Hawaii
Hawaiian Salt Makers Aim to Protect Tradition
Last summer on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai, Tina Taniguchi was working close to the ground. Her coconut leaf hat covered most of her thick brown hair. Wet soil had gotten on her clothes and her smiling face.
Taniguchi smiles a lot while working on the Hanapepe salt patch on the west side of Kauai. It is a piece of land about half a hectare in size with pools of salty water. The salt becomes crystals as the water dries.
“It’s hard work, but for me it’s also play,” Taniguchi said with a laugh.
Spiritual tradition
Taniguchi’s family is one of 22 families who make “paakai,” the Hawaiian word for salt, following a cultural and spiritual tradition. Hanapepe is one of the last remaining salt patches in Hawaii. Its holy salt can be traded or given away but must never be sold. Hawaiians use it in cooking, healing, rituals and as protection.
Taniguchi drives a car for about an hour to get to the salt patch. For her, it is like religion and play at the same time. It is the time when she makes a spiritual connection to the land.
“This would be a religious practice of mine for sure,” Taniguchi said. “My dad raised us saying that these mountains are his church, and the ocean is where you get cleansed.”
Malia Nobrega-Olivera is another salt maker. She is also an educator and activist who leads efforts to preserve this old tradition. Her grandfather helped form the group of salt-making families called Hui Hana Paakai. The organization’s goal, she said, is to communicate with the landowner, the state of Hawaii, whenever problems arise. Nobrega-Olivera said the salt patch is part of the lands taken away from Native Hawaiians after the U.S.-supported overthrow of Hawaii’s monarchy in 1893.
Native claims to the land
“Regardless of what a piece of paper might say, we are stewards of the area,” she said.
Over the past 10 years there have been several threats to this field. They include development, pollution from a neighboring airfield, damage to the sand from vehicle traffic and waste left by visitors to the nearby beach. In addition, rising sea levels and weather might stop the practice.
Nobrega-Olivera believes Western science and native knowledge can combine to combat the effects of climate change and save the salt patch. The steps she takes include building up the wells’ edges, so water won’t cover the salt beds. Another step is to prevent damage to the beach from vehicle traffic.
“Some ask us why we can’t move this practice to a different location,” she said. “That’s impossible because our cultural practice is particular to this land. There are elements here that make this place special for making this type of salt. You cannot find that anywhere else.”
The process of making salt
The process of turning sea water into salt can be slow. The season begins once the rain stops, and water starts to disappear from the salt beds. Ocean water travels underground and enters the wells. Each family has their own well. As water enters the well, so do tiny, red brine shrimp. These small ocean animals give Hanapepe salt its unusual, sweet taste, said Nobrega-Olivera.
The families first clean the salt beds and line them with black clay. Then they move water from the wells into the beds. There, salt crystals form. The top level, or layer, is the whitest. It is used for table salt. The middle layer is pinkish and is used in cooking, while the bottom layer, which is a deep red color, is used in blessings and rituals.
Fires on the island of Maui in August claimed 100 lives. After the fires, salt makers began sending their salt to survivors, so they can “make their food delicious and bring some of that joy into their lives,” Nobrega-Olivera said.
Keeping traditions alive
Interest in Hawaiian culture and language has recently grown on the islands, Nobrega-Olivera said. She now thinks about how to teach her knowledge to younger generations.
One way she honors the Hanapepe salt patch is by writing Hawaiian songs and chants. She recently taught some school children one of those chants using the words aloha aina, which means “love of the land.”
“Aloha aina captures our philosophy, the reason we do this,” Nobrega-Olivera said. “You take care of the land, and the land takes care of you.”
I’m Dan Friedell.
And I’m Jill Robbins.
Deepa Bharath reported on this story for the Associated Press. Jill Robbins adapted it for Learning English.
______________________________________________
Words in This Story
patch – n. a small area of land where a particular plant or crop grows or is produced
crystal – n. a small piece of a substance that has formed naturally into a regular symmetrical shape.
ritual – n. a religious service or other ceremony which involves a series of actions performed in a fixed order
cleanse – v. to make clean, pure
steward – n. someone who has the responsibility for looking after property
preserve – v. to save or protect something from damage or decay
clay – n. a kind of earth that is soft when it is wet and hard when it is dry
blessing – n. a prayer asking God to look kindly upon the people who are present or the event that is taking place
chant –n. to sing a word or phrase repeatedly usually in connection with prayers or a religious ceremony
philosophy –n. a system of ideas about truth and meaning
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Hawaii
An eclectic, off-grid Hawaii haven, 3 dead men and a suspect caught on surveillance video
HONOLULU (AP) — For residents of Puna, a remote and eclectic part of Hawaii’s Big Island, the killings of three men known for embracing the community’s off-grid, free-spirited lifestyle became a startling reminder of its struggles too.
Nearly 24 hours after Jacob Baker was arrested, residents were struggling to understand what happened and were eager for answers on why authorities zeroed in on the 36-year-old as their suspect in the killings of the men who were all nearing or in their 70s.
Baker remained jailed on suspicion of murder, burglary and other charges.
Court records show Baker having repeated run-ins with police for a variety of offenses. And people who live in Puna told The Associated Press that their concern about Baker in recent days accelerated, portraying him as increasingly threatening.
Baker is accused of being involved in the deaths of three men: a 69-year-old man found partially submerged in a cement pond, a 79-year-old man who was found just a few hundred feet (meters) away, and a third man, also 69, whose body was found about 19 miles (31 kilometers) away. As of Friday, prosecutors had not yet filed charges.
Police identified the first victim as Robert Shine and the third victim as John Carse. The name of the 79-year-old man was pending positive identification but friends identified him as Chitta Morse.
Hawaii Police Chief Reed Mahuna said investigators had not found any connections among the victims, other than two of them lived near each other.
Fixtures at drum circles
Friends of Shine and Morse say the men moved to Puna for its off-grid, tropical and communal lifestyle.
Shine enjoyed dancing and swaying to the beat at drum circles, usually on Sunday afternoons, said Donald Hyatt, a drummer.
Hyatt last saw Shine at a party last month. A local rock-and-roll band was playing and Shine was dancing around.
“He was dancing like he loved life,” Hyatt recalled. “Bob had a permanent smile. Always in good spirits.”
Morse moved from Van Nuys, California 40 years ago “to live off-grid and to live in a warm tropical place, and to eat fruit,” said friend Jezuz Cinderland. “For 40 years he only ate raw food. Since he got to the island he just went completely raw and this was just the right environment for him to do it.”
On land rich with volcanic soil on Papaya Farms Road, Morse had what Cinderland called a “fruit forest,” growing things like coconut, avocado and durian.
“He would just share all the fruit he had,” Cinderland said. “The most fabulous abundance that you can imagine.”
While Morse had previously been a member of the raw-food commune Cinderland moved to Puna to join, in recent years Morse was a loner, Cinderland said.
Shine was a member of Cinderland’s commune, which has been shuttered by the county for various code violations, Cinderland said.
Work-trade life
Janelle Honer, who also grew fruit on Papaya Farms Road, seems to be what connected Baker to the men, who often attended pot luck dinners and parties on Honer’s property.
Baker had been living on Honer’s property in exchange for climbing and trimming coconut trees, her ex-husband, Stephen Shaffer said. Trading work for living accommodations is common in Puna.
Hyatt said Baker left the cabin he was living in on Honer’s property months ago but returned recently claiming “squatter’s rights” and threatened Honer. Hyatt said he urged her to seek a restraining order.
The slayings happened just days after two women requested temporary restraining orders against Baker, saying he had threatened and harassed them at a farm. One woman was staying there and the other co-owned it. A judge denied both applications, saying there was not enough proof of harassment.
No attorney was listed for Baker, who had 20 other cases in the court record in the past two decades, many of them traffic infractions. In most of those cases, Baker represented himself.
Honer, who Shaffer said was traveling out of the country, couldn’t be reached for comment.
A memorial for the men was planned for Saturday next to Honer’s place.
Puna is one of the few places in Hawaii where there’s affordable land, and the area’s infrastructure hasn’t kept up with its growth, said Ashley Kierkiewicz, who represents Puna on the county council.
While Puna has a reputation as a quirky frontier, it’s also a place rich in culture where people are resilient and lean on each other, she said.
Puna, with its landscape that’s a mix of lush jungle and barren lava-rock fields, also struggles with drugs, poverty and limited resources, said longtime resident Tiffany Edwards Hunt.
“People have this mistaken impression that they can come to Hawaii and heal,” she said. “Hawaii can either really be kind to you or it can chew you up and spit you out.”
Surveillance cameras aid capture
Mark Wyatt and Richard Valdez played a key role in Baker’s capture, calling the police when their surveillance camera system pinged Valdez’s phone and it showed Baker on their property on Thursday. Their property is about a half-mile from Carse’s home, but they didn’t know him well.
The videos show Baker, shirtless and barefoot, with a dog walking near a road and getting down on the ground as cars went by, in an apparent attempt to avoid being seen.
“He was ducking from the traffic, so it was pretty obvious” that he was trying to avoid being found, Valdez said.
Authorities arrested Baker a short distance away after finding him in a small cave, police said.
Wyatt said he believed Baker had been hiding near his property in a small, makeshift camping spot over a bluff overlooking the ocean. He said Baker stole couch cushions from a container outside his home and some charcoal, and Baker used coconut tree palm fronds to cover the site.
Valdez said he hadn’t seen Baker in about two years. Back then, he said, Baker was living next door to them, renting space from their neighbor while trimming coconuts from trees and selling them just off the area’s main road. He lived next door for about six months, Valdez said.
“He told me he was from Maui and that he had just had a newborn baby and his girlfriend had left and that he was trying to get his life together,” Valdez said. “So he seemed pretty normal and conscientious, so it’s hard to fathom that this happened.”
___
Collins reported from Hartford, Connecticut.
Hawaii
Manitowoc-built crane sets sail for Navy base in Hawaii
MANITOWOC (WLUK) — A 200-foot Manitowoc-built crane is on its way to a Navy Base in Hawaii.
Big Blue P-82 sailed out of the Manitowoc Harbor Friday morning to Navy Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam on the island of Oahu.
Manitowoc Mayor Justin Nickels posted a bon voyage post to social media, reading in part:
Pearl Harbor is where America’s involvement in World War II began — a moment that changed the course of history. And it is altogether fitting that Big Blue now heads to that very place, because Manitowoc played a defining role in that same war effort. Right here on the same peninsula where Big Blue was built, the people of Manitowoc constructed 28 submarines that helped secure victory and defend freedom around the world. That legacy of ingenuity, patriotism, and hard work is still alive today. The men and women of this community continue to build big things — important things — that support our nation and strengthen our future. Their skill and dedication are part of a story that spans generations. We’re proud of Big Blue, proud of those who built it, and proud of Manitowoc’s enduring place in American history. Safe travels, Big Blue; from a city that helped win a war to the harbor where it began, we wish you fair winds and following seas
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The crane will make the 7,600 to 7,800 nautical mile journey from the Manitowoc Harbor through the St. Lawrence Seaway, down the East Coast of the U.S. before going through the Panama Canal to the island of Oahu.
Hawaii
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