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Six years after Dallas approved monument to racial violence victims, it’s finally happened

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Six years after Dallas approved monument to racial violence victims, it’s finally happened


Adjacent to the Sixth Floor Museum and the Grassy Knoll sits another patch of sacred ground with its own historically consequential story.

It took Dallas decades to fully face President John F. Kennedy’s assassination. It’s taken far longer to acknowledge the murders that occurred about 100 years earlier — just on the other side of where the Triple Underpass would eventually stand.

In 1860, three enslaved Black men — Patrick Jenkins, Cato Miller and the Rev. Samuel Smith — were lynched at this site, alongside the original path of the Trinity River. They were hanged after specious accusations concerning their part in setting a downtown fire, and their deaths became part of an infamous reign of terror led by white businessmen during which enslaved individuals were rounded up and tortured.

At long last, Dallas will formally dedicate a sculpture on the site next Tuesday that honors these three men and all other victims of lynching and racial violence in our city between 1853 and 1920.

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Artists Shane Allbritton and Norman Lee created the sundial-inspired weathering steel sculpture, “Shadow Lines.” At one end of its semicircular wall is a poem written about this location and its brutal history by former Dallas resident and poet laureate of Virginia Tim Seibles.

In early 2018, in the midst of the debate over removal of Confederate statues, City Council members expressed interest in a memorial to victims of racial violence. George Keaton Jr., founder of Remembering Black Dallas, persevered until his death in December 2022 to turn the idea into action. The Dallas County Justice Initiative, with Ed Gray at the helm, and Remembering Black Dallas finished the job.

Recent heavy rains have left much of the Martyrs Park side muddy and full of deep puddles. Park department officials hope newly planted grass will take hold before next Tuesday’s dedication of the “Shadow Lines” artwork.(Juan Figueroa / Staff Photographer)

The sculpture sits on a wedge of city land known as Martyrs Park. It’s not an ideal place for a contemplative green space, trapped between the Triple Underpass and the access ramp to Interstate 35E, and deafened by highway traffic and the Trinity Railway Express rumbling overhead.

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It’s no mystery why the dedication ceremony is taking place at the Sixth Floor Museum before the ribbon-cutting at the sculpture site. Hearing the speeches would be impossible at Martyrs Park.

But Gray, like Keaton before him, is steadfast about this being the right location.

“To the people who ask, ‘Why did we build this here?’ This is where it occurred,” Gray told me. “We can’t change what’s there now, but it remains historic and sacred.”

I took my first close look at the sculpture Saturday and was pleasantly surprised to find a more welcoming feel at Martyrs Park, a raw space full of trash and tents on my several previous visits.

Accessibility remains a challenge. Your best bet is to park in the Sixth Floor Museum area and walk along the Elm Street sidewalk and through the pedestrian tunnel. Once you emerge, you are only steps from the park.

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Newly applied paint was visible Monday on the floor of the pedestrian walkway that connects...
Newly applied paint was visible Monday on the floor of the pedestrian walkway that connects the grassy knoll, near the Sixth Floor Museum, and Martyrs Park.(Juan Figueroa / Staff Photographer)

The most important upgrades have taken place in the tunnel. Never before had I walked through this long dark corridor when it didn’t smell like a urinal — and looked even worse. It’s now been repaired, painted, scrubbed and lighted. On order is vandal-resistant permanent lighting.

The park department has cleaned out decades of trash, underbrush and scraggly bushes that once encircled much of Martyrs Park. The lower limbs of the stately trees along the street and in the background have been trimmed to allow for better viewing. A new sidewalk is in place, and lights illuminate the sculpture at night.

Let me be clear — the place didn’t look great. Recent heavy rains had left deep puddles throughout and threatened to wash away newly planted grass. The railroad-owned embankment remains unsightly. A man lay tucked up against the sculpture’s front wall — his sleep only disturbed when I began reading the inscriptions aloud.

But if you squint a little, you actually see a park, not a dumping ground. It’s a minimalist’s landscape that keeps the focus on the piece of stark public art, just as Keaton wanted.

Still to be added are two Texas Historical Commission markers, one honoring Jenkins, Miller and Smith and the other commemorating Jane Elkins, a slave hanged in 1853 after her conviction for killing her white owner as he attempted to rape her. Elkins’ name is also included on the “Shadow Lines” sculpture.

Martyrs Park provides a homecoming for all local victims of racial violence, Gray said. “It gives them a sense of all being put together in one spot and further sanctifying that ground.”

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A panel engraved with the name of Allen Brooks, who was lynched in downtown Dallas on March,...
A panel engraved with the name of Allen Brooks, who was lynched in downtown Dallas on March, 2, 1910, is part of the “Shadow Line” memorial.(Juan Figueroa / Staff Photographer)

The “Shadow Lines” dedication at Martyrs Park will mark the last of three high-profile events in Dallas’ reckoning with the violence wrought by racism.

To secure the markers for two other victims, the Dallas County Justice Coalition worked for years to meet the requirements of the Equal Justice Initiative, whose National Memorial for Peace and Justice in Montgomery, Ala., is a shrine to the victims of lynching.

The marker for Allen Brooks, who was abducted, killed and hanged downtown in front of a large crowd in 1910, was dedicated at Pegasus Plaza in November 2021. The marker for William Allen Taylor, lynched by vigilantes in 1884 near the Trinity River, was dedicated last November at Trinity Overlook Park. The names of Brooks and Taylor are also among those on the Martyrs Park sculpture.

Gray had many kind words about how hard City Hall, especially the Equity and Inclusion, Arts and Culture, and Park and Recreation departments, have worked to get the commemorations done right.

He said it was important, in contrast, to note Mayor Eric Johnson has not attended any of the events. “His reluctance to be a part of these is troublesome and disturbing,” Gray said.

Johnson’s chief of staff, Alheli Garza, told me the mayor “regrettably has a preexisting immovable conflict” with Tuesday’s event. She said his office is “coordinating a private visit for Mayor Johnson to view the installation and meet the artists on a future date.”

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Most meaningful to me at the memorial site is Seibles’ poem, the words of which are punched into the sculpture’s steel wall. It’s exactly what needed to be written for Dallas, where we’ve made a lot of progress but still prefer the reconciliation part of racial healing to the hard truth-telling.

Seibles’ words are no Kumbaya moment, but rather searing honesty. Please take time to read the full text, which accompanies my column.

The "Shadow Lines" sculpture, with the names of known lynching victims cut into it, also...
The “Shadow Lines” sculpture, with the names of known lynching victims cut into it, also honors all victims of racial violence from 1853 to 1920.(Juan Figueroa / Staff Photographer)

Finally, as I consider the 50 or so tourists I passed on the Grassy Knoll as I walked to Martyrs Park — where I was the sole visitor, not counting the homeless guy — here’s a suggestion: The last JFK information placard is only steps from the pedestrian tunnel. Can a sign be added about the historically relevant events visitors can find on the other side of the bridge?

That’s history Dallas and its visitors also need to understand.

The public dedication of “Shadow Lines” will begin at 10 a.m. March 26 in the Courts Room of the Sixth Floor Museum, 411 Elm St,, followed by the ribbon-cutting at the “Shadow Lines” sculpture at Martyrs Park, 379 Commerce St.

Below is the full text of the poem cut into the sculpture:

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Here

These are the things

nightmares are made of:

ropes, knives, a torn

black face, burning flesh,

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white mobs, their picnics

and blood-spattered hands.

We want to forget

what happened here,

But it is impossible

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not to wonder what broken

song in the human heart

led to this. What rancid fear

tightened the knots, gathered

the grinning throngs?

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All of us live with these echoes:

the last screams of a man

ripped apart, hung for display,

the mob’s ruthless laughter.

Though we remain

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tied to these wounds

and wary of each other —

though we don’t want

to believe this happened here.

this grief, this jagged silence

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still builds inside us, no matter

how far we run, no matter

how quickly we turn away.

You are here now.

Remember that this too

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made America.

Sound your voice.

— Tim Seibles, 2023



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Dallas, TX

Top Dallas leaders Jon Fortune, Genesis Gavino to leave for Austin to work for former boss

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Top Dallas leaders Jon Fortune, Genesis Gavino to leave for Austin to work for former boss


An exodus of Dallas City leaders who served under former City Manager T.C. Broadnax continued this week with the announcement that a deputy city manager and a chief of staff would be leaving the city in the next several weeks.

Deputy City Manager Jon Fortune and Chief of Staff to the City Manager Genesis D. Gavino will both leave the city within three weeks, according to a memo interim City Manager Kim Bizor Tolbert sent out to council members Monday.

Both will join Broadnax in Austin, according to a memo sent to Austin City Council on Monday.

Fortune will leave June 7 and will join Austin as the deputy city manager. Gavino’s last day will be May 31 and she will become a special assistant to the city manager there.

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Fortune was involved in negotiations that affect law enforcement pay structures for police and firefighters and the city’s shelter program in the wake of hurricane Harvey. Fortune also oversaw the city’s COVID-19 testing and vaccinations centers. Among the departments he oversees are the Dallas Police Department, Dallas Fire-Rescue, the Dallas Marshal’s Office, Dallas Municipal Courts, the Office of Emergency Management and the Office of Integrated Public Safety Solutions.

When former city manager T.C. Broadnax announced his departure earlier this year, Jeff Patterson, President of the Dallas Fire Fighters Association told The Dallas Morning News the association had asked Fortune if he would consider stepping into Broadnax’s shoes. But Fortune declined, Patterson said.

Gavino led the launch of the city’s first Digital Navigators Program that/ was designed to bring internet connectivityto underserved communities. Gavino also worked with local school districts to sift through matching grants to get COVID-19 federal dollars. In 2020, Gavino was also the Resilience Officer in the Office of Equity and Inclusion.

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Both joined the city hall in 2017.

Fortune and Gavino’s departures come days after Assistant City Manager Robert Perez was picked as the city manager in Topeka, Kansas. Majed Al-Ghafry, another official in the city’s top brass, is set to become DeSoto’s city manager after the DeSoto City Council votes on an agenda item to approve his employment agreement Tuesday.

Interim City Manager Kimberly Bizor Tolbert recently dissuaded potential employers from making a play for police Chief Eddie García after reports surfaced that García was being courted by Houston and Austin. Last week, Garcia said he would be staying in Dallas at least until May 2027. City officials amended Garcia’s contract to give him a retention bonus of $10,000 every six months.



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Dallas’ poverty-fighting CitySquare out of funding and will close at year’s end

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Dallas’ poverty-fighting CitySquare out of funding and will close at year’s end


Dallas nonprofit CitySquare — for decades a leader in the battle against poverty and homelessness — has run out of money to do its work and will go out of business at year’s end.

In an interview Friday with its leaders, I learned CitySquare will devote the rest of 2024 to transferring its many programs, which serve 27,000 people annually, to other neighborhood providers.

CitySquare also expects to turn over its Opportunity Center campus, across Interstate 30 from downtown, to another operator as a hub for poverty-fighting organizations.

“We didn’t have the time we needed to really right the ship,” said CEO Annam Manthiram, who arrived in late August in hopes of creating a new identity for CitySquare. “We kept thinking fundraising would come back early this year and thought the brand was stronger than it was.”

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CitySquare’s long-time visionary was Larry James, a champion of the poor who in 1994 became head of the fledgling Central Dallas Ministries, as the nonprofit was originally known.

James grew the operation into a powerhouse responsible for many good works in Dallas — permanent and temporary housing, food resources, health care and job creation. He also educated policymakers and led anti-poverty efforts at the behest of elected officials.

CitySquare was synonymous with James, perhaps too much so. Once he moved from his CEO job to a board seat in 2021, community members who long supported his work also began to move on.

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Larry James, then president and CEO of CitySquare, sits with a neighbor in front of an abandoned house near the Opportunity Center campus prior to its 2014 opening. What’s best for CitySquare’s neighbors has always guided the nonprofit’s decision-making.(Brad Loper / Staff Photographer)

Ongoing cuts in operating costs, staff and programming in the last year or so haven’t kept up with the “millions of dollars decline” in giving, said board chair Lewis Weinger.

Weinger and Manthiram told me CitySquare’s prospects were further hurt by a lack of financial transparency to the board and donors after James’ retirement and by “culture-workplace issues.” They said they could not provide details of those issues because of HR considerations.

This month, the leadership team and board decided the best outcome for the neighbors who rely on CitySquare’s services was to go public with plans to cease operations and enlist partners to take over the work at year’s end.

CitySquare’s main campus, on Malcolm X Boulevard just south of Interstate 30, provides services such as a food pantry, workforce training and a community resource center. Also on the site are 50 cottages that shelter a fraction of the 500 neighbors in its housing programs.

The best news in this grim moment is that local philanthropic foundations have CitySquare’s back and will provide funds to carry the nonprofit and its programs through the year.

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Wayne White, president and CEO of the Communities Foundation of Texas, told me Friday he and others have met with CitySquare leaders to determine how best to ensure neighbors don’t lose services. He said his team “is committed to working with funders and nonprofits to address the gap that will exist once CitySquare winds down their work.”

CitySquare CEO Annam Manthiram at the Opportunity Center campus Feb. 21.  She movedto Dallas...
CitySquare CEO Annam Manthiram at the Opportunity Center campus Feb. 21. She movedto Dallas with her two school-age sons in hopes of building a new identity for the nonprofit.(Juan Figueroa / Staff Photographer)

When I profiled Manthiram in February, she had a sense of the financial problems, but she believed she would have three years to turn things around. “I didn’t anticipate as big of a budget shortfall as actually existed,” Manthiram said, “and the board didn’t know the budget deficit was as large as it was.”

For example, the board had been told the shortfall in CitySquare’s $39 million budget for 2022 was $1.6 million. Manthiram discovered the deficit was $3.2 million. Despite her cost-cutting after arriving in the last quarter of 2023, the nonprofit expects final numbers to show it finished last year with a $2 million deficit.

The previous CEO, John Siburt, took the job in January 2021 after serving as CitySquare president for five years. He left in December 2022 and is now president of Timberview Farmstead in Fort Worth. CitySquare’s chief financial officer and chief development officer at the time, both of whom had been on staff for only a couple of years, also left in 2022.

“There was no intentional hiding of the financial situation,” Siburt told me Saturday. He did not comment on the workplace-culture issues beyond saying “the need to change the CitySquare model created tension at times.”

In separate interviews, Siburt and James said CitySquare’s aggressive attempts to keep people housed during the pandemic triggered an unsustainable financial picture. “I took responsibility for overextending us during COVID,” Siburt said. He later chose to leave the organization “out of a belief that both CitySquare and I could benefit from a fresh start.”

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James said the nonprofit many times tried to do too much. “We would see the need and we were sure filling that gap was the right thing to do.”

For example, with struggling residents further crippled by COVID, CitySquare paid the rents and mortgages of hundreds of people and operated 1,000 apartments as permanent supportive housing. Once pandemic-related funding dried up, the nonprofit continued the program with the misguided belief fundraising would catch up.

Some of the 50 small housing units on CitySquare property, which provide permanent...
Some of the 50 small housing units on CitySquare property, which provide permanent supportive housing to the nonprofit’s neighbors. This photo is from 2016, soon after the structures were completed.(Ting Shen / Staff Photographer)

Weinger described it like this: “Larry could pick up the phone to a few very generous donors and say, ‘This is the check I need each of you to write.’ We didn’t have that path forward any more.”

After James’ departure, Weinger said, a lack of faith and mistrust developed. “It became sort of a Catch-22 that, once Annam was on board, didn’t give her the time to show what we could do.”

Manthiram didn’t uproot her two school-age sons and leave a good job running an Albuquerque homeless services agency to be part of closing down a venerable nonprofit in Dallas.

But with no other apparent choice, she is determined CitySquare’s programs stay in place and its 85-member staff continues its work — eventually under other nonprofits. “My goal now is putting together a transition team to figure out which community-based groups are the best for the neighbors,” Manthiram said. ”Perhaps community partners will even more effectively lift neighbors out of poverty and homelessness than we’ve been able to do in the last few years.”

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The Opportunity Center property likely will become even more valuable once the proposed redesign and expansion of I-30 is complete. CitySquare leadership is adamant any new owner maintain the programming without gentrifying the neighborhood.

CitySquare could have sold the building and land to provide funding to get through this year, Weinger said. “But then what about next year?”

Manthiram is heartened that this transition will put neighbors first and avoid gaps in services. “A favorite verse of mine is ‘With God all things are possible,’” she said. “Right now this feels like the right decision.”



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Dallas Mavericks Set to Play the Minnesota Timberwolves in Western Conference Finals

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Dallas Mavericks Set to Play the Minnesota Timberwolves in Western Conference Finals


The Dallas Mavericks beat the Oklahoma City Thunder 117-116 on Saturday night to advance to the Western Conference Finals but had to wait until Sunday night to know their opponent. With a 98-90 win in Game 7 over the reigning champion Denver Nuggets, the Mavericks will be playing the Minnesota Timberwolves next round with a trip to the NBA Finals on the line. The Timberwolves made the largest halftime comeback in Game 7 history to advance.

This is a matchup of two of the younger superstars in the NBA, as Luka Doncic will face off against phenom Anthony Edwards. The Timberwolves have a stifling defense, having the NBA’s best defensive rating throughout the regular season, though the Mavericks had the best defensive rating over the last 20 games of the season.

READ MORE: Dallas Mavericks Rally To Advance to Western Conference Finals: 3 Game-Changing Plays

It’s only the second-ever matchup between these two franchises, a Dallas Mavericks’ sweep in three games in 2002 as Dirk Nowitzki established himself as a better number-one option over Kevin Garnett. This is only Minnesota’s second-ever appearance in the Western Conference Finals as a franchise, matching Luka Doncic’s career, with their other appearance coming in 2003.

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Minnesota won the season series 3-1, though all of those games came before February and Dallas made their trades to bring in Daniel Gafford and P.J. Washington. Because of that, it’s not certain how Dallas will matchup, but I’d imagine Daniel Gafford will guard Rudy Gobert, P.J. Washington will guard Karl-Anthony Towns, Derrick Jones Jr. will guard Anthony Edwards, Luka Doncic will guard Jaden McDaniels, and Kyrie Irving will start on Mike Conley. Doncic will have to deal with a pesky defender once again, as he’s likely to draw the McDaniels assignment.

Anthony Edwards has been impressive these playoffs, averaging around 30 PPG. His ascension along the steady-handedness of the veteran Mike Conley has been electric to watch. Derrick Jones Jr. will have his hands full with this matchup.

The Mavericks will need their bigs to show up in this series. They were able to dominate a smaller Oklahoma City Thunder team on the glass but it’ll be much harder to do that against a massive Minnesota frontline, featuring Gobert, Towns, and Sixth Man of the Year winner Naz Reid. If Dallas could get Maxi Kleber back from his shoulder sprain in this series, it could go a long way, just to give them more versatility and match up with Towns’ skillset.

Game 1 will start at 7:30 p.m. CST from the Target Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

READ MORE: Dallas Mavericks’ Luka Doncic and Kyrie Irving Tandem Instrumental in Deep Playoff Run

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Stick with MavericksGameday for more coverage of the Dallas Mavericks throughout the NBA Playoffs 

Follow Austin Veazey on Twitter





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