Entertainment
'Asco: Without Permission' honors four East L.A. friends who changed Chicano art
In the 1970s and ‘80s, traces of the artist collective Asco, named after the Spanish word for “disgust,” could be seen all over East L.A. The then-teenage creatives pulled all kinds of high jinks in the name of art: they taped each other to a wall and called it an “Instant Mural,” dined on Whittier Boulevard in a performance called “First Supper After a Major Riot,” and carried a life-size cross in their own “Stations of the Cross” reenactment down the street.
With their guerilla approach to performance art, Asco founders Harry Gamboa Jr., Glugio “Gronk” Nicandro, Willie Herrón and Patssi Valdez built a legacy around expanding the possibilities for Chicanos in the art world.
After the group disbanded in 1987, their work was not recognized by any major art institution until 2011. The Los Angeles County Museum of Art opened a retrospective exhibition dedicated to the group called “Asco: Elite of the Obscure,” — almost 40 years after the group vandalized the property in its “Spray Paint LACMA” series, where it confronted the museum’s exclusion of Chicano art.
In the new documentary titled “Asco: Without Permission,” which premiered March 10 at South by Southwest, filmmaker Travis Gutiérrez Senger set out to tell their story. “We want to celebrate Asco, but also pass what Asco did on to the next generation and continue their legacy,” he told De Los.
Across Austin’s Lady Bird Lake, Asco fans and documentary enthusiasts alike gathered in the hotel ballroom-turned-movie theater. Under the executive production of Mexican filmmakers Gael García Bernal and Diego Luna, Gutiérrez Senger dedicated the past five years to this film, from its concept to its completion. Last Tuesday night he was joined by García Bernal, original Asco members Gamboa and Valdez and other collaborators on the film to celebrate its first screening.
The film chronicles the beginnings of Asco, gives background on its most famous works and highlights its influence on the contemporary Chicano art world. The storytelling format is a mixture of archival footage, artistic reenactments and on-camera interviews with Asco members.
The morning after its SXSW premiere, Gutiérrez Senger sat down with De Los to chat all things “Asco: Without Permission.”
This interview has been condensed and edited for clarity.
Do you remember the first time you encountered Asco’s work? What was it that struck you about it?
I actually remember seeing an image of the “Decoy Gang War Victim,” where Gronk is lying on the cement with these red flares around him. But what I grabbed onto was the name Asco. It got me so curious that I started looking online for more imagery.
That’s when I found the “No Movies” [a series of film stills for nonexistent movies]. As a filmmaker, seeing these stills of Chicanos reimagining Hollywood, I was so floored and excited. I had never seen anything like that. The idea of young people doing this innovative work, with such a strong story element, started to hit me very quickly.
The group’s “No Movies” is so inventive, are there any specific stills that speak to you? Or ones that influence your understanding of film?
“The Gores” is one that really struck a chord with me. It’s their version of a Chicano sci-fi film. It’s so scintillating and so playful. You can see that they made the costumes themselves with not a ton of resources, but with a tremendous amount of ingenuity. And they all look like they’re having fun.
The “No Movies” continues to awaken something inside of me. They allow me to have more confidence, self love and inspiration. Something about Asco’s work activates your imagination, your creativity and your ambition. That’s one of the things I love so much about it. It actually makes you want to create work. That’s such a great gift. Even now I’ll look at Asco stuff and think, “OK, I got a new idea. I got something.”
Taken in 1974, “The Gores” features the Asco founding members dressed in homemade sci-fi costumes.
(Courtesy of Asa Nisi Masa Films)
When you were first getting acquainted with Asco’s legacy, what was going on in your life as a filmmaker?
It was really when I was starting to look for more brown references. I was trying to find Latino stories and subjects. I had already been very interested in Gael [García Bernal] and Diego [Luna]. They were heroes of mine as a young person. I love their films and what they were doing in Mexico. I really identified deeply with them.
But when I found Asco, it was like the next big point of influence because they were Chicano. Seeing these brown creatives doing this really daring and radical work, but also being Chicano, resonated with me even more deeply. So, to bring all these influences together in the film was really remarkable for me personally, because those had the most important touchstones for me as a Latino.
Maria Maea’s short film follows a group of teenagers who encounter an alien in their garage.
(Courtesy of Asa Nisi Masa Films)
In the documentary, you introduce artists like Ruben Ulises Rodriguez Montoya, San Cha and Maria Maea, who created work for the 2023 exhibition “ASCO and the Next Gen” and short films which are featured in the movie. What made you want to include contemporary voices in the project?
We felt like it would be almost irresponsible to say, “Here’s a movie about Asco and here’s a call to action.” We felt like we needed to answer that call ourselves, even if it was an experiment. The results were really powerful.
If we were going to talk about the exclusions Asco faced and address them today — it couldn’t be just through conversation. Asco is really about taking action. We needed something to be a little disruptive or even alarming, to showcase who we are and to answer the question, “What kind of stories do we really want to see today?” We took a lot of influence from Asco’s work, but [the included short films are] are definitely 21st-century stories. They’re not meant to be Asco reenactments.
There’s a multigenerational aspect that comes through in the film. You include young Latino actors to reenact Asco’s lives, spotlight midcareer artists and the perspective of Asco’s contemporaries. Why was this important to Asco’s story?
Coming at it as a millennial, and thinking of the young people that I’m around, I felt like Asco’s work has spoken to us because a lot of the issues that they were dealing with then — whether it’s police brutality, representation in the media or queerness — are still on our minds. As younger Latinos, we’re hungry to create work where we see ourselves. Being able to have an intergenerational experience that we learn from and bring into the future is one of the film’s main goals.
“Asco Goes to the Universe” is an image from 1975 and spotlights members Patssi Valdez, Willie Herron, Gronk, Humberto Sandoval and Harry Gamboa Jr.
(Courtesy of Asa Nisi Masa Films)
As someone so inspired by your subjects’ work, what were some of your takeaways from the making of this film?
When I first talked with Asco, they spoke a lot about the entire enterprise of Asco and wanting to shift how Chicanos are seen. That was always something I thought about a lot, and wanted it to be a goal of the film as well. But as I continued working on it, I found that at the core of Asco’s work was self-love. It’s really about recognizing your own potential and talent.
I came out of the process feeling really proud to be Chicano and very inspired to share our stories. For me, there was a shift in making the film because I started thinking we’re gonna f— these institutions up. And I still want to do that, and I still think about that. But I also feel more of a sense of dignity, pride and a connection to my community.

Movie Reviews
Baffling and Beautiful, Misericordia Is the Strangest of French Thrillers

Misericordia.
Photo: Janus Films
Alain Guiraudie’s Misericordia is an existential drama masquerading as a comedy masquerading as a thriller. The French director, whose best-known film Stateside remains 2014’s sunny, rambling queer mystery Stranger by the Lake, specializes in these kinds of slippery genre hybrids, movies that start off as one thing and eventually become other things, all without ever betraying their essence. Misericordia was a major critical hit in France, where it was nominated for mountains of awards and was named the best film of the year by Cahiers du Cinéma. The director’s shape-shifting narratives, forever flirting with the metaphysical, are obviously a known quantity there. It’ll be interesting to see how Misericordia plays in the U.S., where viewers don’t always enjoy having their expectations confounded.
The film begins in a somber and ominous register, as Jérémie Pastor (Félix Kysyl) returns to the small village of St. Martial where he spent his youth to attend the funeral of the baker for whom he worked and with whose family he lived. Immediately, there is tension with the baker’s son, Vincent (Jean-Baptiste Durand). He and Jérémie were once the best of friends, and perhaps even more than that; now their lives have gone in different directions, and a corrosive, inexpressible conflict seems to be brewing between them. Jérémie also grows close with Martine (Catherine Frot), Vincent’s mom, as they bond over their shared memories of the baker. We sense, again, that perhaps there was more to Jérémie’s relationship with his former boss as well. As if that weren’t enough, Jérémie seems to be quite taken with Walter (David Ayala), a portly, reclusive sad sack of a man living on the outskirts of town.
A Sirkian network of desires lurks just under the surface of the drama: Everybody seems to want somebody else. And all that sublimated desire propels the picture’s thrillerlike elements: Jérémie’s conflict with Vincent gets more dangerous, while his fascination with Walter grows. As a pure narrative, this would be mostly ridiculous, but that’s where Guiraudie’s skill as a filmmaker comes in. He and cinematographer Claire Mathon (Portrait of a Lady on Fire, Spencer) give this landscape, with its rough roads and forest canopies and dramatic cliffs, both lyrical beauty and eerie portent: Immersed in nature and removed from society, everybody’s been reduced to their base desires. As a protagonist, Jérémie also bears some similarities to Terence Stamp’s mysterious ambisexual stranger in Pier Paolo Pasolini’s classico-capitalist allegory Teorema (1968) — and just as Pasolini did, Guiraudie grasps that the more ornamentation you strip away from a tale, the purer its perversity becomes. Reason, it turns out, is the greatest luxury.
Misericordia has elements of rural noir, but it gathers both absurdity and lethality as it progresses. Guiraudie isn’t much for emotion in his actors: An unreadable person, after all, is also an unpredictable person. We start off viewing Jérémie as a victim of others’ assumptions and needs, but as he overstays his welcome in this place, his weird, stony persistence allows us to see how this man could drive everyone around him crazy. And yet, the movie doesn’t provide easy answers to any questions of motivation or morality or justice. Maybe because Guiraudie has other things on his mind. As our protagonist’s increasing desperation reaches comic proportions, we begin to realize that all along we’ve been watching a film about how to continue living in a world where our actions constantly cause misery, uncertainty, and pain.
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Entertainment
Ticket platform StubHub files for IPO

Ticket selling platform StubHub Holdings Inc. filed for an initial public offering disclosing revenue growth and a small annual loss for 2024.
StubHub had a loss of $2.8 million on revenue of $1.77 billion last year, compared with net income of $405 million on revenue of $1.37 billion in 2023, according to its filing Friday with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The company’s adjusted 2024 earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of $299 million, though down from the previous year, contrasted with a $57-million loss in 2022.
The New York-based company won’t disclose the proposed size or price range for the share sale until a future filing when it’s ready to begin marketing the offering to investors.
StubHub had prepared for an IPO last year after sales boomed from Taylor Swift‘s The Eras Tour, only to postpone those plans citing unfavorable market conditions, Bloomberg News reported in July.
Chief Executive Eric Baker, one of StubHub’s co-founders, left before the business was sold in 2007 to eBay Inc. for $310 million. Baker later founded Viagogo in Europe. In 2019, Viagogo agreed to acquire StubHub for $4.05 billion. The deal was completed the following year, with the combined company continuing to do business under both names.
Baker holds 5.2% of the Class A shares and, with his Class B shares that carry 100 votes each, has more than 90% of the voting power in the company before the offering, the filing shows.
Madrone Partners LP has a 27% stake in the business and 2.8% of the voting power, while WestCap Management owns an 11% stake and Bessemer Venture Partners holds 9.6%. Madrone and Bessemer have board seats at the company.
Across its ticketing platforms, StubHub and Viagogo, the ticket reselling operations span more than 200 countries, according to StubHub’s website.
The offering is being led by JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Goldman Sachs Group Inc. along with more than 10 other banks. The company plans for its shares to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol STUB.
Lipschultz and Roof write for Bloomberg, with assistance from Gillian Tan.
Movie Reviews
Secret Mall Apartment movie review (2025) | Roger Ebert

“Secret Mall Apartment” is a Search Engine Optimization-friendly title for a documentary that’s about a lot of things that cannot be captured in three words. Directed by Jeremy Workman, it tells the story of a group of friends from a rundown, artist-friendly neighborhood who got pushed out of their homes by gentrification and somehow ended up discovering an unoccupied, seemingly unmapped spot inside of the mall that pushed them out, then began furnishing it as a living space. The process took three years, all told, and during that entire time, they managed to avoid detection by mall security or even other patrons.
Workman has said that as he worked on this film, he “quickly learned that they created the secret apartment to make a statement against gentrification. They had lost their homes as a result of development, and this was their unique personal way to show developers that they weren’t going anywhere.”
However, as the film demonstrates, there were other elements in the mix. One was the thrill of doing a victimless, playful protest crime in plain sight of mall staff and customers who never noticed that the same eight people were hanging out in the mall constantly, rarely buying anything but food court items, and disappearing and reappearing for hours at a time without leaving the complex. The group slowly created a “normal” apartment in a concrete-walled, high-ceilinged, 750-square-foot room accessible only through crawl spaces and a tall set of metal stairs (which must’ve been hell to navigate with the dish cabinet and multiple couches that ended up in the space).
What’s most fascinating of all is that, in a roundabout way, “Secret Mall Apartment” is about artistic expression—and how artists can talk and talk and talk about why they did things, but might never really know the full story because the impulse to create comes from such deep places.
The eight artists were Michael Townsend, the ringleader; his then-girlfriend Adriana Valdez Young, Colin Bliss, James J.A. Mercer, Andrew Oesch, Greta Scheing, Jay Zhengebot, and Emily Ustach. The mall apartment wasn’t just a lark or an invasion by “squatters” (as the local newspaper called them) but an extension of what the eight were already doing in their public-facing careers.
Townsend is mainly a “tape artist” who makes art with easily removable tape meant to be observed and considered and then disappear. He is also a teacher who specializes in instructing people who don’t think of themselves as artists to do art in groups and to encourage people to feel confident in their artistic impulse even if they haven’t had formal training. Under his leadership, the group of eight traveled all over the United States and did what you might call temporary or ephemeral art, often comprised of silhouettes of people, animals, and objects made of paper tape. (You might have heard about the taped silhouettes they did on the sides of New York buildings commemorating the lives of people who died in the 9/11 attacks.)
The various works were playful, clever, gently mysterious exercises. They were meant to remind people of the interconnectedness of human experience and fleeting nature of existence; bring beauty to places that otherwise lacked beauty; stop people in their tracks and make them think about why it’s so revelatory to see art in a place where you wouldn’t normally expect to see art.
Although there are a few re-creations that are clearly identified as such (the filmmakers constructed a replica of the mall apartment and show how it was designed and built in a studio), the movie relies mostly on the incredible amount of low-resolution, early aughts video footage captured by the group. A lot of the footage is process documentation, just showing what was done and how.
But some of it captures tense or raw moments, including arguments about the long-term usefulness of continuing the project and the gap between Michael’s enthusiasm and everyone else’s, and the group’s encounter will mall security while they were truing to smuggle concrete cinder blocks in via the parking garage. (Michael has always had a talent for talking his way out of these kinds of situations, but the movie is wise to admit that this project wouldn’t lasted more than a day if the participants were Black.)
Workman and his co-editor Paul Murphy have an intuitive and very pleasing sense of structure, giving you the information you need at the point in the story where you think, “I wish they’d tell me more about that.” The sense of how to time the appearance of context and explanation in a movie a gift that can’t be taught in schools; you either have it or you don’t. There are times when one might wish they’d dug a little deeper into the personalities and relationships (seven of the eight were publicly unidentified until now). And as complexly as Michael is portrayed, there are connections between his biography and this project that you keep expecting the movie to highlight, yet it never does. (As a child, he moved eight times in his first year of life, which all by itself suggests why a man would build an entire artistic career around things that aren’t permanent.)
But these are nitpicks. This is a delightful, thought-provoking movie that’s about a lot of things at the same time. It’ll make you see the world with fresh eyes, and probably wonder why there isn’t more art in it.
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