Sports
How Liverpool are using artificial intelligence to become better at corners
As Arne Slot settles into his role as Liverpool’s head coach, there is an exciting array of fresh ideas from his new backroom staff.
The novel training methods of assistant coaches, Sipke Hulshoff and John Heitinga. The vibrant voice of lead physical performance coach, Ruben Peeters. The creative coaching drills of head of goalkeeper coaching, Fabian Otte.
Off the pitch, Liverpool have been developing a coaching assistant who could help their set-piece approach for the coming season… and it’s not even human.
Liverpool’s analytics department is renowned for its pioneering work, led by director of research William Spearman who took over from Ian Graham in 2023. In their most recent venture, they have teamed up with Google DeepMind, using artificial intelligence (AI) to determine strategies for corner kicks.
The collaboration has culminated in a paper published in Nature Communications — TacticAI: an AI assistant for football tactics. The project, led by researchers Zhe Wang and Petar Velickovic, used data from 9,693 corner kicks collected from the 2020–21, 2021–22, and 2022–23 (up to January 2023) Premier League seasons, feeding information on each player’s height, weight, starting location, and movement throughout the corner routine.
The information from each player enabled the researchers to predict the outcomes most likely to occur within a given corner setup. For example, which player is likely to receive the ball? Will the sequence lead to a shot attempt?
Once the sequence has been played, the analysis can then build a picture to determine whether similar routines have been successful in the past. Crucially, TacticAI can draw from this analysis to generate suggestions that improve the outcome of the corner. For example, moving players’ positioning or body orientation to reduce the chances of conceding a shot from a specific corner.
The graphic below shows four suggestions made by TacticAI to tweak players’ positioning when defending a corner.
As evidence of the model’s capability, experts at Liverpool — including assistant coaches, video analysts and data scientists — were unable to distinguish between the output provided by TacticAI’s suggestions and real-life corner routines, with the suggested routines favoured from the original corner sequence 90 per cent of the time — highlighting how effective the model can be in providing improvements within the tactical structure.
As you can see in the graphic above, the advised tweaks might appear subtle but joint-lead researcher Velickovic emphasises these suggestions are in-keeping with modern-day football. Small changes in distances, timing, and decision-making can be the difference between victory and defeat.
“The aim is not to tell you that a player needs to move two or three metres to the left or the right,” Velickovic told The Athletic. “You make minor adjustments to a player’s location, orientation or velocity which are all relatively small, and that was deliberate.”
A core aim of Liverpool’s project with Google DeepMind is to provide coaches and analysts with a tool to help them with workflow. Opposition analysts often watch hundreds of videos in the lead-up to a game, which is labour-intensive. The ability of TacticAI to sift through similar opponent routines and curate defensive strategies is powerful.
It is more time-efficient to draw conclusions in a fraction of the time and this work provides an objective tactical approach without bias, underpinned by thousands of examples.
“This tool is designed to accelerate a coach’s ability to spot patterns,” Velickovic said. “Coaches are looking at complex situations with 22 players, and they have to work out what the key parts are that made or broke a particular strategy — and which players were responsible.”
“With a system like this — where it immediately produces adjustments to all of the defensive players — you can focus your attention and immediately spot that, for example, a specific defender is doing something wrong.”
“If this happens to your defender over many situations, you can then try to fix it in your coaching. If it is an opposing player, you can work on strategies to exploit that weakness.”
Trent Alexander-Arnold takes a corner against Atalanta last season (Jonathan Moscrop/Getty Images)
It is worth noting this research evaluates the potential use of such an approach, and is yet to be rolled out in Liverpool’s matchday analysis. Nevertheless, the rise of dedicated set-piece coaches shows how many clubs are growing wise to this important part of the game — with 28 per cent of all goals scored from dead-ball situations in the Premier League last season.
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For Velickovic, the marginal impact this work can have could prove crucial.
“We can never exactly forecast what will happen in a corner,” Velickovic said. “But if you increase your chances of scoring or decrease the chances of conceding by even one per cent, that can make a huge difference over the course of a season.”
Corners have been responsible for some of the most important moments in Liverpool’s recent history. Jurgen Klopp’s final trophy as manager was thanks to a Virgil van Dijk header from Kostas Tsimikas’ corner to clinch the Carabao Cup against Chelsea in February.
The unlikely figure of Alisson Becker scored an iconic last-minute header to convert Trent Alexander-Arnold’s corner against West Bromwich Albion in 2021 to keep Liverpool’s top-four hopes alive.
And Liverpool fans do not need a second invitation to relive Alexander-Arnold’s quickly-taken corner to Divock Origi in the 2019 Champions League semi-final against Barcelona — one of the most memorable goals in the club’s history.
“Corner taken quickly… ORIGIIII!!!!” 😱😍
Does Divock delivering in our incredible comeback against Barcelona get your vote for our greatest ever goal?
— Liverpool FC (@LFC) June 22, 2022
Ultimately, the delivery Alexander-Arnold provides from set pieces is the crucial component to ensure a choreographed routine is executed. As set-piece specialist Gianni Vio has previously told The Athletic, “The taker is the most important player in set pieces.”
The statistical models can be instructive for coaches, but without strong delivery, the sequence collapses.
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Looking at last season, the numbers suggest Liverpool could improve their conversion from corners when assessed against the rest of the Premier League. Their 4.2 goals per 100 corners was their poorest rate since 2018-19, with their overall goals scored and conceded per 100 corners almost perfectly aligned with the league average.
This project was the final milestone in Liverpool’s multi-year journey with Google DeepMind, but the collaboration shows an ongoing desire to push boundaries and find an edge when using analytics in football. It is a partnership that traces back to 2021, where their work has seen them publish two other papers relating to AI in football tactics and its use in analysing penalty kicks.
The constant evolution of football tactics means that the analysis of corner kicks is a dynamic process that should be continually updated. An optimal strategy in 2015 might look different today. The best for the German Bundesliga could be different from the Premier League.
The potential for this AI model to grow across multiple seasons and wider leagues is where analysts can create an extra dimension in their tactical approach and strategic decision-making.
At its core, AI is the ability of a computer to perform tasks that we typically associate with humans. The growth of AI — specifically, Generative AI via platforms such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Google Gemini — has been visible across multiple industries worldwide.
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While these platforms are fantastic resources for coaches and analysts to use as tools, they should never replace human expertise. Data’s place in football is secured, but the combination of objective and subjective analysis is where staff can optimise their in-game decision-making. We are not entering a world where football is played by machines.
For now, at least.
(Top photo: Playmaker/MB Media/Getty Images)
Sports
Rams star Puka Nacua fined by NFL after renewed referee criticism and close loss to Seahawks
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Los Angeles Rams star wide receiver Puka Nacua’s tumultuous Thursday began with an apology and ended with more controversial remarks.
In between, he had a career-best performance.
After catching 12 passes for 225 yards and two touchdowns in Thursday’s overtime loss to the Seattle Seahawks, Nacua once again expressed his frustration with how NFL referees handled the game.
Nacua previously suggested game officials shared similarities to attorneys. The remarks came after the third-year wideout claimed some referees throw flags during games to ramp up their camera time.
Los Angeles Rams wide receiver Puka Nacua warms up before a game against the New Orleans Saints at SoFi Stadium. (Jayne Kamin-Oncea/Imagn Images)
After the Seahawks 38-37 win propelled Seattle to the top spot in the NFC standings, Nacua took a veiled shot at the game’s officials.
“Can you say i was wrong. Appreciate you stripes for your contribution. Lol,” he wrote on X.
The Pro Bowler added that his statement on X was made in “a moment of frustration after a tough, intense game like that.”
RAMS STAR PUKA NACUA ACCUSES REFS OF MAKING UP CALLS TO GET ON TV: ‘THE WORST’
“It was just a lack of awareness and just some frustration,” Nacua said. “I know there were moments where I feel like, ‘Man, you watch the other games and you think of the calls that some guys get and you wish you could get some of those.’ But that’s just how football has played, and I’ll do my job in order to work my technique to make sure that there’s not an issue with the call.”
But, this time, Nacua’s criticism resulted in a hefty fine. The league issued a $25,000 penalty, according to NFL Network.
Los Angeles Rams wide receiver Puka Nacua (12) runs with the ball during the second half against the Seattle Seahawks Thursday, Dec. 18, 2025, in Seattle. (AP Photo/John Froschauer)
Nacua had expressed aggravation on social media just days after the 24-year-old asserted during a livestream appearance with internet personalities Adin Ross and N3on that “the refs are the worst.”
“Some of the rules aren’t … these guys want to be … these guys are lawyers. They want to be on TV too,” Nacua said, per ESPN. “You don’t think he’s texting his friends in the group chat like, ‘Yo, you guys just saw me on “Sunday Night Football.” That wasn’t P.I., but I called it.’”
Los Angeles Rams wide receiver Puka Nacua (12) scores a touchdown during the second half against the Seattle Seahawks Thursday, Dec. 18, 2025, in Seattle. (AP Photo/John Froschauer)
On Thursday, reporters asked Nacua if he wanted to clarify his stance on the suggestion referees actively seek being in front of cameras during games.
“No, I don’t,” he replied.
Also on Thursday, Nacua apologized for performing a gesture that plays upon antisemitic tropes.
“I had no idea this act was antisemitic in nature and perpetuated harmful stereotypes against Jewish people,” the receiver said in an Instagram post. “I deeply apologize to anyone who was offended by my actions as I do not stand for any form of racism, bigotry or hate of another group of people.”
Rams coach Sean McVay dismissed the idea that all the off-field chatter surrounding Nacua was a distraction leading up to Los Angeles’ clash with its NFC West division rival.
“It wasn’t a distraction at all,” McVay said. “Did you think his play showed he was distracted? I didn’t think so either. He went off today.”
The Associated Press contributed to this report.
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Sports
Sean McVay: Seahawks’ two-point play will be a competition committee talking point
Sean McVay serves on the NFL’s competition committee.
So it’s a given that the next time the group convenes, the Rams coach will have a specific situation and rule to discuss.
Particularly, the one that occurred on a two-point conversion attempt during the Rams’ 38-37 defeat by the Seattle Seahawks on Thursday night at Lumen Field in Seattle.
After the Seahawks scored a fourth-quarter touchdown that pulled them to within 30-28, Seahawks quarterback Sam Darnold attempted what was at first ruled a forward pass that was tipped by Rams linebacker Jared Verse before falling incomplete.
But as the teams lined up for the ensuing kickoff, the referee announced that upon review it had been ruled a backward pass, so the play remained alive until the ball was picked up by Seahawks running back Zach Charbonnet in the end zone, making it a successful conversion that tied the score.
“When situations and circumstances arise like that, those will be things that I guarantee you will be addressed and conversed over,” McVay said Friday during a videoconference with reporters.
During his postgame news conference on Thursday, McVay said that he did not receive clarity about the call during the game.
But he did by Friday.
“It’s a technicality issue,” McVay said. “What they said is, ‘You can’t advance a fumble under two minutes on two-point plays or on fourth downs.’ That’s the thing.
“Because they said it was a backwards pass, that’s how it was able to be advanced.”
Rams defensive lineman Kobie Turner said after the game that he was “definitely shook” by the changed call. But Rams players have meetings about being “situational masters” who always end up with the ball, he said.
“I should have been there to pick up the ball,” Turner said. “But I saw Verse hit it, then I saw [safety] Kam [Curl] almost catch a pick and I was like, ‘Welp, he almost caught it.’ And then I went to go and celebrate Verse.
“That’s definitely going to be one of those clips on situational masters.”
On Friday, McVay said that he had “total appreciation” and “empathy” for officials who are put in difficult spots, but “I do not believe that anybody would be in disagreement that those are not the plays we want in our game.”
He added: “I can’t imagine anybody thinks that plays like that should be counted as conversions. I know I would feel that way even if I was a beneficiary and the roles were flipped and that benefited us last night.
“I can honestly say that.”
Etc.
Rams guard Kevin Dotson suffered an ankle sprain during the game, and also was on the receiving end of a stomp by Seahawks linebacker Derick Hall, who was suspended by the NFL for a game because of his actions. “I think he was injured before,” McVay said, “but it certainly didn’t help matters and it’s definitely not stuff we want in our game.” Dotson is doubtful for the Rams’ Dec. 29 game against the Atlanta Falcons, McVay said. Justin Dedich would start in his place. Receiver Davante Adams (hamstring) also “most likely” will not be available against the Falcons, he said. … Receiver Puka Nacua, who was fined $25,000 by the NFL for critical comments of officials he made during a livestream earlier in the week, will not face additional discipline by the team, McVay said. After the game, Nacua posted to X about the officials. “I talked with him right afterwards,” McVay said. “He is a young guy that is continuing to learn the importance of his platform. … What I want to continue to educate him on is there are platforms that he’s got an incredible influence on. There’s a time to be able to have people to vent to. That is not the space to do that. He knows that and I feel very confident that that will not be an issue for us moving forward.”
Sports
Ed Orgeron on who should be out of College Football Playoff, Lane Kiffin’s move to LSU and his coaching plans
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The College Football Playoff begins Friday, and emotions are running high for several fan bases.
Notre Dame was ranked 10th in the penultimate CFP rankings but missed the playoffs to both Alabama, which lost a third game, and Miami, which were ranked lower going into championship weekend but beat Notre Dame during the season, which apparently took precedence.
Ed Orgeron did not have to worry about his playoff status while he was coaching LSU to a title amid a perfect season in 2019, but he has an idea of who should be in and out this year.
LSU coach Ed Orgeron runs off the field with his team before an NCAA college football game against Kentucky in Lexington, Kentucky, Saturday, Oct. 9, 2021. (AP Photo/Michael Clubb)
“I don’t think a team with three losses ought to be playing for the national championship. Notre Dame should have got in ahead of Alabama,” Orgeron told Fox News Digital in a recent interview.
Bama getting in prompted calls of bias and/or collusion, considering the playoff is broadcast on ESPN and ABC, the same network that the SEC has a major media rights deal with.
“The SEC was dominant. But now, the Big Ten, Big 12 are catching up. They’ve had the national champ a couple of years now. I don’t know what’s happened with the SEC and bias, all that stuff. Is there a chance that they have it? I’m not going to get into that. But I do know this — they’re very strong,” Orgeron added.
The SEC figures to remain strong, as Lane Kiffin went from Ole Miss to Orgeron’s former LSU in a controversial move. Orgeron, though, said Kiffin, his former colleague at Tennessee and USC, made the right move, given he hardly had a choice.
Mississippi Rebels head coach Lane Kiffin (left) and LSU Tigers head coach Ed Orgeron (right) shake hands after a game at Vaught-Hemingway Stadium. (Petre Thomas/USA TODAY Sports)
ED ORGERON GIVES ADVICE TO SHERRONE MOORE AFTER SAGA THAT LEFT HIM FIRED, ARRESTED
“Look, the timing of it, when he did it, that’s his choice. But he had to do it at that time to get the job he wanted. The calendar is wrong in college football. I wish they had the rule like the NFL, that you cannot talk to a coach until their season is over,” Orgeron said.
As for advice to get LSU back to the promised land?
“Keep on doing what you’re doing. He knows what he’s doing. Recruit, evaluate like he’s doing. He’s the king of the transfer portal. He’ll be able to dominate the SEC like he’s been doing. Keep on doing what you’re doing.”
Orgeron last coached in 2021, but his career is certainly not over. In fact, he expects to be somewhere soon, potentially even facing Kiffin.
Then-LSU Tigers head coach Ed Orgeron talks with quarterback Joe Burrow after a victory against the Clemson Tigers in the College Football Playoff national championship game at Mercedes-Benz Superdome. (Matthew Emmons/USA TODAY Sports)
“We’ve been in touch with people. I would take a head coaching job, doesn’t have to be a head coaching job. I’ll take a D-line coach or a recruiting coordinator, but the right situation hasn’t been coming up. I’m in a good position where I could take a job, I don’t have to take a job, but if the right situation comes up, I’m definitely taking it and going to coach. I do believe within the next month something may open, and I’ll be coaching again.”
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