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Understanding the role Massachusetts played in both developing and resisting eugenics – The Boston Globe

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Understanding the role Massachusetts played in both developing and resisting eugenics – The Boston Globe


As a former highschool historical past trainer, I can consider few subjects which might be extra necessary for younger individuals to check than the horrifying historical past of eugenics, the elimination of sure “undesirable” traits within the human race below the guise of public well being and “race betterment.”

Beacon Hill now has the chance to take steps that can make it potential for educators, college students, and most people to grasp the position Massachusetts performed in each growing and resisting that concept.

The Senate has handed a funds modification primarily based on laws put ahead by Senator Mike Barrett and Consultant Sean Garballey to fund a first-of-its form fee that can examine the historical past of state establishments for these with disabilities. If created, this fee, which might be led by disabled individuals, will undertake historic human rights work, together with figuring out the names of hundreds of individuals buried anonymously in institutional graves.

On the identical time, these lawmakers have put ahead laws (H.3150/S.2009) with Secretary of State William Galvin to make sure that a lot of these names might be made public, and that the fee’s work might be supported by residents who’re at the moment prevented from accessing historic paperwork.

Massachusetts was the primary place in America to supply public training to kids with mental disabilities and the primary to embrace the concept individuals with psychological sickness deserve humane state help. However within the late nineteenth century, these concepts morphed. Scientists, medical doctors, educators, and policymakers created an intricate community of surveillance and segregation, eradicating disabled individuals from their communities, usually to forestall them from having kids. Establishments for individuals with mental, developmental, and psychological well being disabilities — known as state colleges and state hospitals — had been the facilities of this exercise.

Rotted doorways entrance Howe Corridor on the former Walter E. Fernald State College in Waltham on Dec. 6, 2017. Based in 1848, the college made Massachusetts the primary place in America to supply public training to kids with mental disabilities.Jessica Rinaldi/Globe Workers/The Boston Globe

Based mostly on my analysis, the Catholic Church saved state-sanctioned sterilization at bay, however our techniques attracted individuals fascinated about these concepts. They visited from everywhere in the world. Once they returned dwelling to their international locations, they turned what they noticed into insurance policies starting from Britain’s legal guidelines on “psychological defectives” to the Nazi Holocaust.

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In Massachusetts, a community of establishments housed tens of hundreds of individuals. When my college students interviewed former Governor Michael Dukakis in 2019 about his visits to those locations within the early Sixties, his eyes welled. He described them in phrases akin to focus camps.

Throughout that point, a exceptional coalition of moms fashioned and fought again, launching a rights motion that led to federal intervention, main institutional reforms, and a still-contested means of deinstitutionalization.

Many individuals don’t know this historical past, and there are few methods for them to be taught. State restrictions impede entry to paperwork from these establishments in perpetuity. In consequence, there isn’t any official report of what occurred and little method for lecturers to attach this historical past to what’s already recognized.

In the meantime, hundreds of individuals have tales to share, questions on ancestors who had been residents of those state-run hospitals that want answering, and knowledge that they’ve a proper to know. Every day, I obtain e-mails with two questions: How do I get paperwork about my household and the way do I help this work?

My expertise educating project-based incapacity historical past means that there are millions of educators and college students who really feel the identical and can contribute to such an effort as citizen researchers. The subsequent era will get it. They need to assist, and comparable crowdsourcing efforts have labored nationwide.

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However for that to occur, the laws supported by Galvin is required, as a result of it permits for public inspection of paperwork on deceased people after 90 years. Massachusetts is an outlier amongst states in its prohibition on historic data entry, which is why distinguished teams just like the Massachusetts Historic Society help this variation.

Its influence on the work of a incapacity establishments fee is especially acute. With out it, the fee’s efforts to find people in nameless graves will likely be for naught, as a result of the general public will solely be allowed to see lists of blacked out names.

That is laborious work. However the Legislature ought to move the invoice. Harvard College — the place I train — is doing that work, reckoning with their historic position in constructing and perpetuating slavery.

The Commonwealth can do the identical with its historical past. The general public is able to take this up. Dozens of incapacity and historic teams are dedicated to supporting this effort, which can strengthen the collective data wanted to construct a powerful, caring, educated, democratic society. The Legislature has the prospect to satisfy that groundswell with open arms, and it’s a likelihood that should not be missed.

Alex Inexperienced teaches on the Harvard Kennedy College.

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Massachusetts

Massachusetts Gov. Maura Healey said Joe Biden’s political situation is ‘irretrievable,’ New York Times reports

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Massachusetts Gov. Maura Healey said Joe Biden’s political situation is ‘irretrievable,’ New York Times reports


Gov. Maura Healey described President Joe Biden’s political situation as “irretrievable” earlier this week following a damaging debate performance, The New York Times reported.

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Global 'chess boom' ripples through western Massachusetts

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Global 'chess boom' ripples through western Massachusetts


Normally, Alex Cespedes’ classroom is filled with fourth and fifth graders learning science and social studies. But on Thursdays, after classes let out, students at McMahon Elementary School in Holyoke, Massachusetts, pour into the room for a different reason: to do battle.

“That’s actually a very good move,” Rodman Parvin, who co-facilitates the after-school club the kids are all excited about, explained to two students on an afternoon in early May. “Because now it’s check again. And it’s a double attack.”

This is the Cheetah Chess Club, which Cespedes and Parvin started earlier this year. Despite the spring weather coaxing students outdoors, 16 kids showed up that day to push pawns, rooks, knights, bishops, queens and kings around the board. For some players, like Nicole Davis, chess is new. She and fellow fifth grader Tae’la Feliciano are moving pieces across the board, not worried too much about the rules. Others have been playing longer, like fifth grader JJ Rodriguez. He can confidently explain why he plays the Dutch Defense with the black pieces.

“The rook, bishop and knight are all lined up on the inside,” he said. “Because they are the stronger pieces.”

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‘Like a virus right now’

In recent years, there has been an upswell in worldwide interest in chess. For example, the website Chess.com’s servers repeatedly crashed last year under the weight of millions of new players gravitating to the game. It’s a trend that started in 2020 with COVID lockdowns and the hit Netflix show “The Queen’s Gambit,” and has continued as chess influencers get big on social media.

And that global “chess boom” has sent shockwaves through western Massachusetts, too, including at McMahon Elementary.

“It’s kind of like a virus right now,” Cespedes said, who sees students playing everywhere in school now. “If there’s any still or free time, they’re like, ‘Can I have the chess set? I will protect it with my life. I just want to play chess with my friends.’ And beat all the teachers. That’s what they really want to do.”

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Chess clubs in local libraries and other schools have grown in size, too. Sophie Argetsinger is the parent of a second grader at Northampton’s Lander-Grinspoon Academy. She grew up in the vibrant chess scene in Rochester, New York. So when Lander-Grinspoon approached her last year about running a chess club at the school, she was excited.

“The first time I held it there was like 20 kids who signed up, which is crazy because there’s only about 60 kids at the school in total,” she said.

Those numbers have shrunk a bit. But Argetsinger has organized two tournaments at the school in the past year and more students than she expected — from around the region — turned up to play.

“That might have a lot to do with the online presence,” she said of the game’s growing popularity locally. “There’s a lot of chess creators now that are making chess kind of cool and something everyone can engage with.”

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‘They thought it was a nerdy thing’

Ed Kostreba has been organizing chess tournaments in the region for around a quarter century. He directs the Western Massachusetts Chess Association, which last year had 308 people play in its tournaments. That’s more than any year since 1996, the year the world’s media focused its attention on Russian grandmaster Gary Kasparov as he beat the IBM supercomputer Deep Blue — a quaint notion nowadays, when computers are much stronger players than humans.

Kostreba said, back then, the association used to hold around six tournaments a year. That number has now doubled. He is hoping for even more growth in the coming years. However, he and others say there are challenges to keeping chess thriving locally.

“It’s tough because you have to get venues that are reasonable,” Kostreba said. “I’m working on a tournament where we collect entry fees, and paying back 80% as prizes. So that’s tough to do, and at some places the rents have gone way up and we can’t do it.”

On a recent afternoon, Kostreba was playing chess at the Friends of the Homeless shelter in Springfield, where he volunteers weekly

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Sitting across the board from Kostreba was Jay Williams, who has been playing chess for 25 years. He originally learned the game in the correctional system and says he has seen more people playing in recent years — and a more diverse group of players, too.

“A lot of people are definitely interested in chess,” Williams said between moves. “I would say when I was young in junior high school, people wasn’t really all that. They thought it was a nerdy thing. But now I would say it’s a cool thing now.”

Fierce competition

The chess boom has also hit home — for me. After decades away from the game, I found myself returning to it during the pandemic. And somebody else in my family took notice: my 6-year-old daughter, Sasha. She kept seeing me playing on my phone and computer and soon insisted I teach her.

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If I had guessed, I would have said she fell in love with chess because of the game’s beauty. The stunning tactics and complicated dance between pieces. But when I asked her, it was much more simple.

“Winning against Daddy,” she said with a big laugh. “The guy who always losed against me.”


This story is a production of the New England News Collaborative. It was originally published by New England Public Media. 



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Massachusetts ice cream trail leads to sweet hot summer relief

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Massachusetts ice cream trail leads to sweet hot summer relief


By Sharon Oliver, Contributing Writer

The Massachusetts ice cream trail will debut during National Ice Cream Month in July.
The Massachusetts ice cream trail will debut during National Ice Cream Month in July.

REGION – The people of Massachusetts are serious about their ice cream. From chasing down ice cream trucks as a kid to licking the wooden spoon of a Hoodsie cup to trying their first gelato, cooling off with a frozen treat has long been a summer ritual. For some, it is a year-long love affair.

July is National Ice Cream Month, and the Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources (MDAR) has teamed up with nearly 100 state dairy farms in an effort to introduce visitors to various ice cream stands that source local dairy for their delectable desserts.

 

Encouraging travel and tourism

Phu Mai, director of communications for the Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources, told MassLive, “This project will not only promote the consumption of Massachusetts dairy and encourage visitors to discover new dairy farms and local ice cream stands, but it will also support travel and tourism and celebrate the hard-working cows and farmers of the Massachusetts dairy industry, support travel and tourism, and excite ice cream enthusiasts everywhere.

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These farms supply the state with money and milk that helps produce millions of pounds of butter, cheese, ice cream and yogurt. There will be a digital and print map available listing participating dairy farms and ice cream parlors featuring some very dope flavors. Historically, the Bay State has not been afraid of featuring some interesting tastes. For example, located in the western part of the state, in the town of Hadley is a fifth-generation family-owned business called Flayvors of Cook Farm. Asparagus ice cream may sound like a joke, but customers have been coming to Flayvors for 20 years for their “Hadley Grass,” a green seasonal concoction made with fresh spears that is often topped with a caramel sauce.

 

Steve’s was an early pioneer

Steve’s Ice Cream was a Massachusetts ice cream pioneer in the 1970s, and had people literally lining up around the block at its Somerville shop.

As for the die-hard lovers of ice cream, many can recall lining up around and down the block from Steve’s Ice Cream shop in Somerville for a nice hefty scoop. Perhaps lining up is an understatement. Surround and converge upon may be more like it. Established in 1973, owner Steve Herrell’s pioneering business concept of cookie and candy mix-ins inspired chains like Ben & Jerry’s and Cold Stone Creamery, and products like Dairy Queen’s Blizzard and Wendy’s Twisted Frosty. MSNBC’s travel/leisure journalist Tom Austin credits Herrell with creating “modern gourmet ice cream.”

Steve’s Ice Cream, along with a few other local shops made lasting impressions evident by the following comments on Facebook.

Lawrence Lavigne:

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“Kinda interesting to think about all the regional ice cream names that made it big…Ben & Jerry’s, Steve’s, Herrell’s, Brigham’s, Friendly…And now JP Licks. New England sure does love a sundae.”

Allen Lomax:

“Awe, I remember Steve’s Ice Cream. They even opened a store in Washington, D.C. Sad it’s gone like Bailey’s Ice Cream and Brigham’s.”

Christina Coleman:

“I remember waiting in line for over an hour just to get to the front door! Delicious ice cream.”

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Don Burchelt:

“I was often in that line, with my late wife. Once you got in the door, the line continued all the way around the inside wall. The ice cream freezer was in the window, working continuously.”

The state is a hotbed for serving up delicious satisfaction for some cold cravings. Toscanini’s would be another firm yes, as far as local favorites go. The busy ice cream parlor and café won the Best of Boston award for best ice cream in 1997, 2009, and 2010.

Massachusetts has about 95 dairy farms that contribute about $61 million to the state’s economy. The ice cream trail is one of many trail projects the state offers but this one is sure to please all those ice cream enthusiasts with a very discerning sweet tooth. Stay tuned this month for more details about the ice cream trail.

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