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Should you stretch before exercise? After? Never? Here’s what to know

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Should you stretch before exercise? After? Never? Here’s what to know

Panamanian gymnast Hillary Heron stretches as she trains for the Olympics at the No Limits Gymnastics Center in Panama City, Saturday, June 15, 2024, ahead of the Games in Paris.
AP, File

For many people of a certain age, high school gym class began with reaching for their toes. Then, over the years, we were told it was better to stretch after exercise.

It turns out, both those things can be true, but the differing advice has created some confusion.

Stretching can help make you more flexible, improve range of motion in your joints — and feel good. David Behm, who researches human kinetics at Memorial University of Newfoundland in St. John’s, Canada, offers this advice on when to stretch and how to do it safely:

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David Behm, author of “The Science and Physiology of Flexibility and Stretching,: Implications and Applications in Sport Performance and Health” stretches.
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Warm up first

It’s almost always good to stretch, but it’s better if you warm up first, said Behm, author of “The Science and Physiology of Flexibility and Stretching.” He recommends a light aerobic activity such as jogging, walking or cycling for five or 10 minutes.

Follow that with some static stretching, the traditional way of reaching and holding a position (think back to that gym class). You can then do activity-specific dynamic stretching, in which you warm up the muscles with repetitive movements like leg lifts.

Behm says one minute is “the magic number” for how long to do static stretching per muscle group without fatigue.

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The Chicago Cubs mascot playfully stretches with Seiya Suzuki prior to a spring training baseball game against the Los Angeles Angels, Wednesday, March 6, 2024, in Mesa, Ariz.
AP, File

Expand your definition of ‘stretching’

Should you always stretch before exercising? If it’s traditional stretching, not necessarily.

The better question, Behm says, is, “Should people increase their range of motion? Should people have better flexibility? And that is yes, because it helps prevent injuries. It helps with health. But you don’t have to stretch to achieve that.”

Resistance training, for instance, can be an effective form of stretching, he said. Doing a chest press increases range of motion in your deltoids and pecs, whether with barbells, dumbbells or machines, so there is no need to stretch beforehand. Just make sure to start with a small amount of weight to warm up and then add more to train.

“You probably don’t have to do extra stretching unless you’re a gymnast, a figure skater, or even a golfer who needs a great range of motion through that swing,” Behm said.

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Nor do you need to stretch first if you’re going for a leisurely run. Simply start with a slow jog to warm up and then increase the pace.

Don’t do it if it hurts

After exercise, “light stretching is OK, as long as you don’t reach a point where you’re feeling pain,” Behm said. Since your muscles will be warm by that point, overdoing it makes you more likely to injure yourself.

Foam rollers can help with muscle recovery and have been shown to increases range of motion as well as stretching.

Do some static stretching before sports

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If you’re playing a sport, Behm said, static stretching beforehand helps reduce muscle and tendon injury.

“If you’re going to do an explosive movement, change of direction, agility, sprint, any of these explosive activities that involve your muscles and tendons,” he said, “you’re going to be stronger if you do static stretching.”

People can especially get in trouble when they go back to a sport they used to play, whether it’s tennis, surfing or any sort of team activity.

Also, stretch both sides equally. Lacking flexibility on one side also can lead to injury.

Sounds simple. Why all the confusion?

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Different studies over the years have either encouraged or discouraged stretching before exercise. Behm says that partly because some studies didn’t reflect real-life conditions, or were designed with elite athletes in mind, not regular people.

“If you’re Usain Bolt, it makes a difference,” said Behm. Not so much for the rest of us.

Fitness

I tried the 10-minute mobility workout a strength trainer has been doing for over 20 years—here’s why I’ll be making it a permanent fixture in my training program

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I tried the 10-minute mobility workout a strength trainer has been doing for over 20 years—here’s why I’ll be making it a permanent fixture in my training program

I don’t normally do mobility workouts. Instead, I focus on my running and strength training programs.

But mobility work shouldn’t be an optional extra. It’s something all of us would benefit from doing.

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Maintaining an exercise regimen benefits my husband with hemophilia

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Maintaining an exercise regimen benefits my husband with hemophilia

My husband, Jared, first set foot in a gym just months into our relationship. It wasn’t some grand fitness decision — just curiosity. What would it feel like to work out? That question led us to a small, hole-in-the-wall bakal gym near his university — a Filipino term for a no-frills neighborhood gym, often pieced together with improvised machines, rusted plates, and years of wear and tear. We kept going back anyway.

What started as something casual became a rhythm we carried through his college years, then into our home, and eventually into our marriage. Even during my pregnancy — against popular opinion — I kept showing up alongside him.

But for Jared, it wasn’t just about aesthetics, routine, or even discipline. It was about necessity.

Living with hemophilia means learning early on that your body has limits. Joints can be vulnerable in ways other people don’t have to think about. Injuries don’t always resolve quickly or cleanly. And even with treatment, there’s still a quiet responsibility to take care of your body in a way that reduces risk where possible.

For Jared, the gym became one way of doing that. Not to “fix” his condition, but to support his body so it could carry him through everyday life. Stronger muscles meant more stability around his joints, more control over how he moved, and fewer moments of uncertainty.

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Working out wasn’t about pushing past his condition. It was about working with it.

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When stopping feels like the easier choice

So when Jared burned his hand earlier this year, it would have been easy — understandable, even — to stop. It would’ve seemed logical to wait until things felt normal again (if they ever would).

But recovery didn’t look like rest. It took the form of occupational therapy sessions that left him screaming and writhing in pain behind closed doors. The goal was to make the burned skin flexible again, reduce contractures, flatten keloids, and restore as much movement as possible. It wasn’t a process anyone would describe as gentle.

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In many ways, that alone was already more demanding than any workout he’d done before.

And when he was discharged from the hospital in January, the effects of disuse were hard to ignore. His right wrist — normally thick and strong — had visibly shrunken. The muscle loss was immediate, almost startling.

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So he started small. Basic movements with 3-pound dumbbells. In those early days, even holding the weight was a struggle. His grip strength was virtually nonexistent. But he kept going.

Nearly five months later, things look different. He’s back to following full-body workouts on YouTube. His movements are steadier and stronger. And little by little, the strength has come back. These days, he can curl 12-pound dumbbells with his burned and contracted hand — something that would have felt out of reach not too long ago.

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Not starting from zero

I’ve realized over time that hemophilia, for Jared, isn’t something that takes him out of the equation. If anything, it demands that he stay in it.

There’s a kind of structure that comes with knowing your body has limits. You pay attention differently. You learn what works and what doesn’t. You don’t always have the luxury of being careless — so you become deliberate instead.

And in that way, movement becomes less about motivation and more about maintenance. Less about aesthetics and more about function.

The burn injury could have interrupted that. In some ways, it did. But it didn’t erase the foundation he had already built. If anything, it made it clearer why that foundation mattered in the first place.

Because when something does go wrong — when there’s an injury, a setback, a moment when your body doesn’t cooperate — you’re not starting from zero. You’re working from something that’s already there.

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That doesn’t make it easy. But it does mean he never has to start from nothing.


Note: Hemophilia News Today is strictly a news and information website about the disease. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. The opinions expressed in this column are not those of Hemophilia News Today or its parent company, Bionews, and are intended to spark discussion about issues pertaining to hemophilia.

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Did you know you can start building strong glutes without any equipment? An expert trainer explains how

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Did you know you can start building strong glutes without any equipment? An expert trainer explains how

No offense to all the hearts out there, but the glutes are the body’s engine.

They propel you forward when you walk or run, and come into play during the majority of your daily movements.

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