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Other places that cost less also have things to do and see. Think you’ll miss being near a large body of water? Here’s a tip: The Great Lakes look a lot like the ocean. You can even surf them for part of the year. They’re too big to see across and they can get massive storms, such as the Huron hurricane of 1913. Plus, the beaches are lovely, and they don’t have sharks. (They do have muskellunge, but those rarely attack humans.)
And guess what single-family homes cost in the Midwestern states that border on the Great Lakes — Michigan, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin? All of them have median single-family home prices that fall between $200,000 and $325,000. A new report from City Lab finds the Midwest might be the last region in the United States homeowners can realistically afford.
I’ve been exploring this because my sons bemoan how long it’s going to be before they can move out. Meanwhile, I’ve been cleaning out my late father’s house in the little city where I grew up in Michigan, about 90 miles west of Detroit. Dad’s house is a 2,000-square-foot, 4 bedroom, two bath fixer-upper with Victorian flourishes and a big yard. Put it pretty much anyplace in the Boston area and it’s almost certainly a million-dollar house, even though it needs a fair amount of work. It is where it is, however, and the real estate agent thinks I’d be lucky to get $120,000 for it. Boys, are you sure it would be so terrible to spend a few years renting from Dad?
The rental market is tight where I grew up, people tell me — vacancy rates are about 18 percent (reminder: Boston’s vacancy rate is below 1 percent). In June, there were 28 houses on the market in my hometown, starting at $41,000 for a 1,048-square-foot, two bedroom, one bath home. Granted, the agent noted that one “needs sprucing up,” but it did sell, for about $35,000.
I’ve lived on both US coasts, so I know right about now some of you are sneering cheap for a reason. Yes, I get it, these are all states New Englanders like to mock — the buckle of the Rust Belt. Out here there are pity parties for people from places such as Cleveland or Milwaukee or Detroit. While you’ll do best financially if you’re able to work remotely, all the Great Lakes states have unemployment rates below 5 percent, with most below 4 percent.
It’s true that aside from Illinois, the Great Lakes states are not as progressive as Massachusetts. But most of them are at least decent on several measures of social tolerance (though maybe Indiana has more in common with Alabama). All the cities I mentioned have metro areas with at least a million people. They have excellent museums, cultural institutions, and recreational options, along with vibrant neighborhoods. Plus, collegiate sports in the Midwest aren’t stuck reminiscing about a certain Hail Mary in 1984, and as a region it has one less pro sports championship than Boston has had since 2000 (more, if you count Pennsylvania’s). Chicago is, of course, a great city. I would move back there in a heartbeat if I could talk my wife into it.
And yes, it’s also true that some of the Great Lakes states have enough Republicans living in them to shade purple or even red (looking at you, Indianabama). Just think of it as a different kind of diversity, like New Hampshire but friendlier. Remember, these states also tend to have big labor union membership. If you’re red or blue, you’ll find your people.
Because here’s the thing: Boston isn’t going to get more affordable any time soon. Daryl Fairweather, the chief economist for Redfin, says the main issue here in Boston, as with nearly all American cities, is that “the supply of housing is restricted.” Supply can’t meet demand, in other words. And as the Globe has detailed again and again, it isn’t going to for years to come.
Another reason prices are so high here could be that they’re driven by future expectations. Forthcoming work by Itzhak Ben-David, a finance professor at The Ohio State University, and two coauthors found that during the housing boom of 1996 to 2006, prices were higher in some places partly because people expected them to be. The Great Lakes states had lower prices than Boston in part because there’s an expectation in the market that economic opportunity, and thus rents, will continue to be higher in Boston than in, say, Detroit or Erie, Pennsylvania. Of course, the factors that influence pricing are also complex and vary by place. “Real estate is not a commodity that is easy to transport from one place to another,” Ben-David told me in an email interview.
Right now, Boston prices are high in part because people expect them to be. Expectations can be dashed, as happened in 2006, when the housing bubble burst. But why wait?
Economist Fairweather moved from Seattle to a smallish city in Wisconsin in a resort area for Chicagoans. She moved in part because her husband’s family is in the region, and in part because cost analysis showed that despite her deep ties to the Seattle area, it was time for her and her family to move someplace with a lower cost of living, and one where livability wasn’t trending downward. She says she’s been in Wisconsin for three years now, and “it’s getting better in terms of amenities.”
That’s what places will do when people move to them — they develop more reasons to enjoy living there. It takes time and patience. Remember that Massachusetts wasn’t as progressive just a few decades ago. States don’t stay static, as we’re seeing with Arizona, Georgia, and New Mexico. It might be awkward for a while before you start to feel like you’re in Jamaica Plain West. But if you’ve already contemplated living in your car to afford staying in Boston, maybe a little social discomfort isn’t going to phase you.
Don’t wait too long, though — even my Michigan hometown is in what Rocket Homes says is a seller’s market, because prices are rising. Median pricing could hit the $130s sometime soon.
Michael Fitzgerald is editor in chief of Harvard Public Health and a former editor at Globe Magazine. Send comments to magazine@globe.com.
 
																	
																															 
														 
Downtown Crossing’s Estella (49 Temple Place) expands to a 250-seat Foxborough space in December (226 Patriot Place), new from owners Lillian and Helder Brandão.
Expect Latin-African fusion: kreyol pasta, branzino, rasta pasta (pappardelle in spicy oxtail cream), and plenty of veggie choices like roasted vegetable vegan ravioli, bang bang cauliflower, and candied-apple Brussels sprouts.
Pair it all with a lychee martini — and a bigger beer selection than at the Boston original, befitting the Gillette-adjacent location.
Chef Sarah Wade (Sloane’s, Stillwater) opens SJ’s in early November (745 Atlantic Ave.). She’s known for comfort food, including outrageous versions of mac and cheese. Her newest spot keeps with that theme. Try shrimp toast on white bread filled with sesame and scallion; a trio of pork rillette macarons; caviar and blinis; and steak frites.
Closings: Birds of Paradise at the Charles River Speedway (525 Western Ave.) pours its final drink on Friday, Oct. 31, confirms Will Isaza, a longtime familiar face behind their bar.
An Instagram post, soundtracked to John Denver’s “Leaving on a Jet Plane”— an homage to the golden age of air travel theme — thanked staff, past and present, for “taking part in our journey around the world.”
It opened in 2022, helmed by Ran Duan, then at the top of his career with hot spots such as Baldwin Bar and Blossom Bar.
“The whole concept behind Birds of Paradise is traveling and escapism. The menu is going to be based on plane tickets. Think of Pan Am,” he said at the time. “We thought, especially with the timing of the pandemic, the space, and everything that’s been going on, it was the perfect concept with the perfect timing to get people to travel somewhere they miss.”
Lately, Duan has been in the news after the closure of another Brookline bar, Ivory Pearl, and the departure of several long-term bartenders and a beverage manager amid the personal upheaval chronicled in a September 2025 Globe story.
Isaza continues to run Salsa Shack at the Speedway, serving corn tortilla tacos and corn chowder.
Relocations: James Beard Award finalist Erin Miller will move her Urban Hearth from North Cambridge to a flagship location in Inman Square (1281 Cambridge St.), opening in early 2026. This space will be larger, with a six-seat chef’s counter, a salon area, and a full-service bar. The smaller, original branch (2263 Massachusetts Ave.) will stay open, serving Miller’s local, seasonal menu.
Kara Baskin can be reached at kara.baskin@globe.com. Follow her @kcbaskin.
 
														 
As autonomous vehicle technology becomes more common around the country, Boston is struggling to determine how driverless cars could fit in on the city’s congested and confusing streets — if it allows them at all.
The City Council postponed a vote Wednesday on an ordinance that would ban commercial autonomous vehicles, which carry passengers similarly to taxis or ride-share services, from operating in Boston until a thorough study is completed on how their introduction would impact the city.
Councilor Gabriela Coletta Zapata, chair of the Committee on Government Operations, said during the weekly council meeting that more work was needed on the ordinance after an hours-long hearing on the matter on Tuesday.
During the hearing, many residents testified passionately on opposite sides of the issue, at times pitting different interest groups against each other.
Much of the worry about commercial autonomous vehicles stems from fears that they could take away jobs from Uber and Lyft drivers and create safety issues on the road.
But disabled residents who spoke said that, on the contrary, it could actually make Boston safer for them.
“I think there is a world in which we can do both,” Councilor Julia Mejia said during Tuesday’s hearing. “There is a way in which we can improve the quality of experience for our disability community while also maintaining the integrity of our workforce and we’re not hurting our low-income workers.”
Earlier this year, Waymo, a leading self-driving car company that operates “robotaxis” in several cities across the country, began deploying its vehicles in Boston to begin mapping the city.
Although the mapping cars were operated by humans and the company has no concrete plans to expand its service to Boston, the initiative sparked conversations at both the city and state levels about how to prepare for the potential impacts of driverless technology.
Members of the union representing ride-share drivers rallied in front of City Hall on Tuesday to oppose Waymo’s plans for Boston, saying it would result in the loss of their jobs and wages that they depend on to support their families, and in turn hurt the local economy.
The brand-new union, which was authorized by a state-wide ballot initiative last year, is still establishing itself, and leaders said autonomous vehicles would do away with all of the progress they had made toward job safety for members.
“We’re not against technology,” App Drivers Union Executive Director Autumn Weintraub said. “We are against technology that benefits billionaires. We need technology that is for the people, that is for workers and that is going to help workers and their families make a better life, not create a dystopian society where people don’t know how to survive.”
Some drivers said they provide an essential service beyond just driving people around that a driverless car would be unable to perform.
One said he had recently stopped to call an ambulance when he saw someone who had overdosed on the side of the road, while others shared stories of helping riders with bags or simply making a human connection.
Alfred Potter, a ride-share driver for the last 11 years, told MassLive that he drives full-time and it is his main source of income, with which he supports his wife and eight children, four of whom live with him.
He said on a recent ride, he picked up a senior couple at Lawrence General Hospital, getting out of the car to take their belongings and help the couple — one using a walker and the other using a cane — into the vehicle.
During the hour-long drive, the man said he needed to use the bathroom. There wasn’t a rest stop nearby, but Potter pulled over somewhere secluded and helped the man to the woods to relieve himself.
“They were very thankful. I did it because I firmly believe it is the least I would expect if anyone in my family had that need,” Potter said. “I don’t believe any autonomous vehicle I know of would be able to do that.”
Matt Walsh, Waymo’s regional head of state and public policy, said that in other cities where the company has launched, they have not seen any impact on jobs or wages.
He said that in San Francisco in 2024, the number working for taxi and limousine companies grew by 7% and wages in the industry rose by 14%.
“You see a Waymo vehicle without a driver and you automatically equate it with a one-for-one job loss for people that are driving for a living,” Walsh said. “The reality is that a service like Waymo requires a tremendous amount of hardworking people to make that work. Vehicle technicians, dispatchers, fleet managers, people working in our offices cleaning the vehicles. We are very excited about the job growth that we are going to create.”
He added that Waymo is working on partnerships with organizations like the Ben Franklin Institute of Technology and the Clubhouse Network, an after-school STEM program in Roxbury, to develop jobs programs in Boston.
The City Council chamber was packed during Tuesday’s hearing, with most of those present coming directly inside from the labor rally.
But a strong contingent from the disability community also came out to oppose limitations on autonomous vehicles, which they said could provide unprecedented opportunities for freedom and independence.
Bay State Council of the Blind Director Nora Nagle, who is legally blind and uses a guide dog, said she had often been refused rides by Uber or Lyft drivers who didn’t want a dog in their car, despite laws requiring them to accommodate service animals.
“I’ve been refused politely, I’ve been refused rudely. Some just drive away, some drivers give me excuses,” she said. “Where’s the humanity in leaving a blind person standing in the dark in the rain with no way to get home? … If I could take a safe autonomous car, it would mean that I wouldn’t have to worry about being refused two, three and four times in a row.”
Walsh said Waymo has already introduced features specifically aimed at helping visually impaired riders in response to customer feedback, including cars playing a melody so riders know they are getting into the correct vehicle and audio narration that tells riders what streets they are on as they travel.
The ordinance requiring an impact study, which was originally filed by Councilors Erin Murphy and Henry Santana, was sent back to committee for further discussion.
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								New England Patriots
							
The New England Patriots are reportedly moving on from a former second-round pick.
According to NFL Network’s Tom Pelissero, the Patriots are trading defensive end Keion White to the San Francisco 49ers in exchange for a 2026 sixth-round pick and a 2026 seventh-round pick.
It stands as a largely underwhelming return for a 26-year-old player who recorded five sacks last seasons and was a high draft pick just two years ago. But, the writing was on the wall that White needed a fresh start elsewhere after failing to carve out a role in Mike Vrabel’s defense.
One of New England’s top pass-rushers last season, White fell behind on New England’s depth chart during training camp, with Vrabel’s new defensive scheme and the presence of several interior pass-rushers like Milton Williams, Khyiris Tonga, and a healthy Christian Barmore negating White’s top strength when it came to rushing up the gut to put pressure on opposing QBs.
White was unable to settle into a groove as more of an outside edge rusher, losing out a featured role to the likes of Harold Landry and K’Lavon Chaisson as the preseason carried on.
White appeared in just five games for New England this season, recording just six total tackles. He was designated as a healthy scratch ahead of Sunday’s win over the Cleveland Browns. He logged 17 total snaps in Week 7 against the Titans.
The Georgia Tech product look poised for a breakout season with New England in 2024 after posting four sacks over the first two games of the year. But, he only recorded two sacks over his remaining 36-game run in Foxborough before the team opted to send him out west.
Even if White wasn’t a strong fit in Vrabel’s defense, his absence makes New England’s pass-rushing corps a bit thinner. The Patriots’ pass-rushing personnel now features Chaisson, Landry, Anfernee Jennings, Elijah Ponder, and Caleb Murphy on the active roster.
White will look to recoup his value in the Bay Area, where his pass-rushing capabilities will be utilized to account for the loss of Nick Bosa, who suffered a season-ending knee injury in Week 3.
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