Hawaii
The push to save one of Hawaii’s only voyaging temples

Koa Heiau Holomoana is an ancient Hawaiian heiau (traditional Hawaiian place of worship) that was used to train navigators for ocean voyaging by using the alignments of the stones with the stars.
Hawaii Land Trust/Shibby Stylee
On Hawaii Island, in the hills of North Kohala overlooking the Pacific, a unique Hawaiian cultural site sits beneath the stars, free from light pollution. The ancient Hawaiian heiau, or temple, called Koa Heiau Holomoana, is one of the rare few dedicated to long-distance ocean voyaging. Some think it was built over a thousand years ago. A training ground for navigators, its standing stones are aligned, with keen precision, with islands on the other side of the Pacific, farther than the eye can see.
For decades, the coastline of North Kohala has been under threat of resort development, and the island’s county council supported its development.
Despite community opposition, one after the other, developers proposed large hotels, condos, homes and an 18-hole golf course on land that contains this sacred heiau and 174 other historic cultural sites, such as shrines, burials and trails.
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Hawaii Land Trust is raising $20 million to save Mahukona from resort development.
Hawaii Land Trust
When the latest developer’s plans fell through, the Kohala community partnered with the nonprofit Hawaii Land Trust to try to buy the 642 acres and preserve the land into perpetuity. “There’s been a very, very long-term community use of Mahukona for a bunch of things, from recreation to cultural practice to subsistence gathering, and the community was worried that had that resort been developed, they would have lost access and ability to continue those practices,” Olu Campbell, CEO of Hawaii Land Trust, told SFGATE.
Hawaii Land Trust is actively campaigning to raise $20 million, to be used to purchase the land from a holding company, as part of an agreement that expires on Dec. 15. It has raised enough funds to acquire the property, but needs the total amount to support immediate stewardship activities. “I’m optimistic, but yeah, there’s definitely a chance that [we won’t reach it]. We’re about $1.3 million away from completing that goal,” said Campbell. The purchase would create 4 miles of protected coastline, including Kapaa Beach Park to the north and Lapakahi State Historical Park to the south.
“It allows us to continue to steward Koa Heiau Holomoana,” Chadd Paishon, expert navigator and executive director of Na Kalai Waa, a Hawaii Island organization that perpetuates traditional ocean voyaging. (Aside from the coastal trail, Mahukona is on private property and visitors are not allowed to visit the heiau without permission from Hawaii Land Trust.)
The Makalii is Hawaii Island’s long-distance voyaging canoe that’s part of Na Kalai Waa.
Hawaii Land Trust
Cultural revitalization
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Long before modern-day GPS and even prior to the invention of the compass, Polynesians voyaged across the islands of the Pacific by using the positioning of the stars, moon, sun and ocean swells to navigate their way. They traveled between Hawaii and the South Pacific on voyaging canoes for centuries. But for unknown reasons, voyaging declined and ceased in Hawaii around the 14th century. Some surmise that the voyagers’ time and energy turned to cultivating land for its growing population.
It wasn’t until the 1970s that Hawaiians, with the help of Micronesian master navigator Mau Piailug, rekindled their relationship with the voyaging traditions by building the double-hulled canoe Hokulea and sailing successfully to Tahiti in 1976.
Na Kalai Waa’s founders Clay and Shorty Bertelmann were involved in this resurgence of voyaging — and, in the 1990s, when they were building Makalii, their voyaging canoe for Hawaii Island, kupuna (elders) from Kohala introduced them, and Paishon, to Koa Heiau Holomoana.
“It had been in their family for generations,” said Paishon. “In the stories that we have learned, that particular heiau was used as a training ground, a school for potential navigators. And because we’re continuing that tradition of voyaging, they wanted us to know about the place and really to care for it. And so we basically, still utilize that heiau as our school.”
The Hawaii Island canoe Makalii is housed at Mahukona, where Chadd Paishon of Na Kalai Waa uses the navigational heiau as a school for navigators.
Hawaii Land Trust/Shibby Stylee
Archaeoastronomical connections
The navigational heiau looks a bit different compared with other heiau in Hawaii, such as the large, stacked-stone heiau at Puukohola on Hawaii Island or the large enclosures of heiau Puu O Mahuka on Oahu. In contrast, Koa Heiau Holomoana is made up of upright stones pointing toward the sky. Paishon says its construction is similar to others found atop the island’s volcanoes and on Mokumanamana in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
Like a map, the heiau’s standing stones are aligned with the stars used by navigators to lead to certain islands, Paishon explains. They’re pointed across the Pacific, toward Samoa, Cook Islands, Tahiti and the Marquesas. The stones are also not from Mahukona – they were brought to this spot long ago from other Pacific islands.
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Koa Heiau Holomoana continues to be used solely as a school for students practicing traditional navigation and is not open to visitation.
Hawaii Land Trust
Paishon says Na Kalai Waa takes student navigators to the heiau to teach them about these connections between stones, stars and other Pacific islands. “It’s about understanding what islands are connected to which stones, so that in the process of the movement of the stars, you can see which stars align to certain stones and whether the other stars are in alignment to those particular stones,” he says.
The heiau helps prepare students before a voyage. Their next long-distance voyage is in two years. If construction had proceeded at Mahukona, development would have obscured the night sky, making it impossible to continue the practice, which is why Paishon sees this purchase as a necessary step for conservation. “It allows that part of our culture to continue,” he says.
Editor’s note: SFGATE recognizes the importance of diacritical marks in the Hawaiian language. We are unable to use them due to the limitations of our publishing platform.
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Hawaii
Rescued Hawaiian monk seals released after receiving life-saving care

HONOLULU (HawaiiNewsNow) – Four rescued Hawaiian monk seals were recently released back into the wild.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries said the seals received care at the Marine Mammal Center’s Hawaiian monk seal hospital in Ke Kai Ola.
Seals DT46, a male, and DT48, a female, were rescued by NOAA’s seasonal field camp staff in Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument, officials said.
Both pups were underweight and had a 1% chance of survival. They were treated for malnourishment and gastrointestinal parasites before being released earlier this month, NOAA said.
Officials said that R419 was also malnourished and had multiple infected injuries along with large and small abscesses on his back.
There were also traumatic injuries on his right front flipper that caused the partial loss of his middle digit and fractures to four of the five digits. He was released after treatment in April, NOAA said.
RS52 was rescued on Maui after being observed losing weight at an alarming rate and treated for malnourishment and gastrointestinal parasites, officials said.
He was released in January and has since been seen around the south shores of Maui and recently on Lanai, where he was born in 2023, NOAA said.
Monk seals in need of help can be reported to NOAA’s Marine Wildfire Hotline at (888) 256-9840.
Copyright 2025 Hawaii News Now. All rights reserved.
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Hawaii
Hawaii land board vote rejecting environmental study deals setback to Army combat training
HONOLULU — Hawaii’s land board rejected the Army’s environmental impact statement to retain land on the Big Island used for live-fire training, a vote some Native Hawaiian leaders say reflects a growing distrust of the U.S. military in the islands.
The state Board of Land and Natural Resources voted Friday after members considered voluminous written testimony and listened to hours of oral comments, including from many in the Native Hawaiian community citing environmental destruction and cultural desecration.
The Army calls the Pohakuloa Training Area the “premier” combat training grounds in the Pacific theater for all U.S. ground forces, including the Army, Marines, Navy and Air Force.
Board Chair Dawn Chang later called the vote “one of the hardest decisions that I have had to make.”
Chang said the decision was based on the adequacy of the environmental review, and not about the merits of whether the Army should not conduct training in Hawaii. No decision has been made on the Army’s longterm lease request. The Army’s lease for 23,000 acres (9,308 hectares) is set to expire in 2029.
What happens next is up to the Army, Chang said.
The Army, noting that the environmental impact statement was created with community input, said in a statement it was observing a 30-day waiting period. After that, the Army will determine how much land it will seek to retain.
In this photo provided by the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, people gather in an overflow area outside a state building in Honolulu, Friday, May 9, 2025, to watch a land board meeting about an environmental impact statement for an Army training site. Credit: AP
The vote was a “pleasant surprise” to activists who are concerned that military training in Hawaii harms island aquifers, sensitive wildlife and ancient Hawaiian burials, said Healani Sonoda-Pale, a Native Hawaiian activist. It was unexpected because of the military’s economic stronghold on Hawaii, she said.
“Friday’s vote is a real shift,” Sonoda-Pale told The Associated Press Monday. “I think the shift here happened because of the Red Hill spill. The military lost a lot of trust and respect.”
In 2021, jet fuel leaked into the Navy water system serving 93,000 people on and around the Pearl Harbor base. It sickened thousands in military housing and heightened concerns about leaks at the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility.
The military eventually agreed to drain the tanks, amid state orders and protests from Native Hawaiians and other Hawaii residents worried about the threat posed to Honolulu’s water supply. The tanks sit above an aquifer supplying water to 400,000 people in urban Honolulu.
“U.S. Army Hawai‘i understands and deeply respects the concerns expressed by community members, cultural practitioners, and environmental advocates regarding the Army’s presence and activities at Pōhakuloa Training Area,” Lt. Col. Tim Alvarado, U.S. Army Garrison Pōhakuloa commander, said in a statement. “We recognize that past actions have caused harm and eroded trust, and we continue to seek a balance with consideration for the cultural and environmental significance of this land.”
The U.S. Army is seeking to return nearly 3,300 acres (1,335 hectares) of leased lands back to the state and retain 19,700 acres (7,972 hectares) to sustain training, the Army statement said.
Hawaii’s congressional delegation issued a joint statement saying they “believe there can be a path forward that accounts for the critical importance of Hawaii’s role in our country’s national security strategy and fundamentally respects and responds to the needs of the people of Hawaii.”
In a statement, Gov. Josh Green acknowledged the rejected environmental impact statement presents challenges but doesn’t end the conversation: “This is a time for collaboration, not division, as we seek balanced solutions that honor both our heritage and our future.”
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