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A new Southeast Asian history curriculum is in the works for California schools

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A new Southeast Asian history curriculum is in the works for California schools


The Orange County Department of Education is in the process of developing a statewide curriculum focused on Southeast Asian heritage and history.

Dubbed the “Southeast Asian Model Curriculum Project,” OCDE — in collaboration with community input and local researchers — is curating three model curriculums centered on the histories, cultures and refugee experiences of Cambodian, Hmong and Vietnamese Americans. The curriculum will include lesson plans, primary source documents, planning resources, teaching strategies and professional development activities to assist educators, said Ian Hanigan, an OCDE spokesperson.

Once developed, the curriculum will be available for grades kindergarten through 12 but will not be mandatory for any schools, Hanigan said. But schools, should they teach these subjects, will be able to rely on the model curriculum for resources.

“Each model curriculum will present ideas, lessons, examples and resources for school districts to consider as they develop their own coursework,” said Hanigan. “It will live on a website that can be accessed by educators and searched by content standards. The curriculum may be used as part of history, social studies or language courses or included in a district’s ethnic studies program.”

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One portion of the model curriculum, called the “Hmong History and Cultural Studies Model Curriculum,” will delve into the history and migration of the Hmong population across Laos, Thailand, Vietnam and China. This will highlight the contributions and sacrifices made by the Hmong and other Southeast Asians who served in the “Secret Army” in Laos, a CIA-led operation during the Vietnam War.

In parallel, the “Cambodian American Studies Model” will incorporate various media formats presenting perspectives on the Cambodian genocide, including oral testimonies from survivors. For the development of this portion, the OCDE is collaborating with organizations such as the Asian Youth Promoting Advocacy and Leadership group, the Center for Empowering Refugees and Immigrants and the non-profit Cambodian Family.

Similarly, the “Vietnamese American Experiences Model Curriculum” will explore pivotal events such as the fall of Saigon in 1975 and include discussions on Vietnamese boat people and Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces members and the circumstances leading to the resettlement of Vietnamese people in the U.S.

OCDE is aiming to complete the curriculum by spring 2024 and start implementation around 2025, said Hanigan.

Model curriculum projects are initiated by laws mandating state development of curricula for specific subjects, serving as guides for educators by outlining content, skills and learning objectives across various grade levels. The California Department of Education has a few model curricula in place, such as human rights and genocide, ethnic studies and the life of César Chávez.

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The Southeast Asian heritage model curriculum was born out of state legislation in 2018 from Sen. Janet Nguyen, R-Huntington Beach, and the state later allocated $1.2 million for development.

“I think it is important in Orange County, especially around Little Saigon in Westminster, because it helps friends, neighbors and children understand the history,” said Nguyen. “Once we understand each other’s history and our differences, it is when the community becomes better and works together.”

Orange County is home to just over 700,000 Asian Americans and about 10,000 Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders, according to 2020 Census data.

“I don’t want future generations to go through what I had to go through by just figuring out things; I want them to learn,” Nguyen said.

California’s Department of Education in 2022 tasked OCDE, alongside Humboldt and San Diego counties’ education departments, to spearhead the curriculum development.

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​​​​To do that, OCDE has hired educators, scholars and others with Cambodia, Hmong and Vietnamese heritage to compile perspectives and stories to add to the curriculum.

Additionally, OCDE has been regularly holding engagement sessions to hear community feedback and input since 2022. During these engagement sessions, attendees can participate in a focus group discussion aimed at fostering open and meaningful dialogue, said Hanigan.

“This format allows for an equitable sharing of voices, as we believe it’s essential that everyone has the opportunity to contribute their perspectives to this important project,” said Hanigan.

In addition to facilitating discussion, OCDE will provide resources to aid in curriculum development.

“This project is a collaborative effort, and it’s the contributions from individuals like those attending our session that will ensure its success and relevance,” said Hanigan.

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The next engagement session is scheduled for Saturday, Feb. 17 and will focus on the Vietnamese portion of the curriculum. This session will take place at the Vietnamese Heritage Museum located at 13962 Seaboard Cir. in Garden Grove. OCDE asks those interested in attending to sign up online.

To find the full list of engagement sessions, visit OCDE’s website.



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Suspect in Molotov attack at Sam Altman’s California home set to appear in court

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Suspect in Molotov attack at Sam Altman’s California home set to appear in court


SAN FRANCISCO — The man accused of trying to kill OpenAI CEO Sam Altman by throwing a Molotov cocktail at his San Francisco home is set to make an initial court appearance Tuesday.

Daniel Moreno-Gama, of Spring, Texas, traveled to San Francisco last week and hurled the incendiary device at Altman’s home Friday, setting an exterior gate on fire before fleeing on foot, authorities said. Less than an hour later, Moreno-Gama went to OpenAI’s headquarters about 3 miles (5 kilometers) away and threatened to burn down the building, they said.

No one was injured at Altman’s home or the company’s offices.

Authorities said Moreno-Gama, 20, expressed hatred of artificial intelligence in his writings, describing it as a danger to humanity and warning of “impending extinction,” according to court filings.

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“This was not spontaneous. This was planned, targeted and extremely serious,” FBI San Francisco Acting Special Agent in Charge Matt Cobo said during a news conference Monday.

Moreno-Gama is charged in California state court with two counts of attempted murder and attempted arson, San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins said. He tried to kill both Altman and a security guard at Altman’s residence, she alleged. Officials have not said whether Altman was home at the time.

Online state court records do not yet show whether Moreno-Gama has an attorney who can speak on his behalf.

Craig Missakian, U.S. Attorney, Northern District of California, middle, speaks during a news conference Monday, April 13, 2026, in San Francisco. Credit: AP/Jeff Chiu

Jenkins said the state charges carry penalties ranging from 19 years to life in prison.

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On Monday morning, FBI agents went to Moreno-Gama’s home in a Houston suburb where they spent several hours before leaving. He has also been charged by federal prosecutors with possession of an unregistered firearm and damage and destruction of property by means of explosives. Those charges carry respective penalties of up to 10 years and 20 years in prison.

“We will treat this as an act of domestic terrorism, and together with our partners, prosecute him to the fullest extent of the law,” U.S. Attorney Craig Missakian said when announcing the federal charges Monday.

The federal court documents do not list an attorney for Moreno-Gama, and he has not yet had his first appearance in federal court.

The document in which Moreno-Gama discussed his opposition to AI also made threats against Altman and executives at other AI companies, officials said.

“If I am going to advocate for others to kill and commit crimes, then I must lead by example and show that I am fully sincere in my message,” Moreno-Gama wrote, according to authorities.

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Advocacy groups that have issued grave warnings about AI’s risks to society condemned the violence.

Anthony Aguirre, president and CEO of the Future of Life Institute, said in a written statement Friday that “violence and intimidation of any kind have no place in the conversation about the future of AI.”

Another group, PauseAI, said in a statement that the suspect had no role in the group but joined its forum on the social media platform Discord about two years ago and posted about 34 messages there, none containing explicit calls to violence but one that was flagged as “ambiguous.”

Discord said Monday that it has banned Moreno-Gama for “off-platform behavior.”



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California dad charged with incest after allegedly assaulting daughter; DA may drop case

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California dad charged with incest after allegedly assaulting daughter; DA may drop case


When Makayla Rene Settles turned 18, she left Raleigh, North Carolina, for a fresh start. She moved to Moorpark, California, to live with her biological father, Stephen Vincent Chavez, with plans to attend college and build a new life. Two days after she arrived, her family says she called terrified and asking for help.

“It was just the fear in her voice, her crying. I didn’t need details. I knew something was wrong, and I said, ‘I’m on the way,’” said Carolina Sandoval, Makayla’s mother.

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Carolina says she rushed to Chavez’s home. When she saw her daughter, she was devastated.

“She’s barely walking,” Carolina said. “My brother picks her up and hugs her.”

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Makayla was taken to a hospital, where a rape kit was performed. According to the family, the results came back positive for Stephen Vincent Chavez’s DNA. He was arrested that same night and charged with incest, taking advantage of a position of trust, and providing alcohol to a minor.

Her cousin, Crystal Sandoval, was in disbelief. She said, “I was screaming, I was crying. I just kept thinking, why would he do that to her? This is something she could not come back from.”

Crystal was right. Five months later, Makayla Rene Settles died by suicide.

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“If I’m being honest, it feels like I handed my daughter to the devil,” said Carolina.

On the night Makayla was taken to the hospital, Sandoval says Chavez sent her a text message. It read, “I’m never drinking liquor again. I don’t want that blackout to happen again.”

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Now, the family says they’ve been dealt another devastating blow. According to Crystal Sandoval, the Ventura County DA’s Office has told them the case may not go to trial because Makayla is no longer alive to testify.

“The DA was essentially saying, ‘We don’t know if we have a case because she’s no longer here,’ and when she told me that, I immediately said, ‘No, we’re not going to let that slide,’” said Crystal.

Determined to get justice, Crystal took to social media. Her videos went viral, drawing widespread outrage and prompting hundreds to promise to show up to Chavez’s next court hearing, scheduled for April 21 at the Ventura County Courthouse.

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“It was like he took her sunshine away and just kind of broke her soul,” Crystal said.

The Ventura County District Attorney’s Office issued the following statement:

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“We have seen the posts online and want to let the public know that our Sexual Assault Unit continues to prosecute the defendant for this extremely serious crime. This case has been filed since July 2025, when the evidence supported the filing of felony charges. As with any case, prosecutors filed charges based on the evidence. The court sets bail. Our office successfully moved to increase bail to $250K in July 2025 when the case was filed. The defendant requested that bail be reduced, but we successfully argued against that. The defendant has since posted $250K bail and is out of custody. With respect to the upcoming hearing, the April 21 date is an early disposition conference. This is a standard pretrial proceeding where the court and parties address the status of the case and set future dates as appropriate.”

Despite that statement, the family says they have already been told a trial is not guaranteed, and they are not backing down. Chavez has pleaded not guilty. His next court hearing is April 21 at 8:30 a.m. in Courtroom 14 at the Ventura County Courthouse.

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California’s leading GOP candidate for governor reacts to Swalwell’s exit from race | CNN Politics

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California’s leading GOP candidate for governor reacts to Swalwell’s exit from race | CNN Politics


California’s leading GOP candidate for governor reacts to Swalwell’s exit from race

Republican Gov. candidate Steve Hilton joins CNN’s Dana Bash after one of his opponents, Rep. Eric Swalwell, exited the California governor’s race amid sexual misconduct allegations. “We desperately need change. And no Democrat can provide that,” Hilton says.



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