Health
A Federal Lab That Tracked Rising S.T.I.s Has Been Shuttered
Drug-resistant gonorrhea, a form of the widespread sexually transmitted infection, is considered an urgent health threat worldwide. The United States has just lost its ability to detect it.
Among the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention employees fired on Tuesday were 77 scientists who, among other work, gathered samples of gonorrhea and other S.T.I.s from labs nationwide, analyzed the genetic information for signs of drug resistance, and readied the samples for storage at a secure facility.
No other researchers at the agency have the expertise, or the software, to continue this work. The abrupt halt has stranded about 1,000 samples of gonorrhea and other sexually transmitted pathogens that had not yet been processed, and perhaps dozens more headed to the agency.
There are as many as 30 freezers full of samples that now have no custodians, said one senior C.D.C. official who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of retaliation.
“We were just really shut down midair, like there was no warning,” the official said. “It was just completely unplanned and chaotic.”
The C.D.C.’s work on S.T.I.s had taken on greater urgency in the past few years as rates of new infections soared. More than 2.4 million new S.T.I.s were diagnosed in 2023, about one million more than 20 years ago.
Nearly 4,000 babies were born with congenital syphilis in 2023. About 280 were stillborn or died soon after.
“Whoever got rid of the lab just doesn’t understand how important the lab is,” said another senior C.D.C. official who spoke on condition of anonymity.
About 600,000 new gonorrhea cases were diagnosed in the United States in 2023. The bacteria that cause gonorrhea, called Neisseria gonorrhoeae, spread through sexual contact to the genitals, rectum and throat. Left untreated, it can cause infertility and sterility, blindness in infants or even death.
Gonorrhea has become resistant to nearly every available antibiotic, leaving a single class that still snuffs it out. The most powerful defense combines a shot of ceftriaxone with azithromycin, but some evidence hints that gonorrhea is evolving to sidestep even that treatment.
Over more than 25 years, the C.D.C. lab archived about 50,000 gonorrhea samples — the largest collection in the world — which allow scientists to track how the pathogen has changed over time. It’s not clear what will happen to the samples.
One new public health strategy makes it even more important for the nation to track gonorrhea, said Dr. Jenell Stewart, an infectious diseases physician at Hennepin Healthcare in Minneapolis.
In a bid to combat resurgent syphilis and chlamydia, the C.D.C. recommended last year that gay and bisexual men and transgender women take doxycycline, a widely used antibiotic, within 72 hours of unprotected sex.
Cities like San Francisco and Seattle that had earlier endorsed the practice, called doxy-PEP, have already seen drastic drops in the rates of those infections.
But researchers are worried that widespread use of doxycycline might increase resistance to the entire class of antibiotics, called tetracyclines. A few studies suggest there may be reason to worry.
Harvard University researchers last month analyzed more than 14,000 genetic sequences generated by C.D.C. researchers and found that the proportion of gonorrhea bacteria with antibiotic resistance increased to more than 35 percent last year, from less than 10 percent in 2020.
The federal scientists who produced that data and made it publicly available have all been fired. “Without public health money and infrastructure, I’m not sure who if anyone will take up the torch to monitor gonorrhea resistance,” Dr. Stewart said.
“This is a huge loss,” she added.
Dr. Stewart and a colleague spent two years preparing the protocol and an app to study doxy-PEP in cisgender women and monitor gonorrhea resistance.
The study was supported by the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network, whose funding was slashed last month.
At least five other grants to study doxy-PEP have been terminated, along with a variety of grants at the National Institutes of Health aimed at preventing S.T.I.s, including H.I.V.
Any lab can test for S.T.I.s, but commercial tests cannot determine whether gonorrhea will respond to available treatments. C.D.C. scientists developed the only such test, and provided funding and training to a few dozen labs on the sophisticated testing.
Samples were sent to the agency for confirmation. Without the agency scientists, testing for drug sensitivity will most likely cease, several experts said.
“We cannot have a national surveillance system without a national lab,” said one scientist who leads a C.D.C.-funded lab but did not wish to be identified without authorization to speak to the media.
C.D.C. scientists were also helping to develop alternatives to the nation’s outdated syphilis test. It cannot identify an active infection, only whether someone was ever infected. The agency has three large contracts to develop new rapid syphilis tests.
But without expertise and the samples from C.D.C. scientists, it’s unclear whether that work can continue, said a senior official with knowledge of the situation.
The fired scientists had about 1,400 years of field experience between them. The official said, “These were highly trained people that are not replaceable easily.”
Health
Quitting smoking could offer a major benefit beyond heart and lung health, study finds
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People who quit smoking may reduce their risk of developing dementia later in life, according to new research.
A team of researchers at a university in China analyzed data from more than 32,000 adults over a 25-year period and found that former smokers had a lower risk of dementia compared to people who continued smoking.
The findings were published in the journal Neurology.
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During the study period, researchers documented 5,868 cases of dementia.
Participants who quit smoking during the study had a significantly lower risk of developing dementia than current smokers. Their risk was similar to people who had quit smoking before the study began and those who had never smoked.
New research suggests that quitting smoking may lower the chance of developing dementia later in life. (iStock)
The researchers also found that dementia risk continued to decline the longer a person remained smoke-free, approaching that of never-smokers after about seven years.
The benefits appeared strongest among people who gained little or no weight after quitting.
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“Our findings suggest that quitting smoking may support long-term brain health, but they also highlight that what happens after quitting matters,” lead researcher Hui Chen said in a statement.
The reduction in dementia risk was most pronounced among people who experienced little or no weight gain after they stopped smoking. (iStock)
Zaid Fadul, a Harvard-trained physician and chief medical officer of Bespoke Concierge MD who was not involved in the research, said the findings add to growing evidence that quitting smoking can help protect long-term brain health.
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“The key takeaway is that the brain appears to benefit from smoking cessation at virtually any stage,” Fadul told Fox News Digital.
“Smoking contributes to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and damage to blood vessels that supply the brain, all of which are associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk.”
Fadul said the findings should encourage smokers who may feel it is too late to quit.
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“Importantly, it is rarely ‘too late’ to quit,” he said.
“While earlier cessation offers the greatest benefit, the body and brain begin recovering soon after smoking stops.”
Experts say it is almost never too late to quit smoking, as the body and brain start to recover soon after a person stops, although quitting earlier provides the greatest health benefits. (iStock)
Improvements in circulation, reduced inflammation and better cardiovascular health can help preserve cognitive function later in life, according to Fadul.
“Every year without tobacco is a step toward lowering future dementia risk and improving overall health,” he said.
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While the findings were encouraging, the study does have limitations.
Researchers identified an association between quitting smoking and a lower risk of dementia, but the study was not designed to prove that ending smoking directly prevents the condition.
Other health, lifestyle and environmental factors may have also influenced participants’ outcomes.
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Fox News Digital reached out to the researchers for further comment.
Health
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Health
Just 5 minutes of prayer could have surprising health benefits, study finds
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Adult patients experienced significant relief from pain and anxiety after just five minutes of in-person prayer, as found in a randomized controlled trial.
The study, led by researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine’s Department of Family and Community Medicine, compared the effects of direct prayer to the effects of listening to music, revealing that prayer provided greater and more sustained relief for both symptoms.
“Prayer is powerful and beneficial on many levels,” Jesse Bradley, pastor of Grace Community Church in Washington, told Fox News Digital.
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According to statistics cited in the study, prayer is the most used form of complementary medicine in the United States, relied on by 43% of Americans.
The researchers focused on a practice known as proximal intercessory prayer (PIP), which is defined as in-person, face-to-face prayer directed toward another individual’s well-being.
The researchers tracked changes in the participants’ self-reported pain and anxiety levels at multiple intervals: immediately after the five-minute session, at two weeks and at six weeks. (iStock)
The research team recruited 180 adult patients from a family medicine waiting room, according to a press release. All participants had previously reported experiencing moderate to severe pain, anxiety or both.
Following their standard medical appointments, the patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the prayer group, in which participants received five minutes of in-person Christian prayer delivered by a trained volunteer, and the music group, where they spent five minutes listening to music.
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The researchers then tracked changes in the participants’ self-reported pain and anxiety levels at multiple intervals: immediately after the five-minute session, at two weeks and at six weeks.
“It was very well-received,” Katherine Jacobson, MD, assistant professor of family and community medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, told Fox News Digital. She noted that 97% of participants said they were “neutral or supportive” when asked about having this kind of prayer available as part of their medical visits.
An expert described the transformative power of prayer through “healing and comfort,” and shared that he himself once went through a long, painful recovery process. (iStock)
The study, which was published in The Annals of Family Medicine, revealed that while patients in both groups showed improvements, those in the prayer group reported substantially greater relief.
Bradley, who was not involved in the study, described the transformative power of prayer through “healing and comfort,” and shared that he himself once went through a long, painful recovery process.
“Daily prayer was essential in my healing journey,” he shared.
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For pain reduction, the individuals who received in-person prayer experienced greater drops in pain intensity immediately following the session. This superior level of relief remained evident during the two-week follow-up compared to the music group, the researchers found.
For anxiety reduction, the benefits of prayer were even longer-lasting. The prayer recipients reported significantly greater reductions in anxiety immediately after the session, and these positive effects remained statistically significant at both the two-week and six-week checkpoints.
The prayer recipients reported significantly greater reductions in anxiety immediately after the session, and these positive effects remained statistically significant at both the two-week and six-week checkpoints. (iStock)
“We expected that patients who expected prayer to work would benefit more, but that wasn’t what we found,” Jacobson said.
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“Religious affiliation, religious intensity and expectancy of healing did not predict who improved,” he went on. “Benefits appeared across a wide range of patients, including those not of the Christian faith and those who did not expect the intervention to help them.”
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The study had some limitations, the researchers acknowledged, primarily that it could not prove that prayer itself caused the improvements.
The team also noted that patients receiving prayer had human contact, while the music control group did not. The eye contact and gentle laying of hands from the prayer volunteers may have had an impact, as that type of contact is known to reduce pain.
The researchers suggested that PIP could serve as a low-cost, non-pharmacologic and effective complement to standard medical care. (iStock)
The authors hope to conduct future studies with a control group that receives interpersonal contact but no prayer.
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“For physicians and health systems, the study supports continuing to ask patients about spiritual care preferences as part of whole-person care, and considering whether trained Christian volunteer prayer practitioners could be integrated into outpatient settings for interested patients,” Jacobson said.
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The researchers suggest that PIP could serve as a low-cost, non-pharmacologic and effective complement to standard medical care.
Rather than replacing traditional treatments, the authors indicate that this type of brief, faith-based intervention could be integrated into primary care settings to help manage pain and anxiety.
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