Education
What Happens to Harvard if Trump Successfully Bars Its International Students?
As President Trump and his team dialed up the pressure on Harvard University last month, threatening to bar its international students, the school issued what was at once a warning and a plea.
“Without its international students, Harvard is not Harvard,” school officials wrote in a lawsuit asking a judge to stop the federal government’s actions.
It left unsaid what Harvard, if it were no longer Harvard, would become.
It’s a scenario that some inside Harvard are beginning to imagine and plan for as the Trump administration lobs attacks from all angles, seeking to cut the university off from both students and billions of dollars in federal funding.
Top leaders at Harvard, one of the nation’s oldest universities, including its provost, John F. Manning, a conservative legal scholar who once clerked for the former Supreme Court justice Antonin Scalia, are meeting more frequently to strategize.
The school’s board of trustees, the Harvard Corporation, has discussed whether hundreds, if not thousands, of people will need to be laid off.
And on 8:30 a.m. Zoom calls once or twice a week, administrative officials meet with senior leaders of Harvard’s undergraduate and graduate schools to share updates about the latest Trump developments, which keep coming rapid-fire.
Individual schools at Harvard are also making their own contingency plans. The Harvard Business School is considering moving some classes online if foreign students are barred. Facing a loss of federal funding, the T.H. Chan School of Public Health is pursuing corporate sponsors, who officials hope would sponsor Ph.D. students and post-doctorate fellows for $100,000 a year.
Several officials inside Harvard described the ways the university is planning, even as a rapidly changing situation has made it hard to see very far into the future.
Most recently, Mr. Trump issued a presidential proclamation that would bar Harvard’s international students from entering the country. Those students make up 15 percent of Harvard’s undergraduate population, and as much as a third to half of some graduate schools. Without them, Harvard would not only lose students and the tuition that comes with them, but also its status as a gathering place for the world’s brightest minds.
“We would lose influence all over the world,” said Lawrence H. Summers, who was president of Harvard from 2001 to 2006. “Instead of being the world’s pre-eminent university, after a few years, Harvard would be just another school.”
From No. 1 to just another school
By some measures, Harvard is No. 1 in the world for research, followed by 10 universities in China. After the Trump administration said it would end the school’s federal funding for research, Harvard began making plans to scale back significantly, potentially ceding ground to international competitors.
The Trump administration and Republicans in Congress are also weighing changes to how much Harvard would have to pay in taxes, including a major increase in the tax on Harvard’s endowment. Mr. Trump has also floated the idea of taking away Harvard’s tax-exempt status entirely, although that proposal faces major hurdles. (The president cannot make the decision to revoke the tax exemption himself.)
Even if only some of the scenarios came to pass, experts say, Harvard could be left in a weakened position with few modern comparisons.
It would still be a big, Ivy League institution with a student body larger than, say, Dartmouth, which has 7,000 students, compared with Harvard’s 24,500 today.
But without federal dollars or international talent, experts say, Harvard could fall out of the top tier for research, where it currently sits with competitors like Stanford University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. By sheer dollars spent, its research budget could shrink to something similar to that of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, which spent just over $800 million on research in 2023, roughly half of what Harvard spends now.
And no major university has faced losing its tax-exempt status, a move that would transform Harvard into a taxpaying corporation.
Mr. Trump’s moves are hard to predict. Harvard and others are challenging the administration’s directives, and it’s unlikely that administration officials will be able to follow through on every threat.
Legal experts have said the university’s case to restore its funding cuts is strong. But the Trump administration has also said it would decline to fund Harvard in the future, something that could be harder for the school to challenge.
Harvard could choose to negotiate. But inside the university, officials appear reluctant to do that, given the backlash they could face for capitulating to Mr. Trump. This spring, the university took out $750 million in debt, giving it some cash flow as court decisions play out.
The atmosphere is particularly tense inside the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, which relies on federal funding for 46 percent of its budget and has a student body that is about 40 percent international. Senior officials there are planning for the worst, and have called the potential changes an “existential crisis” for the school’s future.
The school is taking out a loan from the university, aggressively wooing new philanthropic dollars and cutting research by about 50 percent for next year.
The school’s dean, Dr. Andrea Baccarelli, laid out the dire situation in an email to the school’s faculty and staff this month. “We must adapt to a new world,” he said.
Harvard would lose revenue from 3 key sources
Mr. Trump and his team have targeted Harvard for what they say are violations including allowing antisemitism, discriminating on the basis of race in admissions and fostering a culture intolerant to conservative viewpoints. The administration is seeking oversight measures at the university.
Harvard has denied many of the government’s accusations and resisted its demands.
In response, the Trump administration cut all federal research dollars to Harvard, which equaled $686 million last year, or 11 percent of its total revenue. The Trump administration is also going after international students, and thus a key source of tuition revenue, because those students often pay full price.
But Harvard’s biggest source of funding is donations and payouts from its endowment, which together make up 45 percent of its revenue.
Republicans are targeting those funds as well. Harvard would pay significantly higher taxes under a Republican proposal moving through Congress to increase taxes on endowment earnings. Harvard’s taxes would rise to 21 percent, from 1.4 percent.
Republicans have said the goal is to hold accountable “woke, elite universities that operate more like major corporations.”
Liz Clark, vice president for policy and research at the National Association of College and University Business Officers, said the change would most likely mean less money for financial aid.
Harvard is the richest university in the world, with an endowment of $53.2 billion.
But legally, it cannot use most of the money to cover shortfalls, said Larry Ladd, a former budget officer at Harvard.
“Trump has pulled off something I thought I’d never see, which is he made Harvard look sympathetic,” said Richard D. Kahlenberg, a Harvard critic who supports the idea of giving admissions preferences to students with lower family incomes.
Harvard could become even more of a haven for the wealthy
Republicans have pointed to Harvard’s elite status in their criticism of the university. But in a worst-case scenario for the school, experts say, it could become even more expensive.
Harvard has historically had three times as many students from the top 1 percent of family income as from the bottom 20 percent.
But in recent years, it has tripled the share of students who are the first in their family to go to college — a group that is more likely to be lower-income or middle-class — to 20 percent, from 7 percent. Harvard also recently announced it was expanding financial aid, offering free tuition to undergraduates from families making $200,000 or less.
Harvard officials have not backed away from that promise. But they have acknowledged in court paperwork that, in certain extreme scenarios, students could lose access to financial aid.
The endowment tax alone would put pressure on the university. And without international students, it is possible that some of the university’s expenses would have to be absorbed by remaining students.
“It would become a more sheltered and elite place,” said Ted Mitchell, president of the American Council on Education.
Mr. Kahlenberg said his “big fear” was that Harvard might scale back on social mobility efforts and seek to admit more students whose families could pay full freight, nearly $87,000 a year for undergraduates, including room and board.
A Harvard spokesman declined to comment.
What is Harvard without its research might?
Perhaps the biggest change already underway at Harvard is the loss of federal research dollars, more than $3 billion in all.
What is Harvard without it?
Insiders do not believe Harvard will become just a liberal arts college. But it will almost certainly do less research.
Of nearly $1.5 billion spent on research at Harvard last year, nearly half was from the federal government.
Private philanthropy and corporate investments, plus research paid for by the university itself, would continue. But Harvard most likely could not make up for the scope of federal losses with its own dollars or even a major philanthropic investment.
At Harvard Medical School, federal dollars have been crucial to research discoveries on Alzheimer’s disease, non-opioid treatments for pain and cancer immunotherapy, the dean, Dr. George Q. Daley, said. About 60 percent of research at the school is funded by the federal government.
The school is now advising scientists to shrink the number of projects they’re working on.
Cutbacks at Harvard may not translate to a boon for other U.S. universities, however, because the Trump administration is also pursuing dramatic cuts to the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation, which would mean less money for everyone. “We might as well just grant the future of biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, quantum computing, A.I. and technology to China,” Dr. Daley said.
Some researchers are turning to the private sector to try to keep their labs afloat, but even that may be in jeopardy if the university loses its tax-exempt status.
“The likelihood that people are going to want to contribute charitable funds is significantly diminished,” said David R. Walt, a professor at Harvard Medical School who lost federal funding for research developing a technology to detect the presence and progression of Lou Gehrig’s disease, or A.L.S. He is pursuing private philanthropy to try to replace some of the lost funding.
Still, some observers have optimism for a school that has been around for close to 400 years.
“If all of this comes to pass, the incredibly smart people at Harvard will decide to reinvent Harvard,” said Mr. Mitchell of the American Council on Education.
What that may look like, though, is anyone’s guess. “It’s not like just deflating a balloon and becoming smaller,” he said. “It would be a restart.”
Education
She Tried to Help Schools Build Healthier Playgrounds. Then Her E.P.A. Grant Was Canceled.
Lost Science is an ongoing series of accounts from scientists who have lost their jobs or funding after cuts by the Trump administration. The conversations have been edited for clarity and length. Here’s why we’re doing this.
Kirsten Beyer: We had a three-year study, funded by the Environmental Protection Agency, focused on environmental health among children. We had two main aims. The first was to develop a curriculum so that Milwaukee Public Schools teachers could teach about environmental health, environmental health disparities and climate change.
The second aim was to look at the impact of schoolyard greening on health and environmental outcomes. There’s this greening initiative in Milwaukee to redevelop schoolyards. Many of them were sheets of asphalt. A lot of them were in disrepair. The redevelopment plans included things like planting trees, adding outdoor classrooms, improving storm water drainage with green infrastructure and improving sports fields and natural play spaces.
We built a study to collect data before and after. There are lots of schools around the country that have similar situations, so we were excited about sharing our results and informing other jurisdictions about the impact of this redevelopment.
We had the kids complete surveys. We measured things like social and emotional health, environmental health literacy, attitudes toward outdoor play. We also had sensors that measured their physical activity levels, time spent outdoors and where they spent time in the schoolyard. We went out and observed recess. How are kids playing? How is conflict being resolved? How engaged are the teachers or monitors? We measured air pollution and how hot those schoolyards were before greening.
We were in the field in May 2025, collecting our final post-redevelopment data, when the grant was canceled. It was a shock. We had hired people as data collectors and had a month of data collection left.
I decided to rustle up some other resources just to get data collection done. But then we had no more money to support our community partners, staff or graduate students. We had to take people off this project.
Now we’re trying to do something with all of this data that we’ve collected: process it, analyze it and, importantly, share it.
We have just piles of data. There are papers that won’t get written and data that won’t be shared because this happened.
But I can’t just abandon this work. This is important to my community partners. This is important to other schools. And this is important to all of the kids who gave us their time, all the parents who allowed us to do research with their kids. There’s a moral imperative to continue the work, albeit slowly.
Kirsten Beyer is a health geographer at the Medical College of Wisconsin.
Education
Art Abounds on Campuses Outside of New York City
The Princeton University Art Museum recently made Time magazine’s top 100 list of The World’s Greatest Places of 2026. James Steward, director of the museum that reopened on Halloween in an acclaimed new building designed by Adjaye Associates, said of the ranking, “It normalizes the idea that we are a world-class destination.”
In its first five months alone, the museum has received 250,000 visitors — more than half from outside campus (Princeton’s old museum averaged 200,000 annually).
The surge of public interest in the Princeton museum’s new home, spotlighting a global collection of more than 117,000 objects, is a timely reminder that university and college art museums are filled with unexpected treasures — often showcased in architecturally significant buildings — and are free and accessible to all. Here are several standout exhibitions at academic museums in range of New York City that are worth a visit this month, when campuses are looking their spring best for reunions and graduations.
The glorious modernist home of the Yale Center for British Art — Louis I. Kahn’s last design, completed in 1977 after his death — reopened in March 2025 after a two-year architectural conservation. In the year since, the museum has welcomed 100,000 visitors and almost 300 class visits to study its collection of more than 100,000 works from the 15th century to today that present an expansive understanding of British art and its imperial history.
“British art isn’t an island story, it’s a global story,” said Martina Droth, the center’s director. A contemporary installation by Rina Banerjee, a recent acquisition on view for the first time through Sept. 13 in the museum’s entrance court, and the exhibition “Painters, Ports, and Profits: Artists and the East India Company, 1750-1850,” up through June 21, both speak to a deep connection to India.
“If British art is shaped by movement and exchange, then in ‘Painters, Ports, and Profits’ you see British artists who traveled to India because of the East India Company and found themselves working alongside Indian artists,” Droth said. “New things happen in terms of the aesthetics of the work, and you can really see that in the exhibition.”
The 115 works are mostly drawn from the collection and almost half are by Indian artists and workshops, including “Lucknow from the Gomti,” a 37-foot panoramic scroll of life along the river in that city in Northern India and a star of the show.
Banerjee, who was born in Kolkata and lived in London before moving to New York, has remade the form of the Taj Mahal in hot-pink semi-translucent plastic. Visible from the street through the glass doors and dangling from the ceiling, her playful floating sculptural palace allows visitors to enter and discover all sorts of colonial relics and commercial baubles embedded within.
The Museums Special Section
The Johnson Museum opened in 1973 in an I.M. Pei-designed building, which rises seven stories and frames spectacular views of the landscape with its expansive vertical and horizontal windows and fifth floor cantilevered over an open porch. The global collection numbers more than 40,000 objects, with particular strength in Asian art, and college classes made 335 visits in the last academic year.
Students from Cornell’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences have spent considerable time with the exhibition “Naples: Course of Empire,” a series of seven panoramic canvases by Alexis Rockman on view through June 7, according to the museum’s curator of modern and contemporary art, Andrea Inselmann. Over the last four decades, Rockman has been a leading voice in the art world raising awareness about climate change through his paintings focused on all forms of life on Earth.
The works in this show were “inspired by Thomas Cole’s 19th-century cycle ‘The Course of Empire’ about the rise and fall of civilizations,” said Inselmann, who organized the exhibition. Taking Naples as a case study of a port city vulnerable to rising waters, Rockman used his signature style of deeply researched and lyrically rendered history painting to reimagine this landscape over geologic time starting from the Mesozoic Era. Paintings depict animals fleeing the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A.D.; a rat flying over Naples spewing a noxious plume during the bubonic plague of the 1650s; and a whale breaching before the ruins of the city in a speculative post-human future.
“I thought this would be a very appropriate show for a college context,” Inselmann said. “Especially for younger generations, I think it provides a context and an environment to talk about climate change and to express their anxieties or their hopes for the future.”
On Skidmore’s campus in Saratoga Springs, famous for its horse racing and natural mineral springs, the Tang punches above its weight for a small liberal arts college museum with an ambitious exhibition program in a striking building designed by Antoine Predock. The museum generates about a dozen shows annually — often from its collection of nearly 20,000 objects, with strengths in contemporary art and photography — and drew more than 220 class visits from across disciplines this school year.
Anchoring the Tang’s 25th anniversary season this spring is “Kathy Butterly: Assume Yes,” a three-decade retrospective of the artist’s playful, inventive and sometimes jarring small-scale ceramic sculptures on view through July 26. “Kathy bridges the generation of Robert Arneson and Viola Frey, who were her teachers and innovators that moved ceramics from a purely craft environment to a museum and art conversation, and the world we’re in today where we see ceramics in lots of different ways all over gallery exhibitions,” said the Tang director Ian Berry, who organized the show. “Kathy is a real inspiration and key figure for this current moment.”
Forty-five of her eccentric vessels — miniature three-dimensional canvases for experimental glazes and textures, often crumpling expressively on their bases — are grouped chronologically across three huge platforms serving as the “rooms” of the show. Within the constraints of small shifts in scale, from four to eight inches say, “an entire universe changes,” Berry said. The title of the show comes from one of Butterly’s works. “‘Assume’ adds a little twist to the exclamation point of ‘Yes’,” he said. “It’s optimistic, it’s upbeat, but also it has a complexity to it.”
Alongside Princeton’s encyclopedic collections, displayed throughout the museum’s stunning complex of nine interlocking modernist pavilions, is “Willem de Kooning: The Breakthrough Years, 1945-50” — the first temporary loan exhibition in the new building — on view through July 26.
The show is built around Princeton’s own 1948 painting “Black Friday” — exhibited that year in de Kooning’s debut show at the Charles Egan Gallery in New York after he had struggled there in poverty for 15 years.
“It emerged as one of the essential pictures in de Kooning’s career,” said Steward, Princeton’s museum director, who agreed to loan “Black Friday” to the Museum of Modern Art for its major de Kooning retrospective in 2011 organized by the chief curator emeritus of painting and sculpture, John Elderfield.
Now, in turn, Elderfield has co-curated this exhibition of 18 paintings, drawn from more than a dozen museums and private collections and focused on the pivotal period when de Kooning found his artistic voice and helped to pioneer Abstract Expressionism.
“It is just such an incisive project that is physically modest in scope, but not modest at all intellectually or artistically,” Steward said. “That’s a sweet spot I really want us to occupy as a great academic museum.”
Education
Today, In Short
One of my favorite podcasts is “So True With Caleb Hearon,” hosted by Hearon, a comedian. He recently appeared in “The Devil Wears Prada 2” as Miranda Priestly’s assistant. Having grown up, as Hearon put it, “fat, gay and poor” in rural Missouri, he never dreamed of booking the role “a million girls would kill for.”
Read more.
Here’s what you need to know
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Middle East: Iran said yesterday that it was reviewing an American proposal to end the war. Washington is still awaiting Tehran’s response.
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California: Last night was the final televised debate before the primary for the state’s governor. The face-off between seven candidates was tame at first, but they eventually furiously attacked one another. See what went down.
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Hantavirus: Should you worry? Public health officials say the threat to the general public remains low based on what we know. Read more about the hantavirus.
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Jeffrey Epstein: A federal judge released a suicide note believed to be written by the convicted sex offender that had been sealed for years.
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Ted Turner: Turner, the media mogul, yachtsman and creator of CNN, died yesterday at his home in Florida. He was 87.
On an online note …
A few things you didn’t really need to know but now do:
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It’s been nearly 20 years since Guy Goma’s BBC appearance became an early viral internet moment. Goma thought he was interviewing for a job when he suddenly he found himself on air. He pulled it off much better than I could have.
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How are people getting their information about health and wellness? For at least half of U.S. adults under 50, it’s through influencers or podcasters, according to a new analysis.
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Clavicular, the looksmaxxing influencer, has been charged with shooting at an alligator during a livestream.
The New York Knicks hung on to the series lead in a 108-102 thriller against the Philadelphia 76ers. Game 3 is set for tomorrow in Philadelphia.
Read more.
Before you go, a quick recommendation
Nineteen books were recognized as winners or finalists of the Pulitzer Prize. I may add some to my reading list.
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