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How can you spot fake news online?

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How can you spot fake news online?

False claims about ballot manipulation spread across social media during the 2025 German elections, raising concerns about the fast impact of misinformation online and how internet users can better protect themselves.

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Recent global and geopolitical events have prompted an increasingly large avalanche of false narratives and fake news both in Europe and beyond.

While the US faces a stream of dubious claims made by President Donald Trump and Tesla CEO Elon Musk, the European continent is also under the constant threat of disinformation.

For example, during and since Germany’s recent federal election, social media was full of misleading posts about election fraud, with some viral posts claiming that the name of the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) candidate was missing from the Leipzig ballot.

 However, Leipzig officials quickly debunked the claim, saying all ballots were printed the same way, making such changes impossible.

This is just a sample of the false narratives and disinformation campaigns that Europeans and others have to deal with on a daily basis.

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It’s increasingly important that we know how to spot and protect ourselves against the flood of fake news, so how can we do so?

EuroVerify spoke to experts who shared their three top tips for spotting and avoiding misinformation online.

#1: Watch for Red Flag stock phrases

Certain cliché phrases are a strong indicator that certain claims may not be what they seem, according to Marc Owen Jones, professor of media analytics at Northwestern University in Qatar.

“Rhetorical techniques are very strong giveaways and things that [misleading posts] might say like ‘Western media isn’t telling you’, or things that ‘the mainstream media is not telling you’… These are red flags”, says Jones. 

These statements often appear during decisive events, like elections, or in war-related posts, influencing users’ opinions and behaviour. 

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For Robert Rajczyk, professor at the Institute of Journalism and Media Communication at the University of Silesia in Katowice, social media and its driven algorithm tools can not only shape but also polarise users’ opinions. 

“The more controversial content user consumes, the more content of this type is being offered to internet users,” he said. “So we will hear mainly what we want to hear or what we ourselves believe in.”

#2: Look carefully for AI-generated misinformation

Another significant concern is the use of AI-generated content, which makes it even harder for users to differentiate between real and fake information. 

Jones said that while deepfakes and AI-generated images can look incredibly realistic, there are key ways to identify them. 

“Sometimes you get artefacts where the ears are not symmetrical, or it’s not very good at generating earrings,” said Jones. “You might look closely and see that if they don’t have glasses there might be glasses stems near the ear.” 

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These are not “foolproof” methods to recognise fake content, according to Jones, but he said that the main warning signs to identify AI-generated visuals and text can be very similar. 

“It’s about manipulation, it’s about trying to inflame the emotions because when our emotions are inflamed, we’re more likely to share something and it’s more likely to go viral. This is the danger of AI,” Jones said.

#3: Double-check your sources

With so many different stories online, fact-checking is key. Ike Picone, professor of media and journalism studies at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, stressed the importance of media literacy beyond just recognising misinformation.

“When it comes to specific forms of literacy and news literacy, one of the key aspects is understanding how news works,” said Picone. “Because when you understand how news works, you can identify, for example, why certain traditional news media might also be susceptible to a certain bias.”

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Although the techniques to recognise bias can vary, for Picone it can also come from a much simpler method, such as checking for others’ opinions. 

“Ask your parents, ask your friends, ‘do you think this is real? Do you believe it?’”, he said. 

Rajczyk stressed a similar need for media literacy and how crucial it is to compare news from multiple sources. 

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“Watch mainstream media, verify information with reading, watching and listening to other mainstream media,” Rajczyk said.

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“If we haven’t got a proper education and we don’t know the real historical context, we will be much less resilient to such content,” he added.

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Video: Nowhere Feels Safe As Israel Strikes Heart of Beirut

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Video: Nowhere Feels Safe As Israel Strikes Heart of Beirut

new video loaded: Nowhere Feels Safe As Israel Strikes Heart of Beirut

When a residential building in downtown Beirut was destroyed by an Israeli airstrike, Samira Osseili fled with her family in the middle of the night. She’s now living in fear with 12 other relatives in her small apartment, knowing that another strike could come at any moment.

By Simona Foltyn, Adrian Hartrick, Michael Anthony Adams and Caroline Kim

March 26, 2026

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US troops brace for ‘hit-and-run’ guerilla attacks as 82nd Airborne deploys to Iran, military analyst warns

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US troops brace for ‘hit-and-run’ guerilla attacks as 82nd Airborne deploys to Iran, military analyst warns

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Iran could significantly increase U.S. casualties if its elite military and proxy forces shift to guerrilla-style hit-and-run attacks in the region, a leading military analyst has warned.

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Michael Eisenstadt of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy spoke as the Pentagon moved elements of the Army’s 82nd Airborne Division into the Middle East amid a new escalation in the conflict, according to reports.

“Iran has large infantry units in its military that are equivalent to the brigade combat team of the 82nd Airborne,” Eisenstadt, a former U.S. Army Reserve officer, told Fox News Digital.

“The 82nd Force is too small to cause significant harm to Iran, but it is large enough to be vulnerable to Iranian strikes, and this would enable Iran to significantly increase U.S. casualties,” he said.

HEGSETH WARNS ‘MORE CASUALTIES’ EXPECTED IN OPERATION EPIC FURY AGAINST IRAN

The 82nd Airborne Division deployment to the Middle East is intended to pressure Iran into accepting U.S. ceasefire terms, military analyst Michael Eisenstadt says. (Sarah Blake Morgan/AP Photo)

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Eisenstadt, who has worked as a U.S. government military analyst, claimed that, even if major conventional operations begin to wind down in the Middle East region, the danger may only evolve rather than disappear.

“We could see an end to major combat operations, with activity shifting to guerrilla-style hit-and-run attacks in the Gulf and other gray-zone activities by Iran,” he said.

“Think of the aftermath of the 1991 Gulf War with Iraq, in which we had to contain the Iraqis for a decade after a very successful war.”

US COULD TAKE IRAN’S MAIN OIL EXPORT HUB ‘AT A TIME OF OUR CHOOSING,’ JACK KEANE SAYS

Naval units from Iran and Russia simulate the rescue of a hijacked vessel during joint drills, Feb. 19, at the Port of Bandar Abbas in Hormozgan, Iran. (Iranian Army/Handout/Anadolu via Getty Images)

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Fox News chief national security correspondent Jennifer Griffin reported Wednesday that the U.S. has ordered the deployment of an additional 82nd Airborne forces to the region.

The contingent is expected to include Maj. Gen. Brandon R. Tegtmeier, the division commander, elements of his headquarters staff, and infantry battalions from the division’s Immediate Response Force. 

Officials also indicated that the total number of troops ultimately sent could still change.

Eisenstadt said this new deployment is intended to increase pressure on Tehran as the U.S. pushes for new ceasefire terms, set in place by President Donald Trump.

WINNING THE BATTLES, LOSING THE WAR? AMERICA MUST DEFINE THE ENDGAME IN IRAN

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President Donald Trump speaks with the media before boarding Air Force One, Monday, at Palm Beach International Airport in West Palm Beach, Fla. (Mark Schiefelbein/AP Photo)

“This deployment is intended to create leverage over Iran and pressure it to accept U.S. terms for a ceasefire agreement. It would also create military options if Iran rejects those terms,” he said.

In that scenario, he said, the 82nd could potentially operate alongside Marine expeditionary units in operations to seize and hold terrain, including Kharg Island, located roughly 20 miles off Iran’s Gulf coast.

U.S. forces struck military targets there March 13, destroying more than 90 Iranian military sites while deliberately sparing key oil infrastructure, according to multiple reports.

IRAN’S REMAINING WEAPONS: HOW TEHRAN CAN STILL DISRUPT THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ

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Satellite view of Kharg Island, located in the Persian Gulf off the coast of Iran.  (Gallo Images/Orbital Horizon/Copernicus Sentinel Data 2024)

“The brigade combat team of the 82nd could work with the 11th and 31st MEUs, or independently, to seize and hold terrain — such as Kharg Island,” Eisenstadt said.

“This would provide leverage over Iran by denying it the ability to export oil and helping end the war on terms favorable to the U.S.”

“There are risks involved though, because Iranian units on the mainland could bombard Kharg Island and inflict casualties on U.S. troops there also,” Eisenstadt said.

JACK KEANE WARNS CEASEFIRE WITH IRAN WOULD ‘PLAY RIGHT INTO THEIR HANDS’ AS TRUMP SIGNALS DEAL PROGRESS

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President Donald Trump warned on Saturday that the U.S. could strike Iranian power plants if the Strait of Hormuz is not reopened. (Aaron Schwartz/UPI/Bloomberg via Getty Images; Gallo Images/Orbital Horizon/Copernicus Sentinel Data 2025 via Getty Images)

The latest military buildup comes as the conflict that began with Operation Epic Fury on Feb. 28, has also centered on the Strait of Hormuz, with Iran restricting access.

“The 82nd deployment is intended to increase psychological pressure on Iran and support efforts to reopen the Strait of Hormuz so it can once again be used by all countries,” Eisenstadt explained.

The 82nd Airborne is one of the U.S. military’s premier rapid-response units, trained to parachute into hostile or contested territory to secure key ground and airfields.

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Portions of the division have also spent recent days at the Joint Readiness Training Center, sharpening infiltration, surveillance, combat and resupply skills, Axios reported.

“Iranian military officials have welcomed news of the dispatch of these units to the Gulf because it potentially creates options for them to impose costs on the U.S.,” Eisenstadt said.

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Escalation in the Middle East – Not Europe’s war? MEPs in the Ring

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Escalation in the Middle East – Not Europe’s war? MEPs in the Ring

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Imagine a former five-star army general in the same room as an anti-war activist? That is what we witness on this latest edition of The Ring, Euronews’ weekly debate show.

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Riho Terras, an Estonian general and centre-right MEP, went face-to-face with far-left Turkish-born German MEP Özlem Demirel on the role of the EU in the ongoing war in the Middle East.

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As the conflict enters its fourth week, EU leaders have called for “de-escalation, the protection of civilians, and restraint,” while avoiding direct involvement. But the question of whether Brussels should take a stronger stance has exposed deep divisions.

“We know from history that military means and wars never brought democracy to this region,” Demirel said, adding starkly: “Bombs fall, the stock markets rise, people die.”

Riho Terras disagreed and took a more security-focused line, defending the need for military strength in global politics. “Nobody listens to somebody who does not have military means,” he argued, stressing that diplomacy alone is insufficient without power behind it.

This episode of The Ring is anchored by Méabh Mc Mahon, produced by Luis Albertos and Amaia Echevarria, and edited by Vassilis Glynos.

Watch The Ring on Euronews TV or in the player above and send us your views by writing to thering@euronews.com

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