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An ocean first: Underwater drone tracks CO2 in Alaska gulf

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An ocean first: Underwater drone tracks CO2 in Alaska gulf


SEWARD, Alaska — Within the chilly, uneven waters of Alaska’s Resurrection Bay, all eyes have been on the grey water, on the lookout for one factor solely.

It wasn’t a spout from humpback whales that energy via this scenic fjord, or a sea otter lazing on its again, munching a king crab.

As an alternative, everybody aboard the Nanuq, a College of Alaska Fairbanks analysis vessel, was wanting the place a 5-foot lengthy, vibrant pink underwater sea glider surfaced.

The glider — believed to be the primary configured with a big sensor to measure carbon dioxide ranges within the ocean — had simply accomplished its first in a single day mission.

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Designed to dive 3,281 toes and roam distant components of the ocean, the autonomous automobile was deployed within the Gulf of Alaska this spring to supply a deeper understanding of the ocean’s chemistry within the period of local weather change. The analysis may very well be a significant step ahead in ocean greenhouse fuel monitoring, as a result of till now, measuring CO2 concentrations — a quantifier of ocean acidification — was principally completed from ships, buoys and moorings tethered to the ocean ground.

“Ocean acidification is a course of by which people are emitting carbon dioxide into the ambiance via their actions of burning fossil fuels and altering land use,” mentioned Andrew McDonnell, an oceanographer with the Faculty of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences on the College of Alaska Fairbanks.

Oceans have completed people an enormous favor by taking in among the C02. In any other case, there can be far more within the ambiance, trapping the solar’s warmth and warming the Earth.

An underwater glider bobbing within the Gulf of Alaska. The glider was fitted with particular sensors to check ocean acidification.
AP Photograph/Mark Thiessen

“However the issue is now that the ocean is altering its chemistry due to this uptake,” mentioned Claudine Hauri, an oceanographer with the Worldwide Arctic Analysis Middle on the college.

The big quantity of information collected is getting used to check ocean acidification that may hurt and kill sure marine life.

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Rising acidity of the oceans is affecting some marine organisms that construct shells. This course of may kill or make an organism extra vulnerable to predators.

Over a number of weeks this spring, Hauri and McDonnell, who’re married, labored with engineers from Cyprus Subsea Consulting and Providers, which offered the underwater glider, and 4H-Jena, a German firm that offered the sensor inserted into the drone.

Most days, researchers took the glider farther and farther into Resurrection Bay from the coastal group of Seward to conduct exams.

This May 4, 2022, photo shows an underwater glider being pulled apart on the University of Alaska Fairbanks research vessel Nanuq in the Gulf of Alaska to allow a sensor inside to be swapped out.
An underwater glider is being pulled aside on the College of Alaska Fairbanks analysis vessel Nanuq within the Gulf of Alaska to permit a sensor inside to be swapped out.
AP Photograph/Mark Thiessen

After its first nighttime mission, a crew member noticed it bobbing within the water, and the Nanuq — the Inupiat phrase for polar bear — backed as much as let folks pull the 130-pound glider onto the ship. Then the sensor was faraway from the drone and rushed into the ship’s cabin to add its information.

Consider the foot-tall sensor with a diameter of 6 inches as a laboratory in a tube, with pumps, valves and membranes shifting to separate the fuel from seawater. It analyzes CO2 and it logs and shops the information inside a temperature-controlled system. Many of those sensor elements use battery energy.

Because it’s the business normal, the sensor is similar as discovered on any ship or lab working with CO2 measurements.

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Hauri mentioned utilizing this was “an enormous step to have the ability to accommodate such an enormous and energy hungry sensor, in order that’s particular about this undertaking.”

“I feel she is without doubt one of the first individuals to truly make the most of [gliders] to measure CO2 straight, in order that’s very, very thrilling,” mentioned Richard Feely, the Nationwide Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s senior scientist on the company’s Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory in Seattle. He mentioned Hauri was a graduate scholar in 2007 when she accompanied him on the primary acidification cruise he ever led.

The problem, Feely mentioned, is to make the measurements on a glider with the identical diploma of accuracy and precision as exams on board ships.

“We have to get confidence in our measurements and confidence in our fashions if we’re going to make vital scientific statements about how the oceans are altering over time and the way it’s going to impression our vital financial methods which might be depending on the meals from the ocean,” he mentioned, noting that acidification impacts are already seen within the Pacific Northwest on oysters, Dungeness crabs and different species.

Researchers in Canada had beforehand connected a smaller, prototype CO2 sensor to an underwater drone within the Labrador Sea however discovered it didn’t but meet the targets for ocean acidification observations.

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“The exams confirmed that the glider sensor labored in a remote-harsh setting however wanted extra improvement,” Nicolai von Oppeln-Bronikowski, the Glider Program Supervisor with the Ocean Frontier Institute at Memorial College of Newfoundland, mentioned in an e mail.

The 2 groups are “simply utilizing two several types of sensors to resolve the identical challenge, and it’s all the time good to have two totally different choices,” Hauri mentioned.

There is no such thing as a GPS unit contained in the underwater autonomous drone. As an alternative, after being programmed, it heads out by itself to cruise the ocean in accordance with the navigation instructions — realizing how far to go down within the water column, when to pattern, and when to floor and ship a locator sign so it may be retrieved.

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Because the drone exams have been underway, the US analysis vessel Sikuliaq, owned by the Nationwide Science Basis and operated by the college, performed its personal two-week mission within the gulf to take carbon and pH samples as a part of ongoing work every spring, summer time and fall.

These strategies are restricted to amassing samples from a hard and fast level whereas the glider will be capable of roam all around the ocean and supply researchers with a wealth of information on the ocean’s chemical make-up.

The imaginative and prescient is to in the future have a fleet of robotic gliders working in oceans throughout the globe, offering a real-time glimpse of present circumstances and a strategy to higher predict the longer term.

“We are able to … perceive far more about what’s occurring within the ocean than we’ve got been earlier than,” McDonnell mentioned.

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Alaska

Report identifies opportunities restoring access to SE Alaska fisheries – The Cordova Times

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Report identifies opportunities restoring access to SE Alaska fisheries – The Cordova Times


Floating oyster growing system by Erik O’Brien at Larsen Bay, Kodiak. Photo courtesy of Erik O’Brien

A new report compiled by the Alaska Sustainable Fisheries Trust (ASFT) in Sitka finds that Southeast Alaska communities are losing access to fisheries, but also identifies opportunities for implementing new ways to restore such access for the region. 

“Based on what we heard from the dozens of community members who participated in our survey, it is clear that Southeast’s communities, particularly Indigenous communities, are losing access to fisheries and their future access remains uncertain,” said Linda Behnken, ASFT board president. “However, it is also clear that we have some real opportunities when it comes to designing and implementing new tools to help restore this access and ensure that local needs are being factored into larger discussions and decisions concerning Southeast’s economy.” 

The report, released June 18, compiles findings of a regional survey ASFT distributed to area residents this spring in collaboration with the Sustainable Southeast Partnership (SSP) — proposing ways to address issues. The report was funded by the Southeast Conference through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Southeast Alaska Sustainability Strategy initiative.  

ASFT said the goal is to assist local communities by providing data and information for future dialogues and community development planning, increasing awareness and encouraging more funds for fishery access-related projects. Participating communities included Angoon, Craig, Haines, Kake, Ketchikan, Klawock, Klukwan, Juneau, Sitka, Wrangell, and Yakutat.  

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Responses from these communities universally identified the fisheries as a crucial element of Southeast Alaska’s culture and economy moving forward. Respondents expressed concern about their ability to access and have a sustainable livelihood from local fisheries through traditional harvesting, commercial or recreational fishing. 

Respondents’ key concerns included the changing climate and environment of Southeast Alaska and a sense of unpredictability for the future of marine resources. They expressed a lack of confidence that current scientific approaches to fishery management will be adequate in light of significant changes affecting the region and its resources due to climate change. 

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The report also discussed existing systems of governance that challenge access to fishery resources, challenges with limited access management at the state and federal levels and loss of community infrastructure such as processors, fish buyers, cold storage, marine services and/or transportation often initiated with the trend in outmigration of fishery access in remote communities. 

Many participating area residents said the utmost priority is protection and perpetuation of a traditional way of life, with commercial fishing considered secondary, as a tool to bridge the traditional and cash economies. 

They discussed the rapid growth of tourism in Southeast Alaska as something feeding competition and tensions between local-commercial and traditional-use harvesters and non-local harvesters in the sportfish sector. 

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The report included recommendations for building more equitable and accessible fisheries in Southeast Alaska, including incorporating climate change variability and unpredictability into fishery management tools to facilitate fishery access and to ensure that other industries, including tourism and mariculture, do not further limit fishery access.   

Recommendations also included establishing regional entities to hold quota/permits (such as regional Community Quota Entities and regional fisheries trusts) and more investment in community infrastructure. 
Behnken said that ASFT was grateful to everyone who shared their thoughts on this complex topic. 

“We hope that this report will uplift their voices and be a chance for the public, policy makers, and others to better understand some of the challenges that many Southeast residents are facing so that we can collectively find solutions and build a resilient and vibrant future for Southeast’s fisheries and communities,” she said. 

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Alaska

Hot and dry conditions lead to increasing wildfire danger across Alaska

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Hot and dry conditions lead to increasing wildfire danger across Alaska


ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) – Summer weather continues to build in across the state, as a ridge is greatly influencing the weather across Mainland Alaska. Temperatures have been warming into the 70s and 80s through the Interior, while Southcentral has seen highs in the 60s and the 70s. This stretch of warm weather will remain through the week, accompanied by possibly thunderstorm development.

While hot and dry conditions have been building, the Aleutians are dealing with wet and breezy weather. This comes as a low near the Aleutians continues to lift to the north. Expect widespread rain through parts of this region, with the heaviest rain near the Pribilof Islands. Winds will gust anywhere from 30 to 65 mph. As the rain pushes to the northeast, it will run into ridging and quickly taper off into Wednesday. Some light rain showers look possible through parts of Southwest Alaska tomorrow morning, before the rain comes to an end.

Outside of the Aleutians and areas with thunderstorm formation, Alaska will remain on the drier side this week. While the ridge isn’t strong enough to cap thunderstorm development, it will prevent its widespread activity. It’s likely isolated to scattered storms will persist through the Interior and in Southcentral Alaska. A quick reminder that burn permits have been suspended in the Mat-Su Valley and Fairbanks due to the hot and dry conditions.

Any storms across Southcentral today will primarily impact western parts of the Matanuska Valley, the foothills of the Talkeetna Mountains and into the Copper River Basin. Storm motion will be to the north, so Anchorage and surrounding locations will largely stay dry. A rogue thunderstorm can’t be ruled out for the Kenai, but any precipitation will come in the form of spotty to isolated morning showers.

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This hot and dry weather pattern continues through the end of June. Here in Southcentral, the weekend is once again shaping up to warm into the 70s.

Have a wonderful and safe Tuesday!



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Fire danger remains high as thunderstorms spread across Alaska

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Fire danger remains high as thunderstorms spread across Alaska


ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) – Summer is in full force across Alaska, and for many Alaskans, the past two weeks feel more like summer than most of 2023.

Anchorage reached 75° and above three times this month. We’ve only seen three days over 75° in June six times in recorded history. The overall average temperature for June is currently only about half of a degree above what is normal but is about 2 degrees above June to date of 2023. This month’s rainfall is also significantly lower than what most of Anchorage experienced last June. June of 2023 brought 17 days with measurable precipitation, this year, we’ve seen just four days with rain.

The dry stretch will continue with temperatures holding slightly above average for most of Southcentral this week. Be prepared for isolated thunderstorms near the Alaska Range and in the Copper River Basin on Tuesday.

The number of active wildfires in the state is up to 115 as of Monday evening, 21 of those are new in the past 24 hours. More than 5,000 lightning strikes were recorded in Alaska on Monday, following more than 6,000 on Sunday.

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With high fire danger continuing, use extra caution to keep from adding any additional human-caused fires.



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