MIAMI — The state was threatening the Roman Catholic Church’s means to shelter immigrant youngsters when Archbishop Thomas G. Wenski of Miami went for South Florida’s emotional jugular: He in contrast the unaccompanied youngsters who had been crossing the border as we speak to those that fled Communist Cuba six many years in the past with out their mother and father.

Offended by the comparability, indignant Cuban Individuals referred to as Spanish-language radio. They wrote letters to the editor. A dialogue on the American Museum of the Cuban Diaspora to denounce the archbishop’s feedback turned emotional. Gov. Ron DeSantis, a Republican, who had directed his administration to cease renewing shelter licenses, referred to as the comparability to Cuban exiles who had arrived legally “disgusting.”

Archbishop Wenski and his backers, together with a special group of Cuban Individuals, pressed on. A information convention to accuse the governor of politicking when youngsters’s lives had been at stake. An look by an unaccompanied Honduran boy who had been just lately reunited together with his mother and father in the US. And, within the weeks since, an onslaught of radio adverts blasting the governor as uncaring.

Even in Miami’s knockabout politics, the scrap has been putting, exposing a deep divide among the many former youngsters of Operation Pedro Pan, the key program run by the Catholic Church with assist from the State Division that resettled some 14,000 younger Cubans after the island’s 1959 revolution. Prior to now, this system’s beneficiaries, often known as Pedro Pans, had largely prevented making inner rifts so public. However for some Pedro Pans as we speak, both Archbishop Wenski’s comparability went too far — or Mr. DeSantis’s coverage did.

“We’re brothers and sisters, and we don’t combat with one another,” stated Carmen Valdivia, who arrived at age 12 in 1962. However, she added, the archbishop and his allies “inserted us” into the controversy. “And I resent that.”

Immigration as soon as appeared untouchable as a political challenge in Florida, again when Republicans feared that espousing harsh measures would flip away Hispanics, who make up greater than 1 / 4 of the state’s inhabitants. President Donald J. Trump modified that when he gained Florida in 2016 whereas embracing a tough line on immigration. Mr. DeSantis did a lot the identical two years later.

New state legal guidelines adopted: In 2019, Mr. DeSantis and the Republican-controlled Legislature banned so-called sanctuary cities and counties, although most analysts agreed that Florida didn’t have any to start with. Final yr, a federal decide struck down components of the regulation, calling it racially motivated. The state has appealed.

Final week, lawmakers despatched Mr. DeSantis a invoice he has championed that may prohibit state and native businesses from doing enterprise with firms that work as federal contractors transporting immigrants who crossed the border illegally. The state has not recognized any such firms, Politico reported.

On this local weather, the archbishop’s analogy evaluating Cuban youngsters from 60 years in the past to largely Central American youngsters now turned particularly contentious.

The church’s place is that each one youngsters deserve help, even when they reached American soil with out paperwork or with the assistance of paid smugglers. However critics argue that Operation Pedro Pan was completely different: an organized effort wherein youngsters — most of them from upper- and middle-class households — arrived on industrial flights with visa waivers, passports and vaccination information.

As a result of they had been fleeing Communism, Cuban Individuals benefited from particular immigration insurance policies that allowed them to extra simply stay in the US. They cemented their energy by working with each Democrats and Republicans, attempting to maintain the Cuba challenge above the partisan fray. Now, like most the whole lot else, that too has turn into tainted by polarization.

“The Pedro Pan legacy is so clear — such a excellent news story — and now it’s caught on this controversy,” lamented Tomás Regalado, a former Miami mayor and a Pedro Pan.

In December, the governor directed the Florida Division of Kids and Households to not challenge or renew licenses for shelters that home unaccompanied minors who are usually not refugees, saying he objected to the truth that the federal authorities doesn’t inform the state of what number of immigrants it relocates to Florida or who they’re.

About 11,000 unaccompanied minors had been launched to Florida sponsors — shelters, foster households and kinfolk — between October 2020 and September 2021, and greater than 4,000 from October 2021 to January 2022, in line with the federal Workplace of Refugee Resettlement.

Attorneys for the workplace have since informed the shelters that they don’t want a state license to proceed working. However the state’s proposed new rule requires {that a} resettlement settlement between the state and federal governments be in place earlier than the shelters can settle for further youngsters.

The governor’s directive prompted Archbishop Wenski — an outspoken determine with a penchant for cigars and bikes and a revving engine for a cellphone ringtone — to write down an opinion essay in January denouncing the chance that the church’s Cutler Bay shelter might lose its license. It homes about 50 youngsters now, below Covid-19 protocols, and is considered one of greater than a dozen such shelters within the state, although the one one run by the Catholic Church.

The archbishop, a son of Polish immigrants, is aware of Miami’s ethnic and racial divisions. For 18 years, he was the parish priest for predominantly Haitian church buildings, delivering Mass in Creole.

“I used to be concerned with the Haitians once they had been exhibiting up by boat on the identical time the Cubans had been exhibiting up,” he recalled in an interview.

Cubans had been thought of political refugees, and Haitians financial ones. “However if you happen to interviewed both one, Cuban or Haitian, they’d say, ‘I wish to work’ or ‘I don’t have a future in my dwelling nation,’” he stated.

Immediately’s unaccompanied minors didn’t get greater than a passing point out when Archbishop Wenski and a number of other bishops met with Mr. DeSantis in early February, the archbishop stated. The earlier night, Mr. DeSantis and his spouse, Casey, who’re Catholic, had attended the archbishop’s Pink Mass of the Holy Spirit in Tallahassee.

Archbishop Wenski stated he requested the governor on the assembly for a “win-win” that may permit the governor to criticize federal immigration coverage — which the archbishop referred to as “chaotic” — whereas additionally retaining the shelters open. The governor didn’t have interaction, the archbishop stated.

4 days later, Mr. DeSantis traveled to the American Museum of the Cuban Diaspora in Miami, the place Ms. Valdivia, who’s the museum’s govt director, hosted a number of different Pedro Pans. They shared the governor’s view that evaluating them to as we speak’s unaccompanied minors is unfair.

“There’s a whole lot of unhealthy analogies that get made in fashionable political discourse, however to equate what’s happening with the southern border with mass trafficking of people, unlawful entry, medicine, all this different stuff — with Operation Pedro Pan — fairly frankly is disgusting,” Mr. DeSantis stated.

Three days after that, Archbishop Wenski held his information convention with a special group of Pedro Pans, the Honduran household and Mike Fernández, a rich well being care govt who then financed the radio adverts in opposition to Mr. DeSantis.

“Kids are youngsters, and no little one needs to be deemed ‘disgusting,’ particularly by a public servant,” Archbishop Wenski stated — although the governor had used the phrase “disgusting” for the comparability with the Pedro Pan program, not the unaccompanied minors themselves.

A spokeswoman for Mr. DeSantis wrote on Twitter that the archbishop “lied.”

Archbishop Wenski acknowledged within the interview that his wording had been “imprecise” however maintained that the one distinction between the Pedro Pan youngsters and as we speak’s unaccompanied minors is their international locations of origin.

The political proper, which likes to defend non secular liberty, ought to permit the church to hold out its mission, he added: “Non secular freedom needs to be freedom to consider and freedom to behave on these beliefs.”

Ms. Valdivia stated she didn’t need the shelter to shut. However she stated she supported Mr. DeSantis’s demand for extra data on the migrants.

She stated she apprehensive particularly about youngsters being abused by smugglers.

Two members of the board of administrators for Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of Miami, which runs the shelter, have departed because the dispute, Ms. Valdivia stated. Each had been at odds with the archbishop over the difficulty. The group’s chief govt declined to remark, calling it an inner matter.

Final yr, the archdiocese raised $10,000 for the unaccompanied minors program at a “Havana Nights”-themed fund-raiser of mojitos and dominoes hosted on the Cuban museum’s rooftop.

Ms. Valdivia stated Archbishop Wenski was nonetheless welcome to carry the occasion there once more this yr, as is deliberate. She has already reserved the date.

Kirsten Noyes contributed analysis.