The marketing campaign to alter the Massachusetts Structure to create a brand new surtax on earnings in extra of $1 million formally kicked off Wednesday, escalating an long-simmering battle that is been brewing since 2015.

The Truthful Share Modification, which can be known as the millionaires’ tax, will go earlier than voters as a poll query this fall. If handed, it might impose an extra tax of 4% on earnings over the million-dollar mark. The following income could be used to fund investments in transportation and schooling.

Not like many different states, Massachusetts at present taxes all earnings ranges on the similar 5% charge. Earlier makes an attempt to amend the structure to create a graduated earnings tax have failed, most just lately in 1994, when two-thirds of voters rejected the thought.

In a Zoom kickoff occasion for the millionaires’ tax, proponents indicated that they are possible to make use of the state’s expertise through the COVID-19 pandemic to make their case for taxing greater incomes at an elevated charge.

The Rev. Ann-Marie Illsley, a pastor at Christ Congregational Church in Brockton, praised the efforts of important employees resembling private care attendants and grocery retailer staff through the pandemic, and solid passing the proposed modification as a option to reward their sacrifices.

“Within the hardest moments of the pandemic, they stepped as much as guarantee that our communities had what they wanted,” Illsley mentioned. “Our important employees have been placing of their fair proportion, and so they proceed to. However these of us and their communities have wants additionally — wants for better-funded faculty methods and elevated coaching alternatives, improved infrastructure.”

Worcester Metropolis Councilor Khrystian King mentioned the modification would increase roughly $1.3 billion by requiring the state’s wealthiest residents to make a comparatively small monetary sacrifice.

“You are speaking about of us that make round $20,000 per week — per week, $20,000,” King mentioned. “These of us are going to should pay an extra $31 per week.”

An evaluation earlier this yr by Tufts College’s Middle for State Coverage Evaluation additionally mentioned the modification would increase about $1.3 billion, and located that it might achieve this “in a extremely progressive manner more likely to advance racial and financial fairness.” Nevertheless, the evaluation warned that there might be a “disproportionate impact on state coffers” if just some of the state’s wealthiest residents transfer out of the commonwealth to keep away from a brand new surtax, and that the shift to hybrid and distant work might result in extra residents relocating than beforehand anticipated.

Supporters of the proposed modification had deliberate to put it earlier than voters in 2018, however the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court docket dominated on the time that the hassle, which relied on the state’s initiative-petition course of, did not meet particular constitutional necessities.

On this electoral cycle, supporters circumvented a doable repeat problem by utilizing the referendum course of, which is pushed by legislative assist quite than citizen signatures. In Constitutional Conventions in 2019 and 2021, the Massachusetts Home and Senate voted overwhelmingly in favor of advancing the measure to the poll this yr.

Now, opponents are asking the Supreme Judicial Court docket to amend Lawyer Normal Maura Healey’s description of the proposed modification to convey that the funds raised may not result in the spending will increase advocates promise.

Andrew Farnitano, a spokesperson for Increase Up Massachusetts, which helps the modification, insisted Wednesday that concern is misplaced.

“Dedicating the funding from the Truthful Share Modification within the textual content of the structure is the strongest doable manner to make sure that it goes to transportation and public schooling,” he mentioned. “That’s an iron-clad dedication that the funds raised by this modification have to be spent on these two areas.”

An Supreme Judicial Court docket ruling on the problem to Healey’s abstract is predicted within the coming weeks.

When Farnitano was requested if the Legislature may diminish spending drawn from different sources if the modification passes, resulting in smaller-than-advertised new investments in schooling and transportation, he prompt that such maneuvering could be politically dangerous.

“If you take a look at the phrases that they’ve mentioned and the commitments they’ve laid out, it is clear that their intention is to spend extra on schooling and transportation,” Farnitano mentioned. “And we’ll maintain them to that.”

Towards the shut of Wednesday’s occasion, marketing campaign supervisor Jeron Mariani acknowledged that supporters of the proposed modification have already been campaigning for months.

“We have been on the market knocking on doorways, open-air canvassing at rallies, making telephone calls,” he mentioned.

“That is solely going to proceed,” Mariani added. “And a method that we’re persevering with it’s that this very weekend we’re launching seven canvasses — seven totally different cities, all throughout the commonwealth.”

Mariani additionally introduced the launch of a brand new web site, fairsharema.com, which he described as a “hub for tips on how to get plugged into the marketing campaign … to be an lively member of this motion.”