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Indiana’s bats are emerging from hibernation. Here’s why that’s a good thing

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Indiana’s bats are emerging from hibernation. Here’s why that’s a good thing


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Bats across Indiana are waking from hibernation and moving out of their caves in search of food.

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These flying mammals play a vital role in Indiana’s ecosystem and even its economy. Feeding on beetles, mosquitoes and moths, a single bat can eat half its body weight in insects each night, benefitting Hoosiers out for an evening stroll as well as farmers plagued with pests.

Benefits of Indiana’s bats

The Indiana Department of Natural Resources estimates bats save the country’s agriculture industry more than $3.7 billion each year by acting as a natural pesticide. Not only do they protect plants, but bats help propagate them. The bats in the state pollinate plants and spread seeds, helping sustain a diverse ecosystem.

The state is home to 13 bat species, some hanging around in trees while others finding caves and mines for shelter. Most cave bats in Indiana are listed as state endangered animal and face unprecedented death rates due to white nose syndrome. A majority of Indiana’s migratory tree bats are species of special concern.

What cave-dwelling bats are found in Indiana?

Big brown bat: One of the healthiest populations of bats in the state, big browns primarily roost in trees and structures during the winter and find caves, mines and other structures during the winter. These bats feed on insects and have an impressive 13-inch wingspan. (More: animaldiversity.org/accounts/Eptesicus_fuscus)

Gray bat: Listed as a federal and state endangered species, gray bats find summer and winter roosts in caves and mines. The greatest disturbance for these bats are humans disturbing hibernating colonies. (More: animaldiversity.org/accounts/Myotis_grisescens)

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Indiana bat: The first recorded Indiana bat was found in the state’s Wyandotte Cave. They’re listed as federal and state endangered, and in the summer roost in trees, and search for caves and mines in the winter. Habitat loss is one of the biggest threats to the species. (More: animaldiversity.org/accounts/Myotis_sodalis)

Little brown bat: These state endangered bats prefer three roosts: day, night and hibernation. These roosts vary depending on the ambient temperature and include anything from buildings and trees to under rocks and in piles of wood. (More: animaldiversity.org/accounts/Myotis_lucifugus)

Northern long-eared bat: These bats are listed as endangered in Indiana and face habitat loss due to timber harvesting. Insecticides are also affecting the food supply. These bats can be found roosting in trees during the summer and caves in the winter. (More: animaldiversity.org/accounts/Myotis_septentrionalis)

Tri-colored bat (pipistrelle): Heavily affected by white-nose syndrome, these bats are listed as a state endangered species. While the individual hairs on these bats are tri-colored, they mostly appear dark yellow. Tri-colored bats roost in trees in the summer and in caves during winter. (More: animaldiversity.org/accounts/Pipistrellus_subflavus)

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How has white-nose syndrome affected Indiana’s bats?

In 2009, the year before white-nose syndrome was discovered in the state, biologists counted about 220,315 hibernating bats. By 2020, that number dropped about 17% due to the disease.

Tri-colored bats saw the greatest death rate in that time frame, dropping from a population of 1,163 to only about 100. Little brown bat populations declined 89%, big brown bats dropped 47%, and Indiana bats saw the smallest effects, dropping 15%.

Latest research: White-nose syndrome is killing Indiana bats. Colder caves might save the vital bug eaters

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Here’s how to help Indiana’s bats

Installing bat boxes can help provide emergency shelters for bats that might need them when proper roosts are unavailable. Planting pollinator gardens are also going to help bat populations, as they support native insects that help sustain bat populations.

Karl Schneider is an IndyStar environment reporter. You can reach him at karl.schneider@indystar.com. Follow him on Twitter @karlstartswithk

IndyStar’s environmental reporting project is made possible through the generous support of the nonprofit Nina Mason Pulliam Charitable Trust.





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What to know about Indiana, Alabama football’s next CFP opponent

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What to know about Indiana, Alabama football’s next CFP opponent


Alabama football completed Step 1. The Crimson Tide beat Oklahoma 34-24 on Friday, earning its first College Football Playoff victory.

With the first round completed, UA has a tougher test ahead. No. 1 Indiana awaits in the Rose Bowl quarterfinal, on Jan. 1 in Pasadena. As Alabama celebrates its victory and begins to prepare, here’s what to know about the 13-0 Hoosiers.

The coach

To say that Curt Cignetti has done a good job at Indiana is perhaps college football’s largest understatement. Cignetti, who took over last season, has turned the Big Ten’s ultimate doormat into the nation’s top team.

Cignetti joined up from James Madison before the 2024 season. He immediately took a program that had grown stale under Tom Allen to the CFP, then turned around and did even better this year.

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“I just know that winning lifts all boats,” Cignetti said after the playoff field was announced. “In terms of fan support in the stadium, donations, all parts of the university, downtown when you pack the stadium, bring a lot of people to Bloomington, it helps their sales. A lot of pride in Hoosier Nation. The largest alumni base in America, over 800,000 people. I’d say right now the arrow is pointing up. We probably got a lot of momentum going in those kind of areas.”

Cignetti has a connection to Alabama as well. He worked as the Crimson Tide’s wide receivers coach and recruiting coordinator under Nick Saban from 2007 through 2011, helping set the groundwork for Saban’s dynasty in Tuscaloosa.

In addition to Indiana in James Madison, he was a head coach at Indiana University of Pennsylvania and Elon after leaving the Tide.

The quarterback

For the first time in program history, Indiana has a Heisman Trophy winner. Quarterback Fernando Mendoza beat out a group of finalists that included Vanderbilt’s Diego Pavia, Notre Dame’s Jeremiyah Love and Ohio State’s Julian Sayin.

Mendoza has thrown for 2,980 yards this season, with 33 touchdowns and six interceptions. He has completed 226 of his 316 passes so far.

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“Our focus right now is winning the College Football Playoff,” Mendoza told reporters Monday in Bloomington. “That’s what would make this trophy so much sweeter. I believe this trophy is a little bit of a push of confidence on us, on the team, that we’re making history for the IU team in history to be 13-0 and also to bring home a Heisman Trophy to Bloomington.”

The junior, who hails from Florida, transferred into Indiana from Cal this year. He spent two seasons in Berkeley before joining the Hoosiers.

The season

Indiana was the losingest program in the Football Bowl Subdivision entering this season. Some predicted it would be a step back for the Hoosiers, who lost several key players from last season’s playoff team.

Instead, IU won its first Big Ten title since 1967. It enters the CFP undefeated.

“I think that if we hooked everybody up in this room on a lie detector test and told them, hey, do you think Fernando Mendoza is going to win the Heisman this year and we’re going to be 13-0, Big Ten champs, the team has a lot of self-belief and unwavering belief, but I think it’s tough to make those predictions,” Mendoza said Monday.

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To cap off the season, Indiana, which had faced criticism for its strength of schedule throughout the year, pulled off a huge upset in Indianapolis. The Hoosiers beat then No. 1 Ohio State, earning the top seed in the CFP and a spot in the Rose Bowl.



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Indiana Horse of the Year of 2024 Demolisher Dies at 4

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Indiana Horse of the Year of 2024 Demolisher Dies at 4


Months after being named the 2024 Indiana Thoroughbred Owner’s and Breeder’s Association’s Horse of the Year for 2024, multiple stakes winner Demolisher was euthanized after a bout with laminitis.

“We went from the highest highs as Indiana Horse of the Year to the lowest low ever when we had to say goodbye,” said Resia Ayres, who bred and raced Demolisher with husband Ken.

Unraced at 2, Demolisher proved worth the wait as he won the first five starts of his career in 2024, topped by stakes wins in the Governor’s Handicap and the To Much Coffee Handicap. All five of those wins came at Horseshoe Indianapolis. He closed out the season with an unplaced start in the Bryan Station Stakes (G3T) at Keeneland.

In March the son of Dominus was honored as ITOBA’s top Indiana-bred 3-year-old male and its Horse of the Year.

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“It’s about as high as we ever expected to have any of our horses,” Ken Ayres said at the time. “It’s hard to put words to it. Obviously, we’re super excited about it.”

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Some Indiana lawmakers ponder taking up marijuana debate after Trump’s reclassification order – Indianapolis Business Journal

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Some Indiana lawmakers ponder taking up marijuana debate after Trump’s reclassification order – Indianapolis Business Journal


For several years, the common refrain among some state lawmakers has been that they had no desire to tackle the issue until the federal government reclassified the drug. That argument will be removed if the president’s order receives federal regulatory approval as directed.



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