Culture
Book Review: ‘Make Believe: On Telling Stories to Children,’ by Mac Barnett
MAKE BELIEVE: On Telling Stories to Children, by Mac Barnett
Mac Barnett is an irrepressible creator of zany books for younger readers. Breezy, frisky romps, dozens of them. (My favorite is Mac B., Kid Spy, Book 1: “Mac Undercover,” which features the former queen of England and her corgis.) He’s an entertainer at heart. In his fiction he knows how to keep young audiences engaged, with droll characters and deft reversals of fortune.
So what are we to make of “Make Believe: On Telling Stories to Children,” the first book for adults by Barnett, our current national ambassador for young people’s literature? This tidy volume of scarcely a hundred pages serves as a succinct defense of his career choice, which he takes as a ministry. (He notes some of the more common disses that well-meaning citizens fling at children’s writers. I particularly cherish something said to me at a fund-raiser when I was being ushered to the microphone: “I would love to write a children’s book, if only I could clear the weekend!”)
I trust it’s fair to start with the single tonal misstep in the volume, which occurs early, on Page 6. With fanfare and too much white space: “A children’s book is a book written for children.” Carry on.
The rest of the book, presented in three chapters, is compulsively readable and doesn’t require a higher degree to appreciate. It has the chatty tone of a slightly obsessive, over-caffeinated friend sitting in your passenger seat with 90 minutes until the next exit.
You can’t help admiring Barnett’s sympathy with the urgent struggle of the young to unlock the riddle of the world. Here he is describing his son’s first tantrum: It involved an intention to go out the front door and in again, over and over. The patient dad eventually lets his toddler straddle the doorsill, wailing, unable to decide in or out. “My son was experiencing the agony of wanting two things that were impossible to have at the same time,” he realizes. “My son wasn’t being a toddler; he was being a person.”
Barnett’s understanding of his child’s dilemma is crucial to his argument: To care about sharing books with children, we have to care about who they are as people. He makes one of his strongest points by calling out the fact that our culture generally holds children in low esteem. To which I might add that while we give lip service to our cherished young, their teachers are underpaid and overworked, their school and library budgets are slashed, and their food security is threatened. Children with big eyes are served up as an emblem of our caring society before the votes against supplying their basic needs carry the day. Don’t get me started.
“Make Believe” isn’t a history. You’ll find little reference to the many narrative forms that feed into the family tree of what we now call children’s books. No Hesiod, no Ovid, no Homer. No Aesop or La Fontaine. No chansons de geste or Chrétien de Troyes. None of John Newbery’s commodification of children’s stories into printed works, nor any mention of the penny dreadful or the funny pages. The great golden age of children’s literature (the mid-19th century to the end of the Edwardian era) — largely though not entirely British writing — does get its due. But Barnett’s laser focus is the reality of life, and books, for the younger child.
He is incisive in his selection of a few examples. I, for one, have never viewed Richard Scarry’s Busytown books as worth analyzing. Perhaps that’s because I didn’t encounter them in my own long-ago childhood? But I’m corrected, and I’m thankful for it. Meanwhile, Maurice Sendak and Margaret Wise Brown, two midcentury creators fostered by the great Harper & Row children’s book editor Ursula Nordstrom, are given proper pride of place. Barnett tells us what these three godheads brought to our modern understanding of the complexity, if inarticulacy, of the emotional lives of children.
In the book’s central section, Barnett trains his attention on Brown’s classic picture book “Goodnight Moon.” Like a sapper defusing a bomb, he examines those familiar pages in a revelatory and even clinical way. He elucidates the famous double-page spread accompanying the text “Goodnight nobody/Goodnight mush.” Anyone who has ever held a child on a lap at bedtime while reading Brown’s book aloud has encountered the Dadaist conundrum of a blank page to connote “Goodnight nobody” — certainly one of the most potentially frightening concepts for a young rabbit, um, kid, who in falling asleep will be more alone than it is possible to be while awake. That “Goodnight mush” is on the opposite page is a eucatastrophe: “We exist! We are alive! We eat food! What a relief!” It’s “Always look on the bright side of death” for the youngest minds. Barnett’s entire treatise is worth this epiphany — and there are a lot more I could trot out for you.
“Fiction is a kind of game, and reading is a way of playing.” This has the sound of a koan at a poetry workshop, and yet the grateful reader of “Make Believe” can make believe they understand it. And making believe is the first step toward making sense. Kudos to Barnett.
MAKE BELIEVE: On Telling Stories to Children | By Mac Barnett | Little, Brown | 112 pp. | $20
Culture
How Many of These Books and Their Screen Versions Do You Know?
Welcome to Great Adaptations, the Book Review’s regular multiple-choice quiz about printed works that have gone on to find new life as movies, television shows, theatrical productions and more. This week’s challenge highlights the screen adaptations of popular books for middle-grade and young adult readers. Just tap or click your answers to the five questions below. Scroll down after you finish the last question for links to the books and their screen versions.
Culture
Ellen Burstyn on Her Favorite Books and Her Love of Poetry
In an email interview, she talked about why she followed up a memoir with “Poetry Says It Better” — and when and why she leans on the “For Dummies” series. SCOTT HELLER
Describe your ideal reading experience.
Next to a warm fire in a house in the woods. Barring that, at home in bed.
How have your reading tastes changed over time?
When I first began reading, I read fiction. My favorite novel was “The Magic Mountain,” by Thomas Mann. Over the years I find that I am less interested in fiction and more interested in trying to learn about science and mathematics. I love the “For Dummies” series. I remember reading or hearing many years ago, maybe in high school, that the first law of thermodynamics is that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change form. So, I was thrilled to learn there was such a book as “Thermodynamics for Dummies.” It was interesting reading, but I’m afraid I could not quote you anything from that book.
What’s the best book you’ve ever received as a gift?
I received the “Rubaiyat” of Omar Khayyám from someone, probably from my first husband, Bill. It stimulated my love of poetry, beautifully illustrated books and also my fascination with the East and the Mideast.
Why write “Poetry Says It Better” rather than, say, a follow-up to your 2006 memoir?
“Poetry Says It Better” has some references to my life, but I feel I wrote enough about myself in my memoir, and I include some of my personal history in this book.
You write that you’ve memorized poems your whole adult life. What’s the last poem you memorized?
I am working on “Shadows,” by D.H. Lawrence. I am trying to get that securely in my memory. Of course, at 93 I am not as good at memorizing as I used to be, or at holding on to what I have already memorized. But it is good exercise for the memory to use it.
You quote a line from Kaveh Akbar: “Art is where what we survive survives.” Why does that line resonate so much for you?
That line is so meaningful to me because I know that the difficult first 18 years of my life is the emotional library I descend into for every part I’ve ever played, and every poem that has landed in my heart.
Of all the characters you’ve played across different media, which role felt the richest — the most novelistic?
I would have to say Lois in “The Last Picture Show.” She was a character I didn’t really understand right away. I had to dig for her. She was multidimensional. I feel literary characters are like that.
What’s the best book about acting, or the life of an actor, you’ve ever read?
I have to name two. “My Life in Art,” by Konstantin Stanislavsky, and “A Dream of Passion,” by Lee Strasberg.
How do you organize your books?
I’ve collected my library for 70 years. All my classic literature is together, on two facing walls in the front of my living room. On the other end of the room, I have my art books. Facing them are my travel and music books. On the fourth wall are some of my science books.
In the large entrance hall, I have one standing bookcase of the complete Carl Jung collection, and near it another bookcase of poetry anthologies. In my kitchen office are all the books about food. Then I have a writing room that contains books of poetry and science, and my Sufi books. In my bedroom are my spiritual and religious books.
What books are on your night stand?
Currently: “Anam Cara: Spiritual Wisdom From the Celtic World,” by John O’Donohue; “Prayers of the Cosmos,” by Neil Douglas Klotz; “The Courage to Create,” by Rollo May; “Radical Love,” by Omid Safi; Pema Chödrön’s “How We Live Is How We Die”; “The Trial of Socrates,” by I.F. Stone; “Our Green Heart: The Soul and Science of Forests,” by Diana Beresford-Kroeger; and “On Living and Dying Well,” by Cicero.
What book might people be surprised to find on your shelves?
Probably Ken Wilber’s “A Brief History of Everything” and Michio Kaku’s “Physics of the Future.” These are two of my favorite books. I love to read books on science that are not written for scientists but for curious readers like me.
You’re organizing a literary dinner party. Which three writers, dead or alive, do you invite?
Oh, definitely Mary Oliver, my favorite poet of all time, and Edgar Allan Poe. The thought of those two people talking to each other. Finally, Tennessee Williams, who’s written some of the greatest plays ever.
Culture
Speculative Fiction Books Full of Real Horrors
In most cases, truth is stranger than fiction. But sometimes we need strange fiction to show us the truth. My favorite works of science fiction and fantasy take place in a world that largely resembles our own, and shine a spotlight on the issues of today by blending fantastical imagination with real-world commentary.
Take “Buffy the Vampire Slayer.” High school is hell (literally). Coming out (as a Slayer) is hard. The man you love could transform after sex into someone you no longer recognize (say, a vampire). Allusions to the speculative are common in everyday speech: The untested drug is a “magic pill,” the horrible boss is the “devil himself,” or the female politician is “possessed by a Jezebel spirit.” Taking these propositions seriously can shine a light on what ails us (corporate greed, worker exploitation, good old-fashioned misogyny — take your pick). It’s also what inspired me to play with the idea of actual monsters haunting an abortion clinic in my latest novel, “We Dance Upon Demons,” after I was called a “demon” while volunteering at Planned Parenthood.
When used well, speculative elements take a familiar concept that our brains might otherwise gloss over as familiar and make it just different and exciting enough that we can see new or deeper dimensions. In contemporary stories, they create a gateway for the reader to put herself in a character’s shoes. It’s hard to imagine, for example, how I would fare in the Hunger Games (poorly, I’m sure), but I definitely know what I would do if I started seeing demons at work (Google symptoms of a brain tumor).
Here are some of my favorite books that make a contemporary feast out of the simple question: What if?
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