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American Places – Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

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American Places – Gettysburg, Pennsylvania


The Gettysburg National Military Park is in the small town of Gettysburg in the eastern state of Pennsylvania.

Much of the area around Gettysburg still looks like it did in the 1860s, during the American Civil War. The town is in the middle of good farmland.

Roads pass through Gettysburg that lead to Baltimore, Washington, D.C., and other eastern cities. It is hard to believe that two huge armies fought there.

One fighting force was the United States Army of the Potomac, commanded by General George Meade. The other was the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia led by General Robert E. Lee. Lee’s troops had moved north into Pennsylvania from Virginia.

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Lee believed that a Southern win of a battle on Northern land would force a negotiated settlement of the Civil War and mean independence for the Confederate States.

The battle of Gettysburg began on July 1, 1863. About 170,000 soldiers fought for three days. When it ended on July 3, more than 50,000 soldiers were dead, wounded or missing.

Lee’s army lost the battle.

Many visitors start their visit to Gettysburg at the Gettysburg Museum of the Civil War. The museum has a large collection of Civil War objects. The museum has more than 1 million artifacts, from soldiers’ private notebooks and clothing to maps of the battlefield.

The museum also houses the Gettysburg cyclorama painting. This kind of artwork completely surrounds the people looking at it.

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The painting shows the artist’s vision of the final major attack of the battle on July 3, 1863. Over time, it has come to be called Pickett’s Charge. George Pickett was one of several Confederate commanders ordered to make the charge.

FILE – A monument sits atop a ridge held by Union troops, above the field of Pickett’s Charge, Wednesday, June 5, 2013, in Gettysburg, Pa.

The Confederate soldiers reached a point close to the northern lines and headquarters. Today, the point is called the “High Water Mark.” Northern forces then turned the Confederates back.

The charge failed. Southern forces would never again reach so far north.
Soon after the battle, people began to visit Gettysburg to try to understand what happened there. One of those visitors, on November 19, 1863, was President Abraham Lincoln. He was invited to help dedicate a burial ground for Union soldiers killed in the battle.

Lincoln spoke for just two minutes. But his speech, known as “The Gettysburg Address,” is one of the most famous pieces of American oratory.

I’m Mario Ritter, Jr.

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Nancy Steinbach and Ashley Thompson with additional material from the National Park Service for VOA Learning English. Mario Ritter, Jr. adapted it for the VOA Learning English podcast.

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Words in This Story

museum – n. a building in which interesting and valuable things (as works of art or historical or scientific objects) are collected and shown to the public
artifact – n. a usually simple object (as a tool or ornament) showing human work and representing a culture or a stage in the development of a culture
vision – n. a thought, idea, or object formed by the imagination
dedicate – v. to set apart for some purpose and especially a sacred or serious purpose
oratory – n. the job of making speeches in public

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Pennsylvania

Josh Shapiro has a full-circle moment at Pennsylvania Society dinner in NYC, and David L. Cohen is honored

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Josh Shapiro has a full-circle moment at Pennsylvania Society dinner in NYC, and David L. Cohen is honored


NEW YORK — The first time Gov. Josh Shapiro attended the glitzy Pennsylvania Society dinner in midtown Manhattan, he was a young lawmaker invited by David L. Cohen.

Fifteen years later, Shapiro again sat front and center with Cohen, on Saturday night in New York City’s Waldorf Astoria hotel. The governor and the former U.S. ambassador to Canada celebrated Cohen’s receipt of a gold medal award, which has typically been given to the likes of former presidents, prominent philanthropists, and influential businesspeople.

“I still remember that feeling of sitting here, in this storied hotel, inspired not just by this grand, historic room, but most especially by the people in it. I just felt honored to be here,” Shapiro recalled in his remarks Saturday night to the 127th annual Pennsylvania Society dinner. “We’ve come full circle.”

The Pennsylvania Society, which began in the Waldorf Astoria in 1899 by wealthy Pennsylvania natives who were living in New York and hoping to effect change in their home state, returned Saturday to the iconic hotel for the first time in eight years to honor Cohen for his lifetime of achievement and contributions to Pennsylvania.

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The $1,000-per-plate dinner closed out the Pennsylvania Society weekend in New York City, where the state’s political elite — local lawmakers, federal officials, university presidents, and top executives — travel to party, fundraise, and schmooze across Midtown Manhattan, with the goal of making Pennsylvania better.

Each of the approximately 800 attendees at Saturday night’s dinner was served filet mignon as their entree and a cherry French pastry for dessert. The candlelit tables in the grand ballroom had an elaborate calla lily centerpiece — a flower often symbolizing resurrection or rebirth, as the society had its homecoming after years away while the hotel was closed for renovations.

Shapiro, who has delivered remarks to the Pennsylvania Society dinner each year of his first term as governor, focused on the polarization of the moment. He said the antidote that Pennsylvanians want is for top officials to work together and show the good that government can achieve to make people’s lives better.

“Let us be inspired by that spirit and take the bonds we form tonight back home to our cities, towns, and farmlands, and continue to find ways to come together, make progress, and create hope,” Shapiro said.

Shapiro also thanked the members of the society for their support after an attempt on his life by a man who later pleaded guilty to setting fires in the governor’s residence on Passover while he and his family slept inside.

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» READ MORE: Cody Balmer, who set fire to Gov. Josh Shapiro’s mansion, pleads guilty to attempted murder

Cohen was honored as a Philadelphia stalwart whose long career includes stints as an executive at Comcast, chair of the University of Pennsylvania’s board of trustees, and five years as Ed Rendell’s chief of staff during his mayorship.

He was recognized in a prerecorded video featuring praise from former U.S. Sens. Pat Toomey and Bob Casey, former U.S. Ambassador to Germany and former University of Pennsylvania president Amy Gutmann, Rendell, and others the 70-year-old Cohen has worked with throughout his career.

Rendell attended the dinner with his ex-wife and federal appellate court Judge Marjorie “Midge” Rendell. In his prerecorded remarks, Ed Rendell credited Cohen as the true governor and mayor of Philadelphia for all of his work behind the scenes.

Cohen, who continues his work to promote the relationship between the United States and Canada since his return to Philadelphia this year, began his remarks following his introduction with a joke: “It’s sort of nice to hear a preview of your obituary,” he said with a laugh.

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Cohen gave an impassioned speech defending democracy and recognizing America’s position in the world, even as polarization reaches a fever pitch in the country. He credited the society as a place where America’s founding tenets are achieved.

“These Pennsylvania Society principles represent what the United States is supposed to stand for as a country, a promoter and defender of democratic values, values that have special residence in Philadelphia and Pennsylvania, where our country was born almost 250 years ago,” Cohen said.

And Cohen had a dispatch from his years as an ambassador, followed by a call to action: “From our comfortable perch in Pennsylvania, I don’t think we always appreciate what we have here in the United States and the critical role that America plays on the global stage in promoting democracy.”



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Pennsylvania

Powerball winners sold in Pennsylvania as jackpot reaches 6th highest

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Powerball winners sold in Pennsylvania as jackpot reaches 6th highest


(WTAJ) — A $2 million Powerball ticket was sold in Pennsylvania as the jackpot broke $1 billion, making it the 6th largest to date. A Pennsylvania player matched all five white balls drawn Saturday, Dec. 13, but missed the Powerball. They also had Power Play active, making their million-dollar ticket worth $2 million. Another three […]



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Large fire damages apartment building in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania

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Large fire damages apartment building in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania



A large fire ripped through an apartment building in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania Saturday night.

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The fire broke out just after 8:15 p.m. at One Maryland Circle apartments in Whitehall Township, Lehigh County.

Video obtained by CBS News Philadelphia shows firefighters battling heavy flames in an apartment unit, with thick smoke pouring from the building. The footage also shows noticeable damage to the building from the fire.

Firefighters battle flames in an apartment building in Whitehall Township, Pa.

CBS News Philadelphia

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The cause of the fire is unknown, and it is unclear if anyone was displaced or injured.

This is a developing story. Check back for updates.



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