World
African migratory birds threatened by hot, dry weather
MOMBASA, Kenya (AP) — Africa’s migratory birds are threatened by altering climate patterns within the heart and east of the continent which have depleted pure water techniques and brought about a devastating drought.
Hotter and drier circumstances because of local weather change make it tough for touring species who’re dropping their water sources and breeding grounds, with many now endangered or compelled to change their migration patterns solely by settling in cooler northern areas.
Roughly 10% of Africa’s greater than 2,000 chicken species, together with dozens of migratory birds, are threatened, with 28 species — such because the Madagascar fish eagle, the Taita falcon and hooded vultures — classed as “critically endangered.” Over one-third of them are particularly weak to local weather change and excessive climate, an evaluation by environmental group BirdLife Worldwide mentioned.
“Birds are being affected by local weather change similar to another species,” BirdLife coverage coordinator Ken Mwathe mentioned. “Migratory birds are affected greater than different teams of birds as a result of they need to carry on shifting,” which makes it extra probably {that a} website they depend on throughout their journey has degraded ultimately.
The African-Eurasian flyway, the flight hall for birds that journey south by way of the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert for the winter, harbors over 2,600 websites for migrating birds. An estimated 87% of African websites are in danger from local weather change, a larger proportion than in Europe or Asia, a research by the United Nations setting company and conservation group Wetlands Worldwide discovered.
Africa is extra weak to local weather change as a result of it’s much less in a position to adapt, mentioned Evans Mukolwe, a retired meteorologist and science director on the World Meteorological Group.
“Poverty, biodiversity degradation, excessive climate occasions, lack of capital and entry to new applied sciences” make it harder for the continent to guard habitats for wild species, Mukolwe mentioned.
Hotter temperatures because of human-caused local weather change and fewer rainfall shrink key wetland areas and water sources, which birds depend on throughout migratory journeys.
“Lake Chad is an instance,” Mwathe mentioned. “Earlier than birds cross the Sahara, they cease by Lake Chad, after which transfer to the Northern or Southern hemisphere. However Lake Chad has been shrinking over time,” which compromises its potential to help birds, he mentioned.
Parched birds means more durable journeys, which has an impression on their potential to breed, mentioned Paul Matiku, govt director of Nature Kenya.
Flamingoes, for instance, which usually breed in Lake Natron in Tanzania are unlikely to have the ability to “if the migration journey is just too tough,” Matiku mentioned.
He added that “not having water in these wetlands means breeding won’t happen” since flamingoes want water to create mud nests that preserve their eggs away from the extreme warmth of dry floor.
Non-migratory birds are additionally scuffling with the altering local weather. African fish eagles, discovered all through sub-Saharan Africa, are actually compelled to journey additional seeking meals. The variety of South African Cape Rockjumpers and Protea canaries is severely declining.
Chook species dwelling within the hottest and driest areas, like within the Kalahari Desert that spans Botswana, Namibia and South Africa, are approaching their “physiological limits,” the newest evaluation by the U.N.’s knowledgeable local weather panel mentioned. It added that birds are much less capable of finding meals and are dropping physique mass, inflicting large-scale deaths for these dwelling in excessive warmth.
“Forest habitats get hotter with local weather change and … dryland habitats get drier and savannah birds lack meals as a result of grass by no means seeds, flowers by no means fruit, and bugs by no means emerge as they do when it rains,” Matiku mentioned.
Different threats, such because the unlawful wildlife commerce, agriculture, the expansion of city areas and air pollution are additionally stunting chicken populations like African fish eagles and vultures, he mentioned.
Higher land administration tasks that assist restore degraded wetlands and forests and defend areas from infrastructure, poaching or logging will assist protect probably the most weak species, the U.N. environmental company mentioned.
Birds and different species would profit from concerted efforts to enhance water entry and meals safety, particularly as sea degree rise and excessive climate occasions are set to proceed, mentioned Amos Makarau, the Africa regional director of the U.N. climate company.
Scientists say that curbing emissions of planet-warming gasses, particularly in high-emitting nations, might additionally restrict future weather-related catastrophes.
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Observe AP’s local weather and setting protection at https://apnews.com/hub/climate-and-environment
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Related Press local weather and environmental protection receives help from a number of personal foundations. See extra about AP’s local weather initiative right here. The AP is solely chargeable for all content material.
World
Ron Ely, Star of TV’s Tarzan, Cause of Death Revealed
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World
Scientists study ‘very rare’ frozen remains of 35,000-year-old saber-toothed cub
A mummified saber-toothed cub of a catlike animal dating back 35,000 years was left almost perfectly preserved in Siberia’s permafrost.
The remains had been found back in 2020, northeast of Yakutia, Russia. Research regarding the study of the cub was published in the journal Scientific Reports on November 14, 2024.
The discovery of frozen remains from the Late Pleistocene period is “very rare,” according to the published research, though most discovered in Russia lie in the Indigirka River basin, the authors note.
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The mummified cub remained well-preserved, frozen in time for thousands of years. The frozen nature of this find left it in impressive condition, even still containing fur.
“The mummy body is covered with short, thick, soft, dark brown fur with hair about 20–30 mm long,” the authors wrote in the published research, also pointing out that the fur that was located on the back and neck of the cub was longer than the hair that was found on the legs.
The head of the mummy was also left well-preserved, down to its chest, front arms and paws.
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The study of this find wasn’t just a unique opportunity for scientists, it also provided first-of-its kind research.
“For the first time in the history of paleontology, the appearance of an extinct mammal that has no analogues in the modern fauna has been studied,” the authors of the study explained.
The scientists determined that the cub had died at about three weeks old. It was identified by the authors of the study as belonging to the species Homotherium latidens and had many differentiations from a modern lion cub of a similar age.
The shape of the muzzle displayed by the mummified cub, which had a large mouth and small ears, plus a “massive” neck, long forelimbs and a darker colored coat, were all among key differences from today’s modern lion cubs that scientists observed.
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Scientists also worked in their research to find out how the extinct species was able to survive through frigid temperatures.
Large contributors to their survival were the shape of the large paws and absence of carpal pads. Scientists believe these elements helped them get through the snow.
In recent years, there have been other ancient animals found in Siberian permafrost.
For example, in 2021, a mummified wolf was discovered that dated back over 44,000 years, Live Science reported in June 2024.
World
More than 100 Palestinians killed in Israeli attacks on Gaza in 48 hours
Director of the Kamal Adwan hospital says several staff wounded in Israeli bombardment.
At least 120 people have been killed in Israeli attacks on Gaza in two days, Palestinian health officials said, as Israel intensified its bombardment across the besieged territory.
At least seven people were killed when a residential home was hit overnight in the Zeitoun suburb of Gaza City, health officials said on Saturday. The other deaths were recorded in central and southern Gaza.
Israeli air raids caused significant damage to al-Faruq Mosque in the Nuseirat refugee camp in central Gaza, according to a social media video verified by Al Jazeera.
Israeli forces also deepened their ground offensive and bombardment of northern Gaza, where one of the last partially operating hospitals was hit, wounding several workers.
Hussam Abu Safia, director of the Kamal Adwan Hospital, said in a statement on Saturday that Israeli forces “directly targeted the entrance to the emergency and reception area several times, as well as the hospital courtyards, electrical generators, and hospital gates”.
The bombardment “resulted in 12 injuries among doctors, nurses, and administrative staff within the emergency and reception areas”, he said.
The Israeli military rejected the allegations and said it was “not aware of a strike in the area of the Kamal Adwan Hospital” following an initial review of the situation.
On Friday, Gaza’s Ministry of Health said hospitals have fuel left for only about two days before it needs to start restricting services.
Israel’s military imposed a siege and launched a renewed ground offensive in northern Gaza last month, saying it aimed to stop Hamas fighters from waging more attacks and regrouping in the area.
The United Nations warned earlier this week that almost no aid had been delivered to northern Gaza since Israel’s renewed offensive as aid groups and food security experts warn of a famine in the area.
In a call with Defence Minister Israel Katz on Saturday, United States Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin pressed Israel to “take steps to improve the dire humanitarian condition in Gaza”, the Pentagon said.
Israel’s assault on Gaza has killed more than 44,000 people and wounded more than 104,000 since October 2023, according to Palestinian health officials.
Israel launched its assault on Gaza after the Hamas-led attacks on southern Israel on October 7, 2023, in which at least 1,139 people were killed and about 250 others seized as captives.
A spokesperson for the armed wing of Hamas, Abu Ubaida, said later on Saturday that a female Israeli captive in the group’s custody had been killed in northern Gaza in an area under attack by Israel’s forces.
“The life of another female prisoner who used to be with her remains in imminent danger,” he added, accusing the government of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of being responsible and of undermining efforts to end the war.
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