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‘Prison after prison’: Debts trap foreigners in Vietnamese jails

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‘Prison after prison’: Debts trap foreigners in Vietnamese jails

Ho Chi Minh Metropolis, Vietnam – When Ezeigwe Evaristus Chukwuebuka, a Nigerian man accomplished his 12-year sentence for monetary fraud in Vietnam, he anticipated to fly dwelling and see his household.

Convicted in 2012, Chukwuebuka was launched 4 years early, having endured exhausting labour — outlined by the Vietnamese authorities as ‘rehabilitation’. Nonetheless, as an alternative of getting on a aircraft to Nigeria, he was transferred to a detention centre one hour southeast of Ho Chi Minh Metropolis in Lengthy An province.

Chukwuebuka was detained within the centre for 2 years, at instances held in solitary confinement along with his ankles locked in iron shackles as guards pepper-sprayed his face.

He was lastly launched on November 16 after paying 39 million Vietnamese dong ($1,660) in courtroom charges and 230 million Vietnamese dong ($9,810) in compensation to the victims of his crime. An additional 675 million Vietnamese dong ($27,800), unclaimed by victims, was written off.

“It’s horrible. It’s jail after jail,” Chukwuebuka informed Al Jazeera. “I used to be critically humiliated, locked up in a darkish, pungent, small room with out a bathroom, and my legs locked up in bars for 2 weeks.”

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“Racism, insults, and carelessness,” he added, “is a traditional means of the police.”

Though Chukwuebuka was launched, he says the state of affairs for these nonetheless in detention stays difficult.

Trại Giam Lengthy Hòa, the advanced the place the detainees are being held, additionally features a jail and detention services for Vietnamese juvenile offenders and intercourse employees.

Chukwuebuka says no less than 16 overseas detainees are being held long-term on the detention centre, which he says may maintain as many as 100 folks. Among the many inmates are nationals from Malaysia, Cambodia, South Africa, the Netherlands, Korea, Nigeria, Taiwan, The Philippines, Hong Kong and a Bulgarian twin nationwide. All are being detained till they’ll repay courtroom charges and fines in addition to present compensation to victims they’re deemed to owe because of their crimes.

Al Jazeera spoke to seven different detainees within the detention centre, all of whom mentioned they consider they’ll by no means be launched attributable to difficulties in arranging cost of their alleged money owed. One man from the Netherlands has been within the centre because it first opened in 2017.

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“It’s completely stunning that Vietnam is holding overseas prisoners in what quantities to a debtors’ jail, with no hope of launch,” mentioned Phil Robertson, deputy director for Human Rights Watch’s Asia division.

Cletus Chimaobi Hillary says that after being transferred to the detention centre his legs have been shackled [Courtesy of Joel Richards]

“There’s actually no justification for such outrageous therapy, which constitutes arbitrary detention in clear violation of Article 9 of the Worldwide Covenant on Civil and Political Rights [ICCPR] ratified by Vietnam.”

Cletus Chimaobi Hillary, a 43-year-old Nigerian man sentenced to 12 years in 2014 for misappropriating greater than $30,000, has been within the centre for the previous 19 months after finishing his jail time period, with a discount in his sentence.

Like Chukwuebuka, he has been confined to a darkish room, his ankles shackled.

He too says he has been pepper-sprayed by guards.

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“From what I’m seeing, listening to right here, there isn’t a hope of being launched,” Hillary mentioned in written correspondence.

“I can’t pay this enormous amount of cash whereas inside right here. No technique of communication, no means of creating wealth or borrowing cash from someplace, from inside right here.”

‘One other life sentence’

A Vietnamese human rights employee, who requested to stay nameless citing the sensitivity of the problem, mentioned the authorized foundation for centres just like the Lengthy Hòa advanced is ambiguous because of the obscure legal guidelines underpinning their actions.

Decree No: 65/2020/ND-CP pertains to foreigners who’ve completed serving their jail phrases however stay in detention earlier than they’re both deported or capable of settle fines and compensation.

Articles 17.4 and 18 cowl cost of compensation in keeping with the courtroom’s ruling. If people are unable to pay, the case will be settled in keeping with the legislation on the enforcement of civil judgements, by which each the state and victims might have a say on the compensation of fines and compensation.

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However the actuality, in keeping with the rights employee, is a authorized black gap that’s exhausting to flee with out the settlement of the alleged debt or the help of a overseas embassy.

Christopher Osinanna Nwadik wearing a floral shirt and has his hand at his forehead.
Christopher Osinanna Nwadike says he feels ‘deserted’ [Courtesy of Joel Richards]

Tye Quickly Hin, a 42-year-old Malaysian, was jailed for 12 years alongside two of his fellow residents for utilizing faux bank cards to steal cash in 2014.

Since finishing their sentences greater than three years in the past — additionally with a discount —  they’ve been held within the detention centre owing a mixed sum of $60,000.

One of many trio, Teh Chee Wan, can afford to repay the cash he owes however has been informed he can’t be launched till all three, who have been tried collectively, have settled their money owed.

Not one of the detainees, nonetheless, are allowed to work to repay the funds.

“It feels actually unfair,” Hin informed Al Jazeera. “I paid the worth of the crime that I did, however I’m nonetheless locked [up] and handled like a prisoner right here.”

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Hilton Gomez, one other Malaysian who has spent 20 months in the detention centre owing about $12,700 in courtroom fines after serving 20 years of a life sentence for drug trafficking, mentioned: “I used to be all the time informed that if I abide with the principles and rules of the jail, I might be given a leniency yearly in order that I may be part of my household quickly. I had labored exhausting within the considered assembly my mum and daughters, however in actuality, now it appears to be like like I shall be right here for one more life sentence.”

Insufficient healthcare

Quite a few detainees complained to Al Jazeera of insufficient healthcare within the detention centre.

Chan King Fai, a 65-year-old detainee from Hong Kong, has been held for greater than three years over a debt of about $17,000 since finishing his jail time period for fraud.

“I’ve hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart downside, however the worst is my tooth, as a result of my synthetic tooth [fell out] two years in the past. I urge the officers to let me repair it. However till as we speak, they nonetheless reject my utility. About two years, I can’t eat.”

Christopher Osinanna Nwadike, a Nigerian sentenced to 4 years imprisonment for fraud, owes roughly $5,700. He has been within the detention centre for about 4 months and says he feels “deserted”.

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“Earlier than my arrest, I had an operation for appendicitis,” he mentioned. “Nonetheless, throughout my sentence interval and till now I’ve been having pains in my decrease stomach and a critical knee ache. I’ve been requesting for a medical check-up, however till now my request has not been attended to.”

“A buddy has managed to pay for me the courtroom fines and costs,” he added. “As for the sufferer’s compensation, she can’t be discovered on the handle offered, and in keeping with the individual accountable for this case … the sufferer has not come to indicate any curiosity within the refund for over 4 years now.”

Vietnam’s Ministry of International Affairs, which is answerable for coping with overseas journalists, didn’t reply to a request for remark.

Prisoners working as construction labourers at what appears to be a cultural site
Many inmates labored as labourers whereas in Thu Duc jail, securing reductions of their sentences. However some discover they continue to be in detention over alleged unpaid money owed [Chris Humphrey/Al Jazeera]

The detention centre for foreigners is barely talked about in Vietnamese state media, though the Lengthy Hòa advanced obtained media consideration in 2019 when a 17-year-old Vietnamese inmate died after being overwhelmed by employees.

The Netherlands’s embassy confirmed it was offering consular help to a citizen detained in Lengthy An province. All different related embassies have been approached for remark however had not responded by the point of publication.

Vietnam’s therapy of inmates has come underneath scrutiny lately, with guards filmed utilizing electrical shocks towards inmates and imprisoned activists reportedly tortured and shackled, whereas beatings and compelled labour stay commonplace in drug detention centres.

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On September 1, Vietnam introduced it will grant amnesty to 2,434 prisoners, together with 16 overseas nationals. Collectively, they paid a mixed complete of 67 billion Vietnamese dong (about $2.8m) in fines earlier than they have been launched.

Not thought of prisoners, not one of the detainees in Lengthy An province have been eligible for the amnesty.

“The heinous therapy these detainees are receiving, together with shackling and verbal and bodily intimidation and violence, may represent torture, which isn’t permitted underneath worldwide legislation,” Robertson mentioned.

He recommended the Vietnamese authorities ought to coordinate with the embassies of the detainees to rearrange their repatriation to their dwelling international locations.

“Hanoi may work with these embassies,” Robertson added, “and maybe the IOM’s [International Organization for Migration] Assisted Voluntary Return programme, to discover a fast, rights-respecting answer involving launch and departure of those foreigners, who’ve suffered for much too lengthy in unjust detention.”

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Cinematography Work at Camerimage Festival ‘Radically Different,’ Jury Members Say

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Cinematography Work at Camerimage Festival ‘Radically Different,’ Jury Members Say

Jurors at the EnergaCamerimage cinematography fest say the Golden Frog main competition films have been remarkably varied and inspiring in the event’s 32nd edition.

The 12 competing films “were radically different from each other,” said “Barbie” and “Killers of the Flower Moon” cinematographer Rodrigo Prieto, whose directorial debut, “Pedro Paramo,” is also screening at the fest. “I enjoyed that.”

The varied styles, approaches and storytellers, he added, defied easy categorization. “Happily, I didn’t notice trends, which I have noticed sometimes in the past in some festivals.”

Juror Anthony Dod Mantle, who won Golden Frogs in 2008 for his lensing of “Slumdog Millionaire” and in 2016 for “Snowden,” said, “I’ve been to this festival before and the overall collection of films and categories, I felt, was even wider. I feel slight absence of certain films from other ethnic backgrounds. They were different, these films, but they could be far more different.”

Greater diversity and inclusion in cinematography has justly been a hot topic this year at Camerimage, he added. “It’s good we embrace that, celebrate it here, because not many festivals do that.”

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Dod Mantle described the current state of cinematography, based on what the jury’s seen this week, as “openly variable and that’s why we praise some films rather than others because they challenge convention.”

He also described the industry as “in a bit of a pickle,” adding, “We know that. We have to applaud ourselves and embrace and encourage every single essence of, molecule of, exploration and challenging cinema.”

Juror Lukasz Zal, who filmed “The Zone of Interest” and “Cold War,” said “I feel really inspired. I feel this kind of positive envy when you just see something which you admire, and love – cinema is still in good condition.”

And, he added, “I’m becoming hopeful that, OK, there’s still a lot to discover. For this, I really love Camerimage. When I was here, when I was a student, I was always coming back home after festival, with this feeling, kind of eager to work, to prepare and to just be really open and be full of ideas.”
Spending time here again as a top professional in his field, Zal said, “I feel again like a student.”

Juror Cate Blanchett said it’s clear cinematography has no crisis of creativity currently.

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Instead, there’s a different issue: “The pickle is how one gets access and is able to see these films in the way that they’re intended to be seen.”

Technology advances in the field are also helping storytelling onscreen evolve, she added, rather than distracting from it. “Sometimes you can see there’s been huge technical advances made, or there’s been big innovations, and they haven’t yet been integrated into the stories that they’re being applied to. Whereas I thought there were so many films here that have really integrated the technology and in a completely adventurous and inventive way that was not pretentious. It was very interwoven and enmeshed with the performances and the stories.”

Jury duty at Camerimage is rewarding, said Dod Mantle, because the Golden Frog award can often help promising cinematographers break through to booming careers.

He described the potential effect of the award as “enormous.”

“The first time I came here, in competition,” he recalled, “it illustrated for me the jury was embracing cinema, celebrating something different and challenging.”

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Cinematographers are keenly aware of the judgment of their peers, Dod Mantle added. “You feel quite vulnerable here. I’ve seen cinematographers leave the festival and go spend the weekend in Krakow and come back. The frog, ultimately is a beautiful thing celebrating our colleagues’ work.”

Juror Anna Higgs, a producer and columnist who works closely with BAFTA, said, “I think we should normalize cinematographers getting asked for their autographs – the fact that this frog is the idolized thing here.”

Blanchett added, “It’s very rare that you go to a festival where every single person in the auditorium sits right through the credit roll to the very end.” She noted “the respect that is shown to every single crewmember.”

Prieto recalled the impact of his own Golden Frog cinematography win in 2000 for “Amores Perros” fondly. “I do cherish that frog. It’s wonderful to get a frog, but more than anything, it’s a place where cinematography is the focus and is celebrated, and to share that obsession with so many people, and the energy of that, is really wonderful.”

Zal had a similar career boost, he said, after winning for lensing “Ida” by Pawel Pawlikowski in 2013. “That’s really the moment when somehow my career changed. I was always dreaming while having student films here.  And it was beautiful to get an award from colleagues and being here and being among amazing cinematographers.

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“I was put in competition with the people who I admire. Even now, sitting with Rodrigo, who for me was a huge inspiration. I was shooting my films in school inspired by ‘Amores Perros.’ Now we’re sitting together on the jury. That’s amazing, that’s beautiful.”

Blanchett described the close proximity of students and top international lensers as a unique strength of Camerimage, praising “the mentorship that goes on, how you’ll champion the works of other people.”

“I think that’s why it’s so vitally important that there’s an increased level of female participation. Because of the networking and mentorship opportunities and championing the work. The conversations and the opportunities that arise from those conversations are really important.”

Oscar-winning costume designer Sandy Powell (“Shakespeare in Love,” “The Aviator” and “The Young Victoria”) and cinematographer and documentary filmmaker Jolanta Dylewska also served on the Camerimage jury, calling earlier this week for greater diversity and inclusion in the industry.

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Ukraine to analyze fragments of missile fired by Russia capable of carrying nuclear warheads

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Ukraine to analyze fragments of missile fired by Russia capable of carrying nuclear warheads

Investigators in Ukraine are analyzing the debris of a new intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) fired by Russia at the city of Dnipro on Thursday, marking the first time the weapon had been used on the battlefield.

On Sunday, Ukraine’s Security Service showed the remaining fragments of the IRBM called Oreshnik – Russian for Hazel Tree – that struck a factory to The Associated Press.

Russian President Vladimir Putin confirmed the attack on Thursday evening in an address to the nation and said it was in direct response to the U.S. and the U.K. jointly approving Ukraine’s use of Western-supplied long-range missiles to target Russia.

The Pentagon has said the missile is based on Russia’s RS-26 Rubezh intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), though the wreckage has not yet been analyzed, according to security officials on site in an undisclosed location in Ukraine.

‘NEW’ RUSSIAN MISSILE USED AGAINST UKRAINE NOT HYPERSONIC, DEFENSE OFFICIALS SAY

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Fragments of a rocket which struck Dnipro on November 21 are seen at a center for forensic analysis in undisclosed location, Ukraine, Sunday Nov. 24, 2024. (AP Photo/Evgeniy Maloletka)

The AP and other media were permitted to view the fragments before being taken over by investigators.

The wire service showed images of what it described as mangled and charred wires, along with an ashy airframe about the size of a large snow tire. The remains were all that were left of the IRBM, which can carry nuclear or conventional warheads.

“It should be noted that this is the first time that the remains of such a missile have been discovered on the territory of Ukraine,” a specialist with Ukraine’s Security Service said. The specialist only identified himself by his first name Oleh because he was not authorized to discuss the issue with the media.

1,000 DAYS OF WAR IN UKRAINE AS ZELENSKYY DOUBLES DOWN ON AERIAL OPTIONS WITH ATACMS, DRONES AND MISSILES

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Fragments of a rocket which struck Dnipro on November 21 are seen at a center for forensic analysis in undisclosed location, Ukraine, Sunday Nov. 24, 2024.  (AP Photo/Evgeniy Maloletka)

Ukraine’s Main Intelligence Directorate said the missile was launched from the 4th Missile Test Range, Kapustin Yar, in Russia’s Astrakhan region. Once launched, Ukrainian officials said, it flew for 15 minutes before striking Dnipro. The missile was carrying six warheads, each carrying six subunitions, and its speed was Mach 11.

Last week, Deputy Pentagon press secretary Sabrina Singh confirmed to reporters during a press briefing that Russia had launched the IRBM, noting that it was a “new type of lethal capability that was employed on the battlefield.”

She also said the U.S. was notified briefly before the launch through nuclear or risk reduction channels.

US EMBASSY IN KYIV CLOSED AS ‘POTENTIAL SIGNIFICANT AIR ATTACK’ LOOMS

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Fragments of a rocket which struck Dnipro on November 21 are seen at a center for forensic analysis in undisclosed location, Ukraine, Sunday Nov. 24, 2024. (AP Photo/Evgeniy Maloletka)

Putin also said last week that the missile attacked targets at a speed of Mach 10.

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Despite Ukraine’s and Putin’s claim that the rocket reached speeds greater than Mach 10, two U.S. defense officials told Fox News on Thursday the missile was not hypersonic, which, according to NASA, is a speed greater than 3,000 mph and faster than Mach 5.

Along with launching the IRBM for the first time on the battlefield, Putin signed a law to grant debt forgiveness to those who enlist in Russia’s army to fight in Ukraine.

US BRIEFED UKRAINE AHEAD OF PUTIN’S ‘EXPERIMENTAL INTERMEDIATE-RANGE BALLISTIC’ ATTACK

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Fragments of a rocket which struck Dnipro on November 21 are seen at a center for forensic analysis in undisclosed location, Ukraine, Sunday Nov. 24, 2024. (AP Photo/Evgeniy Maloletka)

The AP reported that the measure highlights the country’s need for military personnel as it continues its war against Ukraine.

Russian state news agency Interfax said the new legislation allows new recruits enlisting for a one-year contract, to write off debts up to 10 million rubles, or about $96,000.

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The law reportedly applies to debts in which a court order for collection was issued, and enforcement proceedings had commenced before Dec. 1, 2024. The legislation also applies to spouses of new recruits.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.

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Voters in Switzerland say no to bigger motorways

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Voters in Switzerland say no to bigger motorways

The federal government argues that the volume of traffic on the motorway network has increased more than five times over the past sixty years.

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Swiss voters took to the polls on Sunday to vote no to bigger motorways, no to easier evictions and tighter subletting rules and yes to a new healthcare financing model.

The Swiss government’s proposal to allocate €5.3 million for expanding motorways and constructing new roads at six key locations, including near Bern and between Geneva and Lausanne, was rejected by 52.7% of voters.

The plan, approved by parliament last year, faced opposition from those concerned about its environmental impact and effectiveness.

The federal government, argues that the volume of traffic on the motorway network has increased more than five times over the past 60 years.

The result was celebrated by the Green Party which called the proposal “an out-of-date transport policy”.

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Together with left-wing and environmental groups, the Greens campaigned against the project, highlighting its environmental impact and the concern that wider roads would only lead to more traffic. They now advocate for the funds to be used for public transport, active mobility, and the renovation of existing motorways.

Mattea Meyer from the no camp expressed her satisfaction with the referendum result.

“I am incredibly pleased that a majority of the population does not want a highway expansion, and instead wants more climate protection, a transport transition that is climate-compatible, which the highway expansion is not,” she said.

According to local media to counter this decision the yes campaign, plans on moving forward with expansion projects separately through agglomeration programs, reducing the chance for cantonal referendums.

No to easier evictions

On Sunday, Swiss voters decided on multiple housing issues, such as subletting and lease termination.

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53.8% of them rejected the proposal which would make it easier for landlords to terminate leases early in order to use properties for their own purposes.

Additionally, 51.6% voted against a plan for stricter regulations on subletting residential and commercial properties. According to local media, these issues attracted significant attention because tenancy laws affect the majority of Swiss citizens, with about 60% of the population renting their homes, the highest rate in Europe.

The proposal to ease eviction rules faced strong opposition, especially in French-speaking cantons, with Geneva seeing 67.8% of its voters against the plan due to the city’s ongoing housing shortage.

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