the Apollo 11 lunar samples. The piano was notably put in at his personal residence. Mentioned Cargo on the moon rocks, “I can do no matter I wish to with them. The president gave them to me.” Beneath strain, Cargo reluctantly donated them to the Museum of New Mexico. To the top, he claimed the rocks had been his, although a museum consultant famous the show acknowledged, “Offered to the individuals of the state of New Mexico by Richard Nixon.”

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On Sept. 22, 1977, a person broke right into a case on the Delaware State Museum and ripped the acrylic ball holding that state’s Apollo 11 lunar fragments from its show. The police there didn’t interview witnesses or mud for fingerprints, and there have been no safety cameras. The crime has shockingly not been solved. The Apollo 11 moon rocks for New York have equally been lacking for many years.

In lots of different states, the moon rocks had been rediscovered solely after years of poor record-keeping, in forgotten cupboards (Hawaii), storage services (Minnesota), and desk drawers (North Carolina). In a couple of cases, state moon rocks entered personal possession by way of unknown means solely to be returned years later, as in Louisiana and West Virginia. The Colorado Apollo 17 moon rocks had been found in 2010, within the possession of former Gov. John Vanderhoof, who displayed them in his residence. Vanderhoof informed reporters, “It’s proper right here, simply sitting proper right here. It was put in with a bunch of stuff I had, I assume.” As of now, solely the Delaware and New York Apollo 11 shows are lacking from the state moon rocks.

The moon rocks given to leaders exterior the nation have been extra inclined to loss, theft, and black-market gross sales. Roughly two-thirds of the 270 Apollo 11 and 17 moon rocks given to international locations are unaccounted for. Rumors abound of underground exchanges involving hundreds of thousands of {dollars}. Most notoriously, the Honduran Goodwill Moon Rock went lacking within the Nineteen Nineties and was rediscovered in Florida because of a federal interagency sting and $5 million borrowed from Ross Perot.

A long time handed with none discover of the lacking Alaska Apollo 11 moon rocks. Quickly after being fired from the Alaska Transportation Museum, Phil Redden moved again to South Dakota, the place he was born and grew up. He died there in 1998. Practically everybody forgot in regards to the show till press protection in 2010 reawakened Alaskans to the thriller.

On Dec. 20, 2010, Arthur Coleman Anderson sued the state of Alaska and the state museums for the title to the moon rocks. The information protection had maybe woke up him to the moon rocks’ potential worth. In 1973, Anderson simply so occurred to be Redden’s stepson or foster son. Sources differ. Anderson was additionally a captain within the first season of the Alaska actuality present “Deadliest Catch,” which is one among many items of proof suggesting that Alaska is definitely one small city with connections in all places.

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Per Anderson’s lawsuit, he was trying by way of the stays of the museum when he “found the Plaque, which was coated by a thick layer of melted supplies. Plaintiff thought it was ‘cool’ and that he would possibly have the ability to clear it up and switch it right into a neat memento.” His lawyer argued that the state had deserted possession by permitting rubbish removing crews to get rid of the museum particles. Anderson then supplied to promote the moon rocks again to Alaska as soon as the title was cleared.

Anderson’s model of occasions was unconvincing. As assistant U.S. lawyer James Barkeley stated on the time, “Coleman informed a yarn about how he had picked up these moon rocks in items, and so they had been horribly disfigured. The flag of Alaska that was flown to the moon and again had been shriveled up. The bottom was indifferent from the remainder of the plaque. There had been some melting and another bodily injury. He was type sufficient … to have polished it with a toothbrush and to have in any other case taken superb care of it, restoring it to, apparently, nearly intact situation.”

Compelled by a court docket order, Anderson turned over the moon rocks for testing. Reasonably than remade or restored, the show regarded exactly because it had 40 years prior. Barkeley stated the outcomes “conclusively confirmed what Coleman Anderson had testified below oath at his deposition was doubtful, at greatest. To say that the plaque, taken aside or rendered into items, the flag partially melted, and the opposite injury as described was then, someway, so exactly reassembled that none of that bodily injury was obvious and that the relative positioning of all of the objects that made the plaque had been equivalent, defied logic.”

The state additionally produced testimony from witnesses who, after the 1973 fireplace, noticed the moon rocks in an undamaged case, one of many only a few displays to flee hurt. Alaska State Museum chief curator Bob Banghart stated, “We expect they had been eliminated undamaged by Redden and put in a locked cupboard in his workplace after which taken to his home below the auspices of safekeeping. We don’t know the way Mr. Anderson acquired them and thru what course of.”

Anderson’s case crumbled, and he agreed at hand over the show to the state with all current or potential authorized points dismissed. The moon rocks are actually proudly displayed within the Alaska State Museum in Juneau. From the moon to Neil Armstrong to Richard Nixon to Alaska to a actuality present skipper, and eventually residence in Juneau, historical past in Alaska typically leaves the craziest paths.

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Key sources:

Allen, Cathy. “Museum could Lose Spot, Money.” Anchorage Every day Occasions, August 30, 1973, 2.

Arthur C. Anderson v. the State of Alaska et al. 3AN-10-1298 (Superior Court docket, 2010).

Dunham, Mike. “Lengthy-missing Apollo Moon Rocks Return to Alaska.” Anchorage Every day Information, December 7, 2012, A-3.

Hayden, Chip. “Airport Museum Gutted by Fireplace.” Anchorage Every day Information, September 7, 1973, 1, 2.

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“Key to Piano Downside Now Sought by Cargo.” Albuquerque Journal, February 7, 1971, A-1, A-2.

“Moon Rocks Offered to Museum by Cargo.” Albuquerque Tribune, February 10, 1971, A-1.

“Museum Official Fires Curator.” Anchorage Every day Occasions, January 23, 1974, 2.

Oakley, Don. “Too Many Moon Rocks.” Anchorage Every day Occasions, October 24, 1969, 4.

O’Malley, Julia. “Moon Rocks: From Area to Heart Stage in Court docket.” Anchorage Every day Information, July 3, 2011, A-1, A-5.

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Pearlman, Robert Z. “Alaska Reclaims Its Lacking Moon Rocks.” Area, December 13, 2012.

“Phil L. Redden obituary.” Anchorage Every day Information, August 3, 1998, B-5.

Stein, Patricia. “Distinctive Reveals Inform Historical past of Journey.” Anchorage Every day Occasions, September 14, 1972, 15.

Wyatt, Kristen. “Moon Rubble Discovered with Ex-governor.” Durango Herald, June 2, 2010.





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Alaska

Opinion: We’ve done what the governor says Alaska school districts refuse to do. Now we’re at the breaking point.

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Opinion: We’ve done what the governor says Alaska school districts refuse to do. Now we’re at the breaking point.


Fairbanks. (iStock / Getty Images)

As the superintendent of the Fairbanks North Star Borough School District, I feel compelled to respond to the recent opinion article by Gov. Mike Dunleavy and Education Commissioner Deena Bishop (“We’re not going to stop pushing for better Alaska student outcomes”) advocating for increased educational “options” and implying that districts like ours resist innovation to preserve the status quo. This narrative misrepresents both our district’s efforts and the real fiscal challenges we face.

In Fairbanks, we’ve made the hard decisions year after year in our school district. We’ve closed schools, consolidated programs, reduced administrative positions, outsourced evening custodial positions, and sought out efficiencies at every level. We’ve done this while navigating declining enrollment and a state education funding formula that has failed to keep pace with inflation for more than a decade.

When state leaders claim that districts like ours resist innovation or cling to the status quo, they aren’t just being unfair — they’re misrepresenting the truth. These assertions perpetuate a false narrative that undermines public confidence and damages enrollment in our schools.

Over the past four years, the Fairbanks North Star Borough School District has closed seven schools. These were difficult and emotional decisions to ensure that we could continue serving our students responsibly and sustainably. We have streamlined our operations, reorganized academic programs and redirected limited resources to classrooms where they matter most. These are exactly the kinds of changes critics call for — and we have already made them. We’ve shown innovation by streamlining, reorganizing, redirecting and focusing on what matters most, even when funding stops showing up.

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We’ve done what the governor and others say school districts refuse to do. Yet despite all of these difficult and proactive steps, we still face significant funding shortfalls that directly affect our classrooms. The reality is this: doing more with less can only go so far. Continued underfunding is now eroding the quality of education we can provide, and we have already reached that breaking point.

Fairbanks has not stood still. We’ve embraced innovation and modernization in ways that reflect the diverse and evolving needs of our families. We’ve expanded career and technical education opportunities, strengthened blended and online learning options, and partnered with community organizations to support student mental health and early literacy. These efforts aren’t relics of the past; they are forward-looking, equity-driven strategies rooted in data and community feedback.

[Earlier commentary: Alaska education reform doesn’t start with budget cuts]

At the same time, we cannot ignore the reality of chronic underfunding. While some disingenuously claim that education funding has grown significantly in recent years, they fail to account for the full picture. Inflation, rising operational costs, and limitations in Alaska’s funding model have steadily eroded our real purchasing power. If the Base Student Allocation had simply kept pace with inflation, Fairbanks schools would be receiving approximately $30 million more each year. That funding would reduce class sizes, restore student support positions, and prevent program cuts that harm students.

Today, some classrooms in Fairbanks have more than 35 students — a clear reflection of the strain on our resources. We’ve had to make difficult decisions, including reducing teaching and counseling positions and limiting vital services that families rely on each day. When we talk about “saving jobs,” we are referring to the teachers, aides, librarians, and specialists who provide essential instruction, care, and support to our children. These positions are not bureaucratic; they are fundamental to student success.

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The governor often points to Mississippi as a model for improving literacy outcomes. We agree that Alaska should aim for similar progress. But what he fails to acknowledge is that Mississippi made major investments to achieve that success — including more than $9 million in the first year and $15 million annually to fund literacy coaches and early intervention. In contrast, Alaska’s Reads Act, though promising in its design, has not been supported with the level of funding needed to deliver meaningful results. Good policy is only effective when matched with sustained investment. We cannot replicate outcomes without replicating inputs.

We also support the idea that families deserve options, and in Fairbanks, we offer a range of public school choices, including charter and homeschool programs. But we cannot expand “choice” by weakening the neighborhood schools that serve the vast majority of students — especially those with disabilities, English language learners and students who require additional support. When we shift resources away from these core schools, we undermine equity, stability, and access for all.

Despite what you may hear, Alaska’s public school leaders are not obstructionists. In fact, over the past two legislative cycles, our lawmakers have worked across party lines to support both increased education funding and thoughtful policy reforms. Unfortunately, each time meaningful progress has been made — including the most recent bipartisan effort to raise the Base Student Allocation — the governor has chosen to veto those advances rather than build on them. That is not collaboration. It is a refusal to meet in the middle. It’s a refusal to honor the hard work elected legislators from across our state have done to support all students in Alaska.

We welcome a different path. I invite the governor and commissioner to visit our schools, speak with our educators, and hear directly from our community. Come see how Fairbanks is working tirelessly to adapt, innovate and serve every student — even with fewer resources than we had a decade ago. The time has come to stop drawing battle lines and start building solutions together like we have seen the Legislature do.

If we are serious about improving education in Alaska, then we must fully fund our schools, protect vital teaching positions and ensure that policy reforms are supported with the resources required to succeed. Our students deserve more than rhetoric and political gridlock. They deserve a public education system that values both opportunity and excellence.

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Fairbanks has done the hard work. Now we need a true partner in the state. All of Alaska’s children are counting on us.

Luke Meinert serves as superintendent of the Fairbanks North Star Borough School District. He has held leadership and teaching roles with the Aleutians East, Yukon-Koyukuk and Fairbanks school districts.

• • •

The views expressed here are the writer’s and are not necessarily endorsed by the Anchorage Daily News, which welcomes a broad range of viewpoints. To submit a piece for consideration, email commentary(at)adn.com. Send submissions shorter than 200 words to letters@adn.com or click here to submit via any web browser. Read our full guidelines for letters and commentaries here.





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Captured on camera: An ‘otter-ly’ fantastic adventure through Alaskan waterways

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Captured on camera: An ‘otter-ly’ fantastic adventure through Alaskan waterways


ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) – For the first time, an otter was captured on camera swimming through the weir at Westchester Lagoon. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game posted the video on their Sport Fishing Facebook page.

“Seeing them go in and out through, that isn’t anything unusual. It’s probably been happening for years. This is just the first time we’ve actually got video footage of it,” said Cory Stantorf, a biologist for the Department of Fish and Game.

According to Fish and Game, the camera was placed to monitor the movement of fish and invasive species throughout Alaskan waterways. A grant from Fish and Game’s Invasive Species Program funded the camera.

Stantorf said it is not uncommon for small marine mammals to find their way through weirs.

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“It’s more common for river otters. They’re significantly more mobile in and out of water systems, so they’ll go from Campbell Creek over to Chester Creek, then they’ll bounce back,” he said.

Stantorf said otters are a vital part of the ecosystem that keeps watershed areas healthy. He reminded people to be respectful of all wildlife and to report any negative interactions to the Fish and Game office.

“Just like when people see other wildlife like bears or moose, otters are the same way. You have got to give them space. Don’t approach them,” Stantorf said. “We haven’t had any negative reports this year, which is great.”

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Sullivan ‘side-deal’ not enough to save rural Alaska public broadcasting, opponents of Trump proposal to funding cut say

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Sullivan ‘side-deal’ not enough to save rural Alaska public broadcasting, opponents of Trump proposal to funding cut say


ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) – Hours before the Senate is set to vote on President Donald Trump’s $9.4 billion proposal to cut funding for public broadcasting and foreign aid, opponents said Sen. Dan Sullivan’s negotiation with the Trump administration – which a spokesperson for Sullivan argued Tuesday night would preserve rural Alaska stations – would not be enough to save them, arguing it only amounted to a one-time check to Tribal public media stations.

“I think with a side deal like this, [with it] not in the underlying legislation, it is not going to be an amendment, so we are sort of relying on different sources both within Congress and the [Trump] administration to talk about what they’ve said they’ve agreed to,” Kate Riley, CEO and President of America’s Public Television Stations said.

But details of how the deal could potentially impact Alaska remain unclear.

Sullivan’s Tuesday night statement announcing the deal, from the senator’s spokesperson Amanda Coyne, did not clarify the framework of how the funding would be allocated.

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“Because of the importance of public radio for rural Alaska, for years Senator Sullivan has been an advocate for funding for our rural stations, and has been working for the last number of weeks with his Senate colleagues and senior White House officials on alternative sources of funding to help keep rural radio stations on the air,” Coyne said. “Today, the administration committed to continued funding to help support our most rural stations.”

“As I understand it, there are no officially recognized ‘tribal’ stations in Alaska,” Alaska Public Media President and CEO Ed Ulman told Alaska’s News Source Wednesday. “Only Koahnic Broadcasting Corporation, which operates KNBA, is owned and operated by Alaska Natives.”

Leading up to Wednesday’s debate, last month KNBA President and CEO Jaclyn Sallee released a joint statement with 11 other Alaska public media stations explaining the potential impact.

“KNBA 90.3, could lose nearly 25% of its annual revenue, leading to cuts in service including local Alaska Native news and emergency alerts. Our award-winning national Native programs, Native America Calling and National Native News, part of daily schedules on stations across Alaska, would experience an even greater loss – one from which they might not be able to recover,“ she said. ”More than 60 tribal stations we serve would be disproportionately impacted where they offer efficient emergency alerts and vital community connections.”

The deal, according to Riley’s numbers, would potentially mean Alaska having to split $9.4 million among 28 Tribal stations in eight other states. She said those cuts would come out of reallocated programs from the Department of the Interior.

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Senator Mike Rounds, R-South Dakota, who was also reportedly part of the negotiations with the White House, said on X yesterday that cuts from the Green New Deal would fund these Tribal stations.

“We wanted to make sure tribal broadcast services in South Dakota continued to operate which provide potentially lifesaving emergency alerts,” he said. “We worked with the Trump administration to find Green New Deal money that could be reallocated to continue grants to tribal radio stations without interruption.”

The funding, however, will not come in the way of additional legislation or an amendment to the president’s bill currently being discussed by the Senate. So far, Riley said, it only amounts to a Trump administration promise to provide support.

Though 28 Tribal stations would benefit from the promise, she added the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, where funds to local stations would be cut from, provides support to 36 Tribal stations. She did not know which 28 stations would be supported.

Riley said the “side deal” also left unanswered what happens to other rural community public media stations.

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“Those are not the only stations that serve native populations and there are many of our local stations that are providing service in communities where there are no other local media sources and no other broadcasters,” she said. “We think it’s critically important that all of those local station services be protected.”

Following America’s Public Television Station’s statement Wednesday, Alaska’s News Source reached out to Sullivan’s office who declined an interview.

When Alaska’s News Source first informed Alaska Public Media’s Ulman about Sullivan’s negotiation Tuesday, Ulman said he was “blindsided.”

“I can tell you for a fact that multiple folks in the state of Alaska have explained to the senator and his office how [public media] works and how [the Corporation for Public Broadcasting] is essential to ensuring that the 27 public media outlets in Alaska can remain in operation,” Ulman said. “So, this isn’t even a compromise. It’s just not gonna work.”

Ulman said Alaska stands to lose more than $30 million in federal funding over the next two years, if the bill is passed.

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″It’s a 20% cut to Alaska Public media’s operational budget. How do you run your household If you took a 20 Percent pay cut,” Ulman told Alaska’s News Source Wednesday. “Any type of cut that’s 50% or higher to an annual budget. You’re not the same organization and you can’t cut half of your operation and continue to really thrive.”

He added he’s concerned over how the promised funding to Alaska Native stations would be apportioned, and worried that hedging a bet on a promise from the Trump administration may be problematic.

“I want to see the details. If I were one of my colleagues, say in Petersburg, or in Talkeetna, (or in) Galena, I would want to know the deal. How is this really going to affect me?”

Sen. Lisa Murkowski, R-AK, told reporters in the halls of Congress Wednesday that the public media funding bill was crucial to Alaska.

“There has been probably no issue, no single issue, that has drawn out more interest across the state of Alaksa than support for public broadcasting,” she said. “I come from a state that is extraordinarily rural. I come from a state where access to other forms of information and communication may be limited. It may just come by way of your radio. Call it old school, it’s what we live in many parts of the state.”

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Murkowski was one of only three Republicans, including Sen. Susan Collins, R-ME, and Sen. Mitch McConnell, R-KY, who voted not to move forward with a vote, while Sullivan joined most other Republicans in voting to move forward on the bill.

“For years, in numerous meetings, Senator Sullivan has been consistently warning executives from public media entities, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and NPR that their biased programming and reporting, funded in part by the American taxpayer, would eventually jeopardize federal support for both national and local radio stations,” Coyne said.

As of publication, the Senate is voting on adding amendments to the legislation. If any amendments are approved by the legislature, the bill will be sent back to the House. The bill must pass Congress by Friday. Riley said she expected the vote to be close.

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