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Letting forests grow old will soon be allowed under Vermont’s Current Use Program

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Letting forests grow old will soon be allowed under Vermont’s Current Use Program


A brand new legislation will make it simpler for some landowners to let their forests develop outdated — by making them eligible for a tax break.

It marks a historic change to Vermont’s Present Use Program. For the final 40 years, this system has let landowners who maintain their properties out of improvement pay a decrease tax charge. Usually — till now — that land had for use for agriculture or timber harvest to qualify.

However within the face of local weather change, some say letting forests develop outdated also needs to rely as a part of our working panorama.

VPR’s Grace Benninghoff spoke with local weather and surroundings reporter Abagael Giles about what’s altering. Their dialog beneath has been edited and condensed for readability.

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Grace Benninghoff: So simply to start out, why is there this curiosity proper now in letting Vermont’s forests develop outdated? What’s the hyperlink there with local weather change?

Abagael Giles: Yeah, nice query. In order timber develop, they pull climate-warming carbon out of the ambiance and retailer it. Now, the speed at which they pull that carbon out of the air slows as they age, so quite a lot of scientists say we nonetheless want forests which can be numerous in age.

However these very outdated timber? They retailer quite a lot of carbon. And older forests help a wealth of animal and flora. They assist with water high quality and flood resilience. And plenty and plenty of scientific analysis has proven that letting at the least some forests develop outdated is an excellent vital instrument for preventing local weather change.

Extra from VPR: Reporter debrief: Vermont’s new local weather evaluation finds the state is warming quicker than beforehand thought. What does that imply?

Proper now, Grace, in Vermont, solely about 1% of our forests are thought of outdated development. Scientists with the state say we should always actually goal for nearer to 9% to satisfy our local weather commitments and construct extra local weather resilient forests.

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That sounds easy sufficient. So how will we get there and why do individuals assume the Present Use Program may assist?

In Vermont, like numerous elements of the Northeast, the overwhelming majority of our forests are on personal land. So from a sensible standpoint, we actually want personal landowners to get on board with letting their forests develop outdated if we’re going to satisfy this objective.

Now, the Present Use Program was developed again in 1978 to assist landowners maintain their property out of improvement. Mainly individuals noticed that farms and dealing forests have been disappearing as property taxes climbed. And it principally says in case you’re a farmer or a logger, you’re utilizing your land in a manner that’s far much less profitable than in case you have been to promote it and subdivide it. So it’s best to pay a tax charge that displays that.

Extra from VPR: Vermont simply adopted a Local weather Motion Plan. Here is the way it says we should always cut back emissions.

This system actually focuses on retaining working lands intact. Which means, with only a few exceptions, it’s a must to harvest the timber on at the least a part of your forest property to enroll. Folks usually name that “being in present use.”

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Scientific consensus says we have to act proper now to keep away from the worst and irreversible impacts of worldwide warming. And a few local weather advocates and lawmakers stated possibly letting our forests develop outdated needs to be thought of a present use.

What sort of parcels are going to be eligible for this? And the way a lot land are we speaking right here?

Nicely to start out with, this legislation doesn’t broaden the Present Use Program. That is only a new manner you’ll be able to handle your land inside the program.

However first, to qualify, a parcel has to have at the least 25 acres of steady forest. From there, a big portion of the property needs to be additional ecologically delicate. Possibly it has a wetland or is a uncommon ecosystem. Possibly it’s simply too steep to log.

Extra from VPR: Ballot finds most Vermonters anticipate main impacts from local weather change within the subsequent 30 years.

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Early modeling estimates this transformation to favor outdated forests will result in 40,000 acres of latest land into present use.

However tons of people that dwell in Vermont can’t afford to personal land. There’s additionally quite a lot of racial inequity in land possession right here. Is that this simply increasing on a tax break for individuals who already are lucky sufficient to personal land?

That could be a longstanding critique of the Present Use Program. And a few individuals would argue that every one Vermonters make up the taxes these landowners don’t pay. And virtually 25% of the landowners enrolled in this system dwell outdoors of Vermont.

Yearly the state reimburses cities for the taxes they don’t acquire from properties which can be in present use. That cash comes out of the state schooling fund, nevertheless it’s actually only a drop within the bucket.

Proper now, about 2 million acres of forest land is in present use in Vermont. The forest economic system contributes about 13,000 jobs and $2 billion to the state economic system.

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Proponents of present use say with out this program, we’d be taxing our working panorama out of existence.

Extra from VPR: Gov. Scott vetoes main land and water conservation invoice

Usually our tax system is constructed round what individuals will pay — and in case you’re utilizing your land for timber or agriculture, you’re selecting to make lower than you’ll growing it.

Now, this does probably open the door for some extra individuals who personal numerous land however who don’t make their revenue off their properties to get this decrease tax charge.

However early modeling reveals it’ll have a miniscule affect on our state tax income. And local weather activists say this transformation is properly value it to maintain these forests from probably turning into subdivisions.

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Do different states have present use applications and are they related options?

It’s a fairly widespread tax program within the Northeast. New Hampshire and Maine each have variations of present use. And it’s an strategy that’s been credited with serving to to maintain hundreds of acres of working forests and farms on the panorama throughout northern New England.

Lastly – is that this alone going to get us all the way in which to our local weather objectives? How will we all know if that is working?

Advocates say this can be a actually huge win for outdated forests and for local weather. However in the end, the reply to your query isn’t any. This is not going to get us to that 9% outdated forest quantity alone.

Extra from VPR: Lawmakers, governor weigh first ever environmental justice coverage for Vermont

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Some environmentalists would have appreciated to see any parcel at the moment eligible for the Present Use Program be allowed to be managed for outdated forest traits. However that is form of like a pilot program. Lawmakers need to see the way it goes, and in 4 years, the Vermont Division of Forest, Parks and Recreation will report again on the way it all went.

Have questions, feedback or ideas? Ship us a message or get in contact with reporter Abagael Giles @AbagaelGiles.





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Vermont expected to get light snow Saturday. Here’s the forecast

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Vermont expected to get light snow Saturday. Here’s the forecast


Wintry weather spreads across the South

Significant snow and icy precipitation are moving from Texas to the Carolinas.

Following a week of cold temperatures and harsh winds, this weekend will see light snow across New England, including Vermont.

While the snow is expected to cover the entire state of Vermont, this weekend’s snowfall will be calm, with no strong winds to create a storm and only a small amount of accumulation.

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Here’s what to know about the timing, location and effects of Saturday’s snowfall in Vermont.

Where in VT will it snow Saturday?

According to the National Weather Service (NWS) of Burlington, light snow is expected throughout the day on Saturday, with the greatest chances of snow in the morning. Most areas of the state will see one inch of snowfall, with two inches possible in the middle region of the state.

While Vermont has seen extremely strong winds over this past week, the wind is expected to die down Friday night and stay mild throughout the snow Saturday. As of right now, the NWS has not issued any hazards or warning for Saturday, as the snowfall is expected to be calm.

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VT weather next week

Temperatures will stay in the 20s throughout the weekend, with slightly warmer temperatures coming in next week. Snow showers are expected overnight from Monday to Tuesday.



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Committee leadership in the Vermont Senate sees major overhaul – VTDigger

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Committee leadership in the Vermont Senate sees major overhaul – VTDigger


Sen. Chris Mattos, R-Chittenden North, center, speaks with Sen. Andrew Perchlik, D/P-Washington, at the Statehouse in Montpelier on Thursday, Jan. 9. Photo by Glenn Russell/VTDigger

Nine of the Vermont Senate’s 11 standing committees will have new leaders this biennium and three will be helmed by Republicans, Lt. Gov. John Rodgers announced from the Senate floor Thursday afternoon.

The committee overhaul follows the retirement, death or defeat of a considerable number of veteran chairs last year — and after Republicans picked up six seats in the 30-member body in November’s election. Democrats and Progressives now hold 17 seats, while Republicans control 13.

Unlike the Vermont House, where committee positions are chosen unilaterally by the speaker, Senate assignments are doled out by a three-member panel, the Committee on Committees, which this year includes two new participants: Rodgers, a Republican, and Sen. Ginny Lyons, D-Chittenden Southeast. Senate President Pro Tempore Phil Baruth, D/P-Chittenden Central, returned to the committee. 

The trio had few experienced senators from which to choose, given that — as Baruth noted in his opening remarks to the chamber Wednesday — nearly two-thirds of the Senate’s members joined the body over the past two years. Illustrating the point, newly sworn-in Sen. Seth Bongartz, D-Bennington, was tapped to chair the Senate Education Committee. (Bongartz had previously served in the House since 2021 — and had tours of duty in both the House and Senate in the 1980s.)

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Perhaps the most significant appointment went to Sen. Andrew Perchlik, D/P-Washington, who will chair the powerful Senate Appropriations Committee. He succeeds Sen. Jane Kitchel, D-Caledonia, who retired after leading the budget-writing panel for 14 years.  

Sen. Nader Hashim, D-Windham, will helm the Senate Judiciary Committee, following the death last June of veteran Sen. Dick Sears, D-Bennington. 

The Senate Natural Resources & Energy Committee will be led by Sen. Anne Watson, D/P-Washington. Its former chair, Sen. Chris Bray, D-Addison, was defeated in November. 

Republicans flip six seats in the Vermont Senate, shattering Democratic supermajority


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Sen. Alison Clarkson, D-Windsor, takes over the Senate Economic Development, Housing & General Affairs Committee from Sen. Kesha Ram Hinsdale, D-Chittenden Southeast. Ram Hinsdale defeated Clarkson for the role of Senate majority leader in November, requiring the former to step down from her committee leadership position and allowing the latter to step up. 

The three Republicans chairing panels are Sen. Richard Westman, R-Lamoille, who will run the Senate Transportation Committee; Sen. Russ Ingalls, R-Essex, who will head the Senate Agriculture Committee; and Sen. Brian Collamore, R-Rutland, who will lead the Senate Government Operations Committee. (Republicans similarly made gains in House leadership positions this year.)

Sen. Wendy Harrison, D-Windham, takes over the Senate Institutions Committee from Ingalls, who chaired it last biennium. 

The sole returning chairs are Lyons, who will continue to lead the Senate Health & Welfare Committee, and Sen. Ann Cummings, D-Washington, who will retain control of the Senate Finance Committee. 

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Speaking to reporters Thursday afternoon, Baruth said the Committee on Committees had intentionally sought partisan equilibrium on certain panels. The Senate Education Committee, for example, which is expected to engage in heavy lifting as lawmakers reconsider the state’s education funding scheme, includes three Democrats and three Republicans. For a bill to clear that panel, four members would have to approve.

“What I intended for that committee… to do is to put out bipartisan bills,” Baruth said of Senate Ed. 

Similarly, Baruth called the composition of the tax-writing Senate Finance Committee “very centrist,” with four Democrats and three Republicans. 

“They’re going to have a lot of work to do, hard work, but the one thing I want them to think — to think long and hard about — is any kind of raising taxes or fees,” Baruth said. “The only time I’m looking to do that, if it’s necessary, is if it brings down the property tax.”

Ethan Weinstein contributed reporting.

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Gov. Scott comes out swinging on education funding during inaugural address

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Gov. Scott comes out swinging on education funding during inaugural address


This article will be updated.

Gov. Phil Scott proposed a sweeping overhaul of what he called Vermont’s “broken and failing” education funding and governing systems during his inaugural address Thursday.

In his first major speech since voters overwhelmingly reelected him and booted Democrats up and down the ballot from office, Scott focused on the topic that most infuriated Vermonters in November: affordability.

“When it comes to politics, I know it can be hard to admit when you’ve gone down the wrong path and need to turn around,” Scott told House and Senate lawmakers during his fifth inaugural address at the Statehouse in Montpelier. “But we’re not here to worry about egos. We’re here to do what Vermonters need. And they just sent a very clear message: They think we’re off course.”

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As is typical for an inaugural speech, Scott did not delve into specifics on Thursday — the details of his plan will be unveiled later this month during his budget address.

But in the broad strokes, Scott teased a plan that would overhaul Vermont’s byzantine school governance structure and see the state assume a direct role in deciding how much districts spend.

“The bottom line is our system is out of scale and very expensive,” Scott said. “And as obvious as these challenges are, we haven’t been able to fix it.”

At the heart of Scott’s vision is a transition to a so-called foundation formula, whereby the state would calculate how much districts should spend on their schools and provide them corresponding grants.

Currently, local voters decide how much their school districts should spend when they approve or reject budgets during Town Meeting Day in the spring. Whatever the amount, the state must pay. To calculate each town’s fair share into Vermont’s more than $2 billion education fund, residential property tax rates are adjusted based on how much each district is spending per pupil.

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While potentially explosive in a state where local control is jealously guarded, a foundation formula is fairly typical across the country. And in Vermont, a bill to transition over to such a system even passed the House in 2018 with Democratic support. The architect of that 2018 legislation, then-GOP Rep. Scott Beck, was just elected to the Senate and named Republican minority leader for the chamber — where he is working closely with administration officials on their education plans.

Sophie Stephens

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Vermont Public

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Senators including Senate Minority Leader Scott Beck (center) on the first day of the 2025 session on Wednesday, Jan. 8.

“I think what we’re going to see [from the governor] here in a couple, three weeks is something that is far beyond just education finance,” Beck said in an interview Thursday. “I think it’s going to get into governance and delivery and outcomes.”

Beck said the transition to a foundation formula would force a series of questions, including whether districts would be allowed to approve any spending beyond the state’s base foundation grant.

“And in that case, where do they get that money from? And under what conditions can they access that money?” Beck said. “There’s a myriad of decisions that go into that whole thing. None of those decisions have been made. But I think in various circles, we have committed to going down the road of building a foundation formula in Vermont.”

Beck said he expects Scott’s education proposal will also include provisions that are designed to reduce staffing in the public education system.

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When Scott first took office in 2016, the state spent about $1.6 billion annually on public schools. This year, that number will exceed $2.3 billion.

Vermont schools now have one staff person for every 3.63 students, the lowest ratio in the United States. In 2018, Scott pushed hard, and unsuccessfully, for legislation that would have instituted mandatory caps on staff-to-student ratios.

“With what we’re spending, we should not be in the middle of the pack on any educational scorecard,” Scott said. “And our kids should all be at grade level in reading and math. In some grades, less than half hit that mark. While educators, administrators, parents and kids are doing their very best to make things work, the statewide system is broken and failing them.”

Inaugural and state-of-the-state speeches tend to include a laundry list of policy ideas. But Scott’s 43-minute speech was focused almost entirely on education and housing — he renewed calls to trim development regulations and to bolster funding for rehabbing dilapidated homes.

Scott only briefly discussed last summer’s floods, and made glancing mentions of public safety, climate change, and health care. The governor, who voted for Vice President Kamala Harris in November, made no mention of President-elect Donald Trump or national politics.

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Seeking to highlight some successes, the governor noted that overdose and traffic fatalities have declined recently, the state has welcomed more than 1,000 refugees in the past few years, and that the state park system saw near record visitation last year.

The governor has long argued that Chittenden County is prospering at a rate disproportionate to the rest of Vermont. He intensified that rhetoric in Thursday’s speech.

“As the rest of the state struggles to catch up, they carry the same burden of increasing taxes and fees and navigate the same complicated mandates and regulations,” the governor said. “And regardless of how well-intentioned these policies are, they’re expensive and require resources that places like Burlington, Shelburne and Williston may have, but small towns like Chelsea, Lunenburg, Peacham, Plainfield — and even Rutland, Newport or Brattleboro — do not. Too many bills are passed without considering the impact on these communities.”

Early in his speech, Scott paid tribute to several veteran legislators who died in the past year, including senators Bill Doyle and Dick Sears and representatives Don Turner, Bill Keogh, and Curt McCormack. Scott choked up and was visibly emotional when his recalling “my dear friend and mentor,” Sen. Dick Mazza, who died in May.

Former Governors Peter Shumlin, Jim Douglas and Madeleine Kunin attended the speech.

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