Connect with us

Finance

Campaign finance in the US looks transparent, but may not be really so

Published

on

Campaign finance in the US looks transparent, but may not be really so

THE FINANCING OF electoral campaigns in the US happens at the federal, state and local levels. It has various components that ensure transparency. Sources of funding include individual contributors (max $2,800), political action committees (max $5,000) and super public action committees (no limit but they cannot deal directly with candidates).

The Republican National Committee and Democratic National Committee are primarily responsible for raising and spending money for political campaigns. Both the RNC and DNC are registered with the Federal Election Commission, which is an independent agency that monitors campaign finance. Candidates can also organise fundraising events where attendees have to donate money. That apart, online fundraising happens through social media. There are even merchandise sales. Apparently, Trump merch sales were burgeoning following an assassination attempt on him.

The contribution rules in the US clearly state that a campaign donor has to be a US citizen or lawfully admitted permanent resident. The campaign “does not accept contributions from corporations… unions, federal government contractors, national banks, those registered as federal lobbyists or… foreign nationals….”

The Federal Election Commission, created in 1975, ensures that candidates and party committees disclose sources, amounts of contributions and how they are spent. The FEC has six commissioners appointed by the president and confirmed by the senate. Only three commissioners can be from the same political party and all resolutions require at least four votes in agreement.

Sree Sreenivasan

Advertisement

Before the FEC was formed, campaign contributions were mostly done covertly. Candidates, back then, used to depend on large donations to fund their campaigns. In the early 1970s the Watergate scandal shook American politics. President Richard Nixon was accused of letting five men break into the Democratic Party headquarters to steal documents. It led to his resignation and paved the way for the FEC Act, which marked a major shift in campaign finance.

On an individual level, the campaign finance system in the US is very effective. The problem is, the supreme court has made it very difficult to go after what is called dark money, which is generated and raised by companies, corporations and special interests. – Sree Sreenivasan, former professor at Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism

In the last few years, the Democrats and the Republicans brought in campaign finance bills, but none of them became law. In 2010, the Supreme Court lifted a ban on corporate and union expenditures for the election or defeat of candidates. Interestingly, the court ruling also brought in super PACs, which are criticised for not having any limit on contributions and for lack of transparency.

“On an individual level, the campaign finance system in the US is very effective,” Sree Sreenivasan, former professor at Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism and former chief digital officer of Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, told THE WEEK. “The problem is, the Supreme Court has made it very difficult to go after what is called dark money, which is generated and raised by companies, corporations and special interests. Those make a big difference in the success of candidates big and small.”

Sreenivasan said even though there is excitement over Harris raising $200 million in a short time, “it is a drop in the bucket to how much money they will need. There are unlimited pockets on both sides. Corporations and special interests are much bigger, and better organised and more powerful on the Republican side.”

Advertisement

According to the research group Open Secrets, the top donor for Trump in 2024 is Timothy Mellon of the Pittsburgh banking family who lives in Connecticut. He has donated $75 million for Trump in this cycle. SpaceX CEO Elon Musk, it is said, has privately gathered support for Trump. His money could come in handy in the swing states.

Harris, on the other hand, has personal rapport with many tech leaders at Amazon, Alphabet, Microsoft and Apple. She also has the support of philanthropist Melinda French Gates, Netflix co-founder Reed Hastings, Reid Hoffman of Linkedin, and former Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg. “She has smashed record over record. The majority in her case are first-time and small donors,” Manu Bhagavan, a historian based in New York, told THE WEEK. “I believe she will continue to draw in money to her campaign because it is being excellently run.”

It remains to be seen whether there is donor fatigue, especially in the case of Trump admirers. His legal fund, which pays his lawyers battling out cases against him across the country, is getting millions from his campaign’s biggest donors. So that may prevent small donors from donating for Trump, as they fear their money will be used for his cases. “I don’t think there is any donor fatigue. Both candidates will raise a lot of money in the days to come,” said Ashok Kumar Mago, a Texas based businessman who is a Padma Shri recipient.

Some billionaires have become more vocal for Trump after the assassination attempt, but that kind of fervour is not reflected in their donations. “The assassination attempt had a huge impact the following days,” said Sreenivasan. “It looked as if Trump would easily win against Biden. But he is no longer against Biden. With a new candidate, the entire race has changed. The 100-plus days that are left is an indication on how fast things can move. Huge roller-coaster and seismic changes are going to come.”

Noting that Harris could raise over $200 million within a day, Kevin Olickal, Democratic representative in the 16th district of the Illinois house of representatives, said to THE WEEK, “This renewed optimism and energy in the party is exactly what was missing. The fundraising and volunteer mobilisation sparked by Harris has a psychological effect, and has forced the Republicans into defence. They now have to change their campaign strategy to focus on a candidate who is younger.”

Advertisement

“Going forward, money will not likely be the issue that determines this race,” he said. “Both candidates will have the financial resources necessary to run a competitive campaign. The platform and messaging of each candidate will determine who is the next president.”

Continue Reading
Advertisement
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

Finance

Some employers ‘cautious of offering financial advice due to reputation worries’

Published

on

Some employers ‘cautious of offering financial advice due to reputation worries’

Some employers are being put off from offering financial advice as a workplace benefit amid concerns that it could potentially end up reflecting badly on them, a survey has found.

A third (34%) of organisations do not offer financial advice, rising to just over half (51%) of organisations with fewer than 500 employees, the research indicated.

Among those with no intention of introducing financial advice as a benefit in the near future, the most common reason given was perceptions around the risks of inappropriate advice being given and it reflecting badly on the organisation itself.

Some firms also did not consider financial advice to be an important workplace benefit.

When asked what would make them consider offering financial advice as a benefit, some employers said they would want to see staff requesting it, or evidence that employees would take it up.

Advertisement

The research, from Close Brothers’ Workplace Financial Wellbeing Service, also found that, when considering the workplace benefits that would most positively impact their financial wellbeing, financial advice came third on the list of priorities for employees (36%), after pension (52%) and private medical cover (38%).

Workers aged 25 to 34 would be particularly keen on receiving financial advice, the research indicated.

Pensions and retirement advice was found to be the most common type of advice offered.

Jeanette Makings, head of workplace financial wellbeing at Close Brothers, said: “Despite a clear call for financial advice in the workplace, it is evident employers that do offer it are not recognising all employees would benefit from this for all areas of personal finance; the need isn’t limited only to pensions or at retirement.”

She added: “When trying to navigate such a complex market on their own, employees are vulnerable to considerable variation in quality, price and service…

Advertisement

“When it comes to choosing a provider, note that some may not be able to provide the full range of advice services. So, employers need to understand the range of advice and any limitations of expertise from possible providers.”

YouGov surveyed over 1,000 employees and 500 employers between March and July.

Continue Reading

Finance

What homebuyers and sellers need to know as seismic changes take hold

Published

on

What homebuyers and sellers need to know as seismic changes take hold

Big changes take effect this month that will mean seismic shifts in how most Americans buy or sell a home and could ultimately drive down residential real estate prices.

Starting on Aug. 17, agents who list homes for sellers on widely used realtor databases won’t be able to offer any payments to buyers’ agents.

That means the power to negotiate realtor commissions will shift away from agents in favor of buyers and sellers.

It also means sellers will no longer be on the hook to fund commissions for all realtors involved in the transaction — a fee that usually amounts to 5% to 6% of the home’s sales price. The seller’s agent commonly shared roughly half of that commission with the buyer’s agent.

Instead, buyers will be entitled to separately negotiate their own agent’s pay and get a signed contract formalizing the terms — all before touring any properties for sale.

Advertisement

“Under the old system, if you were a buyer and you had an agent, you didn’t get any say in what your agent got paid, unless your agent agreed to credit some of that to your purchase price,” said Venable LLP partner Jill Rowe, who represents real estate brokers and owners.

The new terms are far-reaching because they apply to properties listed on Multiple Listing Services (MLSs), databases controlled by the National Association of Realtors that host more than 90% of all US home sales.

These changes are designed to eliminate conflicts of interest in the real estate industry and make the process friendlier for consumers.

They could drive down real estate commissions and home prices, some said, while transitioning the business of real estate services to more of an à la carte industry.

The new rules came about as a result of a class-action lawsuit from home sellers who argued the old fee-splitting structure was unfair.

Advertisement

The core of their argument was that the old structure artificially fixed commission rates and influenced agents to steer clients to homes that paid higher commissions. That, in turn, inflated home prices.

FILE - A for sale sign stands outside a single-family home June 27, 2024, in Englewood, Colo. On Thursday, Aug. 1, 2024, Freddie Mac reports on this week's average U.S. mortgage rates. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski, File)

A for sale sign stands outside a single-family home in Englewood, Colo. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski) (ASSOCIATED PRESS)

The new rules were agreed to as part of a $418 million settlement with the National Association of Realtors and several large real estate firms last March, ending the first in a string of similar cases to go to trial.

Here is a closer look at what buyers and sellers now need to know:

It will require some homework and patience to understand your rights and obligations under the new system and benefit from the new arrangement.

The “big change,” according to Rowe, is that agents who list homes for sellers on MLS databases won’t be able to offer any payments to buyer’s agents — as was the practice for decades.

Advertisement

The other significant change is that agents representing buyers will no longer be allowed to take a prospective client to tour any properties without first obtaining written consent about the fees and commissions that the client will have to pay.

All of these details can be negotiated by the buyer. The contract must explain if the agent’s compensation will be calculated as a flat fee, as a percentage of the home’s purchase price, as an hourly rate, or otherwise.

And under no circumstances can that agent’s commission be open-ended or dictated by a seller’s agent.

SANTA CLARITA, CALIFORNIA - SEPTEMBER 08: An aerial view of homes in a housing development on September 08, 2023 in Santa Clarita, California. According to the National Association of Realtors, the median existing-home sale price in the U.S. increased 1.9 percent in July following five straight months of declines, which was the longest stretch of declines in 11 years, amid high interest rates. (Photo by Mario Tama/Getty Images)SANTA CLARITA, CALIFORNIA - SEPTEMBER 08: An aerial view of homes in a housing development on September 08, 2023 in Santa Clarita, California. According to the National Association of Realtors, the median existing-home sale price in the U.S. increased 1.9 percent in July following five straight months of declines, which was the longest stretch of declines in 11 years, amid high interest rates. (Photo by Mario Tama/Getty Images)

An aerial view of homes in a housing development in Santa Clarita, Calif. (Mario Tama/Getty Images) (Mario Tama via Getty Images)

Plus, agents must disclose that their commissions are fully negotiable and not set by law.

Advertisement

“If I were a buyer or seller of a residential property right now, what I would say to my broker is: What kind of commission am I paying?” Rowe said. “What am I getting for that? And what would I get if I had a 1% lower commission, or a 2% lower commission?”

Jennifer Stevenson, a New York State Realtor and NAR regional vice president, said in the past agents could also use listings to offer compensation to other seller’s agents and to cooperating brokers.

“Now we’ll no longer be able to do that,” Stevenson said.

She noted that buyers and sellers were always permitted to negotiate commissions with agents and that under the new rules listing agents will still be allowed to negotiate commission splits, but only outside of the MLS.

The ultimate effect on the residential real estate industry is not yet known, although some certainly expect commissions, and even home prices, to fall.

Advertisement

At minimum, it’s expected to place more power in the hands of clients, especially those already using residential real estate platforms like Zillow (Z), Redfin (RDFN), Realtor.com, and Trulia, to find homes and home details posted on MLS databases.

Person's hand holding an iPhone and using the Zillow app, Lafayette, California, July 12, 2024. (Photo by Smith Collection/Gado/Getty Images)Person's hand holding an iPhone and using the Zillow app, Lafayette, California, July 12, 2024. (Photo by Smith Collection/Gado/Getty Images)

An iPhone showing the Zillow app. (Smith Collection/Gado/Getty Images) (Smith Collection/Gado via Getty Images)

These platforms had already been disrupting the residential real estate industry by allowing sellers and buyers to efficiently search for information that only relators using MLSs once provided.

“You can just go online, and you can see everything that is available … what its price is, all of the different terms, look at the neighborhood, and see pictures of what it looks like,” Rowe said.

That technology has tremendously reduced the amount of time that agents, and particularly buyer’s agents, spend on behalf of their clients.

“Quite often, the buyers are finding something online and saying, ‘I want to take a look at that,’ and either going by themselves to the open house, or having their agents call the seller’s agent and arrange a look,” Rowe said.

Advertisement

“So it’s just a different value proposition.”

Alexis Keenan is a legal reporter for Yahoo Finance. Follow Alexis on X @alexiskweed.

Click here for real estate and housing market news, reports, and analysis to inform your investing decisions

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Finance

Big Tech AI investment is going right to Nvidia: Chart of the Week

Published

on

Big Tech AI investment is going right to Nvidia: Chart of the Week

This is The Takeaway from today’s Morning Brief, which you can sign up to receive in your inbox every morning along with:

Throughout this earnings season, investors have been especially focused on Big Tech’s capital expenditures.

This spending is seen as a barometer for how bullish Microsoft, Amazon, Meta, and Alphabet are about what AI will do for them. Though, as Julie Hyman wrote Thursday, it’s a little more complicated than that, since they must go all in to even get a seat at the table.

But the nature of supply chain dynamics means that what gathers and melts in the mountains pours into the rivers and lakes.

And as our Chart of the Week shows, Big Tech is still making it rain. And Nvidia is the lake.

Advertisement

According to estimates from Bloomberg, coupled with quarterly reports, more than 40% of Nvidia’s revenue comes from some familiar names among the “Magnificent Seven” stocks — Microsoft, Meta, Alphabet, and Amazon.

The biggest transfer is from Microsoft, with spending from the world’s most valuable company accounting for 19% of Nvidia’s revenue. This makes the company its biggest customer by far, nearly doubling Meta’s spend and tripling that of Alphabet and Amazon.

And on the Microsoft side, Bloomberg’s data shows Nvidia accounts for 45% of its capital expenditures, whereas the chipmaker only gets 15% of Alphabet’s outlays, for example.

In the AI jungle, this data is a reminder that the chipmakers eat first, long before the hyperscalers can offer much more than hints to investors about when the AI investments will turn into AI revenue streams.

Still, this is one of the key charts that have helped power the market, especially through the tech earnings season.

Advertisement

For now, the lack of revenue isn’t too worrying to investors — though doubts are rising! — as it’s still hard to imagine the trillion-dollar Microsoft doesn’t know something they don’t about the opportunity.

Ethan Wolff-Mann is a Senior Editor at Yahoo Finance, running newsletters. Follow him on X @ewolffmann.

Click here for the latest technology news that will impact the stock market

Read the latest financial and business news from Yahoo Finance

morning brief image

morning brief image

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Trending