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Alaska’s Climate-Driven Fisheries Collapse Is Devastating Indigenous Communities

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“Fishing is greater than merely having means to fill the pantry with my favourite meals,” says U.S. Consultant Mary Peltola (D-AK), the primary Alaska Native (Yup’ik) in Congress.

Like so many Alaska Natives, Peltola grew up fishing for salmon together with her household for subsistence.

“On the Kuskokwim, infants teethe on dried salmon strips,” she mentioned. “Individuals eat salmon nearly any method you possibly can consider—dried, smoked, jarred, frozen. It’s heartbreaking to witness the crash of salmon populations in river methods we’ve been in a position to depend on so long as I can bear in mind.”

So when king crab, snow crab, and Yukon River salmon fisheries all collapsed final yr, it hit Peltola’s group, and all Indigenous communities in Alaska, arduous. And whereas these climate-related catastrophes might sound a world away from the Decrease 48, they function a harrowing harbinger of what’s to return.

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“The complete world is related by oceans, and with extra shoreline than all the opposite states mixed—greater than 46,600 miles—Alaska’s oceans are in some ways America’s oceans,” says Peltola. “Marine ecosystems are the bedrock of our meals provide, whether or not you eat fish or not. However should you do, round 60 p.c of seafood harvested on this nation comes from Alaska’s waters.”

“The complete world is related by oceans, and with extra shoreline than all the opposite states mixed, Alaska’s oceans are in some ways America’s oceans.”

The difficulty began in late 2013, when a large patch of heat ocean water dubbed “the Blob” developed within the Gulf of Alaska, rising sea floor temperatures by as a lot as 7° F. Inside two years, it had enveloped your complete West Coast, stretching greater than 4 million sq. kilometers from Alaska to Mexico earlier than finally splitting into three distinct plenty.

The impacts to Alaska’s fisheries have been colossal. Poisonous algae blooms shaped. Krill populations plummeted, inflicting ripple results for pollock and different fish depending on this meals supply. Gulf of Alaska pink salmon and Pacific cod fisheries collapsed, with cod biomass down 79 p.c from 2013 to 2017. Fish migration patterns modified, with some shifting a whole lot of miles north whereas uncharacteristic warm-water species, like skipjack tuna, moved into Alaskan waters. All of the upheaval is being felt by the state’s residents, who depend on this work and certainly this meals for his or her livelihoods.

However like so many local weather emergencies, the implications have been removed from easy. The place some species suffered, others have thrived. For instance, Bristol Bay sockeye salmon manufacturing has not too long ago hit report highs, serving to hold the state’s fisheries afloat throughout a time of large disruption.

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Whereas for local weather scientists and fisheries managers, the continuing results are arduous to foretell—they’re poised to eternally change Alaska’s foodways, industries, and lifestyle.

Disruptions and Their Impacts

Scientists are assured the warming of Alaskan ecosystems will proceed and advise the individuals concerned in Alaskan fisheries—and people consuming their merchandise—to count on many extra disruptions, says Mike Litzow, a program supervisor at NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Middle and a director at Kodiak Lab.

“Just about any fishery in Alaska ought to take into account itself on discover when it comes to potential vulnerabilities to local weather change,” Litzow mentioned. “The issue is understanding when and the way these impacts are going to play out.”

“Just about any fishery in Alaska ought to take into account itself on discover when it comes to potential vulnerabilities to local weather change.”

The problems transcend simply the Blob and differ drastically throughout Alaska’s 663,300 sq. miles. “The very quickly altering ocean atmosphere, and in flip the thinning and altering seasonality of sea ice, is a giant downside for all of Western and Northern Alaska,” explains Rick Thoman, local weather specialist on the College of Alaska–Fairbanks’ Alaska Middle for Local weather Evaluation and Coverage.

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“For mainland Alaska, thawing permafrost goes to trigger main points, significantly associated to infrastructure like roads and buildings,” he continued.

“Then in Southeast Alaska, the warming ocean waters have prolonged the season and prompted the presence of an invasive crab species, which might have a big effect on the marine ecosystem there,” he says. This extremely aggressive predator poses a menace to native species and habitats, in response to NOAA, together with presumably decimating shellfish populations, outcompeting native crabs, and lowering eelgrass and salt marsh habitats.





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Alaska

‘Prolonged’ internet outage in North Slope & Northwest: Quintillion blames optic cable break

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‘Prolonged’ internet outage in North Slope & Northwest: Quintillion blames optic cable break


ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) – The president of Quintilian blamed an optic cable break for a North Slope & Northwest Alaska internet outage that will take an undefined amount of time to fix.

“It appears there was a subsea fiber optic cable break near Oliktok Point, and the outage will be prolonged,” Quintillion President Michael “Mac” McHale said in a short statement provided by a company spokesperson. “We are working with our partners and customers on alternative solutions.”

The statement mirrored what the company released Saturday morning on social media.

So far, the company has not provided a specific timeline for the repair’s next steps.

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See a spelling or grammar error? Report it to web@ktuu.com



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Opinion: Alaska’s court system has had solutions for expensive, unnecessary delays since 2009. What’s lacking is accountability.

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Opinion: Alaska’s court system has had solutions for expensive, unnecessary delays since 2009. What’s lacking is accountability.


As a former prosecutor, I was shocked and saddened to read reporter Kyle Hopkins’ recent reporting in the Anchorage Daily News and ProPublica on pervasive, unconstitutional, heartbreaking delays of violent felony cases. Judges granting continuances 50 to 70 times over seven to 10 years — with “typically” no opposition from the prosecution, and no mention of the victims. Victims and their families suffering years before the closure that a trial can bring, some even dying during the delays.

Hopkins’ reporting is recent. The problem isn’t. The Office of Victims’ Rights (OVR) has been covering delays for years in annual reports to the Legislature, beginning in 2014. In 2018, after monitoring nearly 200 cases, OVR said judges were mostly to blame.

Other causes have been noted: understaffed public defender and prosecutor offices; the incentive for defendants to delay because witnesses’ memories fade. But in 2019, OVR said, “It is up to the judges to control the docket, to adhere to standing court orders, to follow the law and to protect victims’ rights as well as defendants’ rights.”

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In 1994, 86% of Alaskans who voted supported a crime victims’ rights ballot. That overwhelming mandate was enshrined in our state constitution. It includes victims’ “right to timely disposition of the case.” For years, Anchorage Superior Court judges have ignored this right.

After reading the recent coverage, I began searching. Maybe other jurisdictions had found solutions to similar delays. What I discovered shocked me even more.

In 2008, a working group co-chaired by an Alaska Supreme Court justice determined the average time to disposition for felony cases in Anchorage had nearly quadrupled. “This finding amounted to a ‘call to arms’ for improvements …(.)”

In November 2008, the state paid to send three judges, two court personnel, the Anchorage district attorney, the deputy attorney general and three public defenders to a workshop in Arizona about causes of delays, and solutions. David Steelman was a presenter. He worked with the Alaska group in Phoenix and Anchorage. That work resulted in a 59-page report dated March 2009.

I found Steelman’s report online (“Improving Criminal Caseflow Management in the Alaska Superior Court in Anchorage”). His findings are revealing.

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Delays resulted from informal attitudes, concerns and practices of the court, prosecutors and public defense lawyers. To change this “culture of continuances,” it was critical the court exercise leadership and the attorneys commit to change. Judges and the public-sector lawyers must recognize they were all responsible for making prudent use of the finite resources provided by taxpayers. Unnecessary delays wasted resources.

Steelman recommended the judges and lawyers agree to individual performance measurements, and the court engage in ongoing evaluation of his Caseflow Improvement Plan. The plan included a “Continuance Policy for Anchorage Felony Cases.”

I found an unsigned Anchorage court order dated May 1, 2009. It included Steelman’s Continuance Policy recommendation that the court log every requested continuance in the court file, name the party requesting it, the reasons given, whether the continuance was granted, and the delay incurred if it was granted.

More telling, it omitted Steelman’s recommendation that, “Every six months, the chief criminal judge shall report to the Presiding Judge on the number of continuances requested and granted during the previous period(.)”

That provision might have ensured accountability.

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After years of only bad news, in 2018, OVR reported a glimmer of “good news” — a pre-trial delay working group was formed by Anchorage Presiding Judge Morse and the court system. In September 2018, Judge Morse issued a Felony Pre-Trial Order. Its goals included reducing delays of felony case dispositions and minimizing the number of calendaring hearings. (Sound familiar?)

But, OVR added, “The real test will be whether judges will hold to the new plan and hold parties accountable for delays. The jury is out on whether the will to change is actually present, but the court ultimately will be responsible for improving this problem unless the legislature steps in and passes new laws to resolve this continuing violation of victims’ rights.”

The jury has been out since 2009. The court failed that test. Based on the ADN/ProPublica reporting, the court failed the test of 2018. Things are worse than ever.

And the court’s response? A spokesperson told Kyle Hopkins there was “new” training for judges on managing case flows, as well as an Anchorage presiding judge’s order limiting when postponements may be used. (Sound familiar?)

I also reached out to the court. I requested documentation of this “new” training and a copy of the latest order. I also asked about the unsigned May 2009 court order. I’ve received no response. Similarly, when Hopkins reached out to Anchorage Superior Court judges, none of the criminal docket judges responded directly.

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There are two things courts and judges will respond to: their budget and retention elections.

First, the Alaska Senate and House Judiciary and Finance Committees should hold the court system accountable for its proposed budget. Require it to cost out delays from past years. According to a 2011 report by Steelman, just two Anchorage cases (each with over 70 scheduling hearings), “(M)ay have cost the State of Alaska the full-time equivalent of an extra prosecutor or public defender attorney.”

The court system has proven, since 2008, it can’t be trusted to not waste money on unnecessary delays. It must finally be held accountable by the Legislature.

Second, retention elections. Superior Court judges are appointed by the governor, but they must stand election for retention by the voters every six years. The Alaska Judicial Council evaluates each judge before their election and makes that information public. The council incorporates surveys of attorneys, law enforcement, child services professionals, court employees and jurors.

The Judicial Council does not survey victims, or those who assist them, such as OVR or Victims for Justice. It should. Other than the defendant, victims are the only ones with a constitutional right to a speedy trial. That right is being ignored by judges. Alaska voters who issued a mandate should know which judges are ignoring it.

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Val Van Brocklin is a former state and federal prosecutor in Alaska who now trains and writes on criminal justice topics nationwide.

The views expressed here are the writer’s and are not necessarily endorsed by the Anchorage Daily News, which welcomes a broad range of viewpoints. To submit a piece for consideration, email commentary(at)adn.com. Send submissions shorter than 200 words to letters@adn.com or click here to submit via any web browser. Read our full guidelines for letters and commentaries here.





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Seattle offers much more than a connection hub for Alaska flyers

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Seattle offers much more than a connection hub for Alaska flyers


Lately I’ve spent too much time at the Seattle airport and not enough time exploring the Emerald City.

It’s not just about downtown Seattle, either. I’ve been catching up with friends in the area and we shared stories about visiting the nearby San Juan Islands or taking the Victoria Clipper up to Vancouver Island (bring your passport).

There are some seasonal events, though, that make a trip to Seattle more compelling.

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First on the list is Seattle Museum Month. Every February, area museums team up with local hotels to offer half-price admission.

There is a catch. To get the half-price admission, stay at a downtown hotel. There are 70 hotels from which to choose. Even if you just stay for one night, you can get a pass which offers up to four people half-price admission.

It’s very difficult to visit all of the museums on the list. Just visiting the Seattle Art Museum, right downtown near Pike Place Market, can take all day. There’s a special exhibit now featuring the mobiles of Alexander Calder and giant wood sculptures of artist Thaddeus Mosley.

But there are many ongoing exhibits at SAM, as the museum is affectionately known. Rembrandt’s etchings, an exhibit from northern Australia, an intricate porcelain sculpture from Italian artist Diego Cibelli, African art, Native American art and so much more is on display.

It’s worth the long walk to the north of Pike Place Market to visit the Olympic Sculpture Park, a free outdoor exhibition by SAM featuring oversized works, including a giant Calder sculpture. The sweeping views of Elliott Bay and the mountains on the Olympic Peninsula are part of the package.

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My other favorite art museum is the Burke Museum at the University of Washington. What I remember most about the Burke Museum is its rich collection of Northwest Native art.

But the term “museum” covers an incredible array of collections. A visit to the Chihuly Garden and Glass Museum is a chance to see the most fanciful creations of renowned glass blower Dale Chihuly. It’s right next to the Space Needle.

You have to go up to the top and see the new renovations.

“They took out most of the restaurant,” said Sydney Martinez, public relations manager for Visit Seattle.

“Then they replaced the floor with glass. Plus, they took the protective wires off from around the Observation Deck and put up clear glass for an uninterrupted view,” she said.

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If you visit the Space Needle in February, there’s hardly ever a line!

Getting from the airport to downtown is easy with the light rail system. There’s a terminal adjacent to the parking garage in the airport. The one-way fare for the 38-minute train ride is $3. From downtown, there are streetcars that go up Capitol Hill and down to Lake Union.

Martinez encourages travelers to check out the Transit Go app.

“All of the buses require exact change and sometimes that’s a hassle,” she said. “Just add finds to your app using a credit card and show the driver when you get on.”

Pike Place Market is a downtown landmark in Seattle. Fresh produce, the famous fish market, specialty retailers and restaurants — there’s always something going on. Now there’s even more to see.

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Following the destruction of the waterfront freeway and the building of the tunnel, the Seattle Waterfront project has made great strides on its revitalization plan. The latest milestone is the opening of the Overlook Walk.

The Seattle Waterfront project encompasses much more than the new waterfront steps. Landscaping, pedestrian crossings and parks still are being constructed. But you cannot miss the beautiful staircase that comes down from Pike Place Market to the waterfront.

“There’s a really large patio at the top overlooking Elliott Bay,” said Martinez. “The stairs go down to the waterfront from there, but there also are elevators.”

Tucked under one wall is a completely new exhibit from the Seattle Aquarium, which is right across the street on the water. The Ocean Pavilion features an exhibit on the “Indo-Pacific ecosystem in the Coral Triangle.” I want to see this for myself!

Wine lovers love Washington wines. And Seattle shows up to showcase the increasing variety of wines available around the state. Taste Washington brings the region’s food and wines together for an event in mid-March.

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Hosted by the WAMU Center near the big sports stadiums, Taste Washington features 200 wineries and 75 restaurants for tastings, pairings and demonstrations. There are special tastings, special dinners (plus a Sunday brunch) and special demonstrations between March 13 and 17.

There’s another regionwide feasting event called Seattle Restaurant Week, where participating restaurants offer a selected dinner for a set price. No dates are set yet, but Martinez said it usually happens both in the spring and the fall.

It’s not downtown, but it’s worth going to Boeing Field to see the Museum of Flight. This ever-expanding museum features exhibits on World War I and II, in addition to the giant main hall where there are dozens of planes displayed. I love getting up close to the world’s fastest plane, the black SR-71 Blackbird. But take the elevated walkway across the street to see the Concorde SST, an older version of Air Force 1 (a Boeing 707) and a Lockheed Constellation.

One of the most interesting exhibits is the Space Shuttle Trainer — used to train the astronauts here on the ground. There’s an amazing array of space-related exhibits. Don’t miss it.

Some travelers come to Seattle for sports. Take in home games from the Seattle Kraken hockey team or the Seattle Sounders soccer team this winter.

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Other travelers come to see shows. Moore Theatre is hosting Lyle Lovett on Feb. 19 and Anoushka Shankar on March 13. Joe Bonamassa is playing at the Climate Pledge Area on Feb. 16. There are dozens of live music venues throughout the area.

It’s easy to get out of town to go on a bigger adventure. The Victoria Clipper leaves from the Seattle Waterfront for Victoria’s Inner Harbour each day, starting Feb. 16. If you want faster passage, fly back on Kenmore Air to Lake Union.

The Washington State Ferries offer great service from downtown Seattle to the Olympic Peninsula. Or, drive north to Anacortes and take the ferry to the San Juan Islands. Or, just drive north to Mukilteo and catch a short ferry over to Whidbey Island.

There are fun events all year in Seattle. But I’m circling February on the calendar for Museum Month. Plus, I need to see that grand staircase from Pike Place Market down to the water!





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