Lifestyle
AI can generate recipes that can be deadly. Food bloggers are not happy
Sarah and Kaitlin Leung develop recipes with their parents for their blog, The Woks of Life.
Christine Han
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Christine Han
Apple released its iOS 18 this month. The update, which came with the release of the latest iterations of the iPhone, Apple Watch and AirPods, includes expanded applications of artificial intelligence, called “Apple Intelligence.” Apple isn’t the only company to integrate AI into its operating system. Samsung’s S24 devices and UI 6.1 update included Galaxy AI-supported elements, and Google phones will soon feature Gemini AI too.
Many companies have advertised a feature in their newer phones that lets users utilize AI as a recipe generator assistant. In the Apple Intelligence demo, a user asks Siri for a dinner party meal plan with ingredients they have, and the AI returns a list of recipes using those ingredients. While that seems convenient, most of the press up to this point about the relationship between AI and cooking has been negative.
Apple is integrating ChatGPT access into its newest operating system.
Apple
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Apple
For years, chefs on YouTube and TikTok have staged cook-offs between “real” and AI recipes — where the “real” chefs often prevail. In 2022, Tasty compared a chocolate cake recipe generated by GPT-3 with one developed by a professional food writer. While the AI recipe baked up fine, the food writer’s recipe won in a blind taste test. The tasters preferred the food writer’s cake because it had a more nuanced, not-too-sweet flavor profile and a denser, moister crumb compared to the AI cake, which was sweeter and drier.
AI recipes can be dangerous too. Last year, Forbes reported that one AI recipe generator produced a recipe for “aromatic water mix” when a Twitter user prompted it to make a recipe with water, bleach and ammonia. The recipe actually produced deadly chlorine gas.
With AI-generated recipes, casual cooks may risk a lousy meal or a life-threatening situation. For food bloggers and recipe developers, this technology can threaten their livelihood.
Sarah and Kaitlin Leung are sisters who make up one half of the family behind The Woks of Life, a food blog focused on sharing “recipes, kitchen exploits, and travels.” They started the blog in 2013 with their parents, Bill and Judy.
Recipes for The Woks of Life begin in what Sarah refers to as the “ideation phase.” “Sometimes we have a group conversation,” she says. “Sometimes it’s about fulfilling requests for recipes that we are asked for by readers. Sometimes it’s totally new and requires a lot of research and experimentation, going out to restaurants to eat that dish, watching videos, or scouring the Chinese internet for ideas.”
After an idea is conceived, the Leungs will test a recipe up to 40 times. “It took my dad like a year to come up with some of his recipes,” Sarah said. All four family members have to sign off on each recipe before it gets published. “We know that our readers are trusting us with their ingredients and time. So we try to make sure our recipe not only works but also reads well and is easy to follow,” Sarah continued.
This recipe development process is also about cultural connection and understanding for the sisters. “We had the experience of realizing that we didn’t really know how to cook Chinese food that well,” Kaitlin said. “All that is really reflected in the blog. We’re still always learning, and always trying to make sure we’re finding new techniques and ingredients.”
“The stories that surround these recipes and the connections that we make with people through these recipes — it’s so deeply human,” Sarah says. That’s why the sisters are skeptical of AI-generated recipes. “The machine doesn’t eat and the machine can’t taste. So what is it?
Andrew Olson believes AI has a place in the recipe development space. He’s a software engineer who develops recipes for his food blog, One Ingredient Chef, which has recipes focused on featuring one whole, unprocessed ingredient.
In 2019, Olson began experimenting with GPT-2, a rudimentary version of the ChatGPT software. “I was already thinking about how it could be used for recipe development and to help people come up with new creative ways of cooking,” Olson said.
Olson’s DishGen can generate recipes as well as photos of what the finished product might look like.
DishGen
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DishGen
In 2023, he released DishGen, a tool that harnesses AI for cooking-specific outputs. On the website, users can input a list of ingredients to generate a recipe that looks just like one from a cookbook. Each recipe even includes a headnote with a sense-based description of the final product and suggestions for when and where to serve each dish. Within the recipe, there are little flairs that evoke the recipe copy style. Cheese is sprinkled “generously,” textures are “harmonious” and muffins are “wholesome.” Premium versions of the software even generate images of what the recipe’s final product could look like.
Olson is aware of the negative press. “Google’s telling people to put gasoline in their pasta,” he says. “So DishGen has focused a lot on safety.” If you provide ingredients that may have toxic combinations, like the components of chlorine gas, the website will not generate a recipe, instead sending a short error message.
The Leungs don’t think AI recipe generators can replicate the sensory experiences and account for the same variations and special touches that human recipe developers can. “What blend of meat are you using? What seasonings are going in for the right amount of meat? How much salt is there? Is the salt affected by the addition of cheese, which is salty?” Because the AI isn’t eating or tasting the food, it instead amalgamates content pulled from the internet and uses preexisting, human-tested recipes to inform the recipes it generates on its own.
“These companies are taking content created by real people, not giving credit or attribution or any kind of compensation to the people that created the content to train their AI models, and then competing directly with those people who created that content. So it’s a huge sort of existential threat,” Sarah says.
Olson sees it differently. “So much of [recipe development] is getting inspiration from other recipes you’ve seen. Like, ‘oh, that’s cool, but I could make it a different way’ or ‘I could add something else.’ I don’t see this technology as any different,” he says. “They’re getting inspiration from what’s publicly available, but they’re not plagiarizing it or reproducing it word for word.”
“I’m not totally doom and gloom,” Sarah says. “AI — I think it can be used in a brainstorming context. You could talk about storage, how long this condiment could be stored in the refrigerator or you could talk about this particular ingredient and elaborate on it.”
Olson agrees. “I think food bloggers could use [AI] to be more creative, to come up with new ideas,” he says, “but I don’t think the technology is there to the point where you can have an entirely AI-generated blog, although that would be a cool concept. Maybe someone should try it and see how it goes.”
As the Leungs prepare for AI technology to reach that point, they are making sure their blog won’t be mistaken as AI-generated by leaning into their family stories. Many casual cooks have long complained about the lengthy and sometimes irrelevant stories they have to scroll past to find a recipe in a blog post. “Weirdly enough,” Sarah notes, “I think that people are going to be looking for those markers that a person created. Like, this is a story.”
Suzanne Nuyen edited this story.
Lifestyle
No matter what happens at the Oscars, Delroy Lindo embraces ‘the joy of this moment’
Delroy Lindo is nominated for an Oscar for best supporting actor for his role in Sinners.
Rebecca Cabage/Invision/AP
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Rebecca Cabage/Invision/AP
Over the course of his decades-long career on stage and in Hollywood, Sinners actor Delroy Lindo has experienced firsthand what he calls the “disappointments, the vicissitudes of the industry.”
On Feb. 22, at the BAFTA awards in London, Lindo and Sinners co-star Michael B. Jordan were the first presenters of the evening when a man with Tourette syndrome shouted a racial slur.
Initially, Lindo says, he questioned if he had heard correctly. Then, he says, he adjusted his glasses and read the teleprompter: “I processed in the way that I process, in a nanosecond. Mike did similarly, and we went on and did our jobs.”
Lindo describes the BAFTA incident as “something that started out negatively becoming a positive.” A week after the BAFTAs, he appeared with Sinners director Ryan Coogler at the NAACP awards.

“The fact that I could stand there in a room predominantly of our people … and feel safe, feel loved, feel supported,” he says. “I just wanted to officially, formally say thank you to our people and to all of the people who have supported us as a result of that event, that incident.”
Sinners is a haunting vampire thriller about twins (both played by Jordan) who open a juke joint in 1930s Mississippi. The film has been nominated for a record 16 Academy Awards, including best actor for Jordan and best supporting actor for Lindo, who plays a blues musician named Delta Slim.

This is Lindo’s first Oscar nomination; five years ago, many felt his performance in the Spike Lee film Da 5 Bloods deserved recognition from the Academy. When that didn’t happen, Lindo admits he was disappointed, but he had no choice but to move on.
“I have never taken my marbles and gone home,” he says. “And I want to claim that I will not do that now. I will continue working.”
Interview highlights
On his preparation to play Delta Slim

Various people have mentioned … [that] my presence reminds them of an uncle or their grandfather, somebody that they knew from their families, and that is a huge compliment, but more importantly than being a compliment, it’s an affirmation for the work. My preparation for this started with Ryan sending me two books, Blues People, by Amiri Baraka — who was [known as] LeRoi Jones when he wrote the book — and Deep Blues, by Robert Palmer.
Lindo, shown above in his role as Delta Slim, says director Ryan Coogler “created a sacred space for all of us” on the Sinners set.
Warner Bros. Pictures
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Warner Bros. Pictures
In reading those books and then referencing those books, continuing to reference those throughout production, I was given an entrée into the worlds, the lifestyles of these musicians. There’s a certain kind of itinerant quality that they moved around a lot. The constant for them is their music, so that there is this deep-seated connection to the music.
On being Oscar-nominated for the first time — and thinking about other Black actors, including Halle Berry and Lou Gossett Jr., who had trouble getting work after their wins
I will not view it as a curse, because I am claiming the victory in this process, no matter what happens. … In terms of this moment, I absolutely am claiming, as much as I can, the joy of this moment. I’m not saying I don’t have trepidation, I do. It’s the reason I was not listening to the broadcast this year when the nominations were announced. I did not want to set myself up. But I’m … attempting as much as I can to fortify myself and know in my heart that I will continue working as an actor. I absolutely will.
On being “othered” as a child because of his race
Because my mom was studying to be a nurse they would not allow her to have an infant child with her on campus, so as a result of that, I was sent to live with a white family in a white working class area of London. … I was loved, I was cared for, but as a result of living with this family in this all-white neighborhood, I went to an all-white elementary or primary school. And I was literally the only Black child in an all-white school.
So one afternoon, after school had ended, I was playing with one of my playmates … And at a certain point in our game, a car pulls up, and this kid that I was playing with goes over to the car and has a very short conversation with whomever was in the car, which I now know was his parent, his father. He comes back and he … says, “I can’t play with you.” And that was the end of the game.
On the experience of writing his forthcoming memoir
It’s been healing, actually. I’m not denying that it has opened me up. I’ve been compelled to scrutinize myself. I’m using that word very advisedly, “scrutinized.” It’s a scrutiny, it’s an examination of oneself. But in my case, because a very, very, very significant part of what I’m writing has to do with re-examining my relationship with my mom. And so my mom is a protagonist in my memoir. I’m told by my editor and by my publisher that one of the attractions to what I’m writing is that it is not a classic “celebrity memoir.” I am examining history. I’m examining culture. I’m looking at certain passages of history through the lens of the “Windrush” experience [of Caribbean immigrants who came to the UK after World War II].
On getting a masters degree to help him write his mother’s story
My mom deserved it. My mom is deserving. And not only is my mom deserving, by extension, all the people of the Windrush generation are deserving. Stories about Windrush are not part of the global cultural lexicon commensurate with its impact. The people of Windrush changed the definition of what it means to be British. There are all these Black and brown people, theretofore members of what used to be called the British Commonwealth. And they were invited by the British government to come to England, the United Kingdom, to help rebuild the United Kingdom in the aftermath of the destruction of World War II. My mom was part of that movement. They helped rebuild construction, construction industry, transportation industry, critically, the health industry, the NHS, the National Health Service. My mom is a nurse.
The reason that I went into NYU was because my original intention was to write a screenplay about my mom. I wanted to write a screenplay about my mom because I looked around and I thought: Where are the feature films that have as protagonist a Caribbean female, a Black female, where are they? … I wanted to address that, I wanted to correct that, what I see as being an imbalance.
Ann Marie Baldonado and Susan Nyakundi produced and edited this interview for broadcast. Bridget Bentz, Molly Seavy-Nesper and Beth Novey adapted it for the web.

Lifestyle
Britney Spears Open to Treatment Plan as Team Weighs Options
Britney Spears
Open to Treatment Plan After DUI Arrest, Source Says
Published
Britney Spears‘ team is hoping the judge mandates treatment for the pop star over jail time following her Wednesday DUI arrest … and Britney isn’t fighting them on that, TMZ has learned.
Sources familiar with the situation tell TMZ … Britney is willing to comply with a treatment and support plan.
We’re told her team is in the early stages of developing a plan and they’re exploring multiple options, including mental health services, detox, and dual-diagnosis programs.
It’s unclear whether she would do inpatient or outpatient treatment, and it’s also unclear whether she would enter treatment before her May 4 court date.
Broadcastify.com
We broke the story … Britney was pulled over by California Highway Patrol officers around 9:30 PM Wednesday in Westlake Village, CA, not far from her home. She was later taken to a hospital — not for any injuries, because we’re told she didn’t sustain any — but to draw her blood to determine her blood alcohol content.
According to CHP, she was arrested for “driving under the influence of a combination of drugs and alcohol.”
Sources familiar with the investigation told us an unknown substance was found in Britney’s car, which was sent to be tested.
Britney’s manager, Cade Hudson, previously told TMZ … “This was an unfortunate and inexcusable incident. Britney will take the right steps, comply with the law, and we hope this marks the start of long-overdue change in her life. She needs help and support during this difficult time. Her boys will be spending time with her, and her loved ones are putting a plan in place to set her up for success and well-being.”
Lifestyle
If you loved ‘Sinners,’ here’s what to watch next
Michael B. Jordan plays twin brothers Smoke and Stack in Sinners.
Warner Bros. Pictures
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Warner Bros. Pictures
Ryan Coogler’s supernatural horror stars Michael B. Jordan playing twin brothers who open a 1930s juke joint in Mississippi. Opening night does not go as planned when vampires appear outside. “In a straightforward metaphor for all the ways Black culture has been co-opted by whiteness, the raucous pleasures and sonic beauty of the juke joint attract the interest of a trio of demons … they wish to literally leech off of the talents and energy of Black folks,” writes critic Aisha Harris. The film made history with a record 16 Academy Award nominations.


We asked our NPR audience: What movie would you recommend to someone who loved Sinners? Here’s what you told us:
Near Dark (1987)
Directed by Kathryn Bigelow; starring Adrian Pasdar, Jenny Wright, Lance Henriksen
If you want another cool vampire movie with Western kind of vibes, check out Kathryn Bigelow’s Near Dark — super underseen and kind of hard to find, but really gritty and sexy and another very different take on what you might think is a genre that had been wrung dry. – Maggie Grossman, Chicago, Ill.
30 Days of Night (2007)
Directed by David Slade; starring Josh Hartnett, Melissa George, Danny Huston
It follows a group of people in a small Alaskan town as they struggle to survive an invasion of vampires who have taken advantage of the month-long absence of the sun. Both this and Sinners revolve around a vampire takeover and the people’s fight to outlast the “night.” – Nathan Strzelewicz, DeWitt, Mich.
The Wailing (2016)
Directed by Na Hong-jin; starring Kwak Do-won, Hwang Jung-min, Chun Woo-hee, Jun Kunimura
In this South Korean supernatural horror film, a mysterious illness causes people in a quiet rural village to become violent and murderous. A local police officer investigates while trying to save his daughter, who begins showing the same disturbing symptoms. The film blends folk horror, religion, and psychological dread, exploring themes of faith, evil, and moral weakness. Like Sinners, it centers on a supernatural force corrupting a close-knit community, builds slow-burning tension, and examines spiritual conflict and human frailty. – Amy Merke, Bronx, N.Y.
Fréwaka (2024)
Directed by Aislinn Clarke; starring Bríd Ní Neachtain, Clare Monnelly, Aleksandra Bystrzhitskaya
In this Irish folk horror film, a home care worker, Shoo, is assigned to stay with an elderly woman who’s convinced she’s under siege by malevolent fairies. Like Sinners, Fréwaka blends folk traditions and social commentary with horror. The social failures Shoo copes with (untreated mental health issues, religious abuse) are just as frightening as the supernatural forces. – Kerrin Smith, Baltimore, Md.
And a bonus pick from our critic:
Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom (2020)
Directed by George C. Wolfe; starring Viola Davis, Chadwick Boseman, Glynn Turman
This is an adaptation of August Wilson’s play about a legendary blues singer (Viola Davis) muscling through a recording session with white producers who want to control her music. Chadwick Boseman’s blistering in his final role. – Bob Mondello, NPR movie critic
Carly Rubin and Ivy Buck contributed to this project. It was edited by Clare Lombardo.
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