Fitness
Exercise 'sweet spot' you need to hit to live longer – it's less than you think
SCIENTISTS have revealed the exercise ‘sweet spot’ you need to hit to live longer.
It’s no secret that working out is a key part of staying healthy for longer – but you don’t need to spend hours at the gym each week to reap the benefits, scientists from the University of Jyväskylä in Finland said.
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In fact, moderate levels of activity could be enough to lower your risk of death, they suggested.
Finnish researchers studied the exercise habits of 22,750 twins, following up with them after 15 and 30 years to assess their biological age and risk of mortality.
They split participants up into four groups:
- Sedentary
- Moderately active
- Active
- Highly active
Moderate-movers seemed to reap the most benefits from exercise, with a seven per cent lower risk of death compared to people who didn’t work out.
Though higher levels of exercise were found to lower the risk of mortality in the short-term, it actually brought no additional benefit in the long-term, researchers said.
They found that highly active participants didn’t get any more benefit to their mortality risk – essentially, more is not necessarily better.
Associate professor Elina Sillanpää from the Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences suggested that the idea that ‘being sedentary increases the risk of death’ is incorrect.
Instead, he says: “An underlying pre-disease state can limit physical activity and ultimately lead to death, not the lack of exercise itself.
“This can bias the association between physical activity and mortality in the short term.”
The twins participating in the study were all born before 1958 and their physical activity was assessed through questionnaires in 1975, 1981 and 1990.
Over a third (38.8 per cent) of the participants from the sedentary class died during the 30-year follow-up period, compared to 30.8 per cent of the moderately active group, 29 per cent of the active group and 25.4 per cent of the highly active group.
Moderately active and sporty participants had a 16 and 24 per cent lower risk of death compared to the sedentary group.
But after researchers factored in lifestyle-related factors and participants’ body mass index, their risk was only reduced by seven and nine per cent.
“But the moderately active and active classes exhibited lower risks of all-cause mortality compared to the sedentary class and highly active class within all pairs,” researchers wrote in the study published to Nature.
How researchers worked out activity levels
Participants’ levels of physical activity were measured using questionnaires, which looked at how much they moved or worked out each week, how long for and how intense the bouts were.
Each answer was assigned a score, after which participants were divided into their four groups.
The questionnaires differed slightly between 1975 and 1981, and 1990.
Here’s what the one used in 1990 looked like:
The following questions are about your physical activity during leisure time or during your daily journey to work during last 12 months.
How many hours in week you engage in physical activity corresponding to each intensity level?
Intensity levels:
- Walking
- Alternatively walking and jogging
- Jogging
- Running
Duration:
- Not at all
- Less than 30 minutes a week
- Between 30 minutes and less than an hour a week
- Two to three hours a week
- Four hours of more a week
The researchers also investigated whether following the World Health Organization’s physical activity guidelines affects mortality and genetic disease risk.
The guidelines advise adults to do 150 to 300 minutes of moderate or 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous activity weekly.
The study found that meeting these guidelines did not lower people’s risk of death or change their genetic risk.
Even for twins who met the recommended levels of exercise over a 15-year period, there wasn’t a difference in mortality rates compared to their less active twin pair.
Finally, researchers estimated the biological age of participants, looking at how it changed according to exercise levels.
They did this by taking blood samples from participants to get a sense of how fast the cells in their bodies were ageing.
Biological age – the age of our cells – measures how well your body functions and how much wear and tear it’s experienced.
It may be a better indicator than chronological age of how long we’ll will live and be in good health for.
Prof Sillanpää said: “We found that the association between leisure-time physical activity and biological aging was U-shaped.
“Biological ageing was accelerated in those who exercised the least and the most.”
Highly active people were on average, 1.2 years biologically older than the moderately active group and 1.6 years biologically older than the active group.
What counts as moderate exercise?
Moderate activity will raise your heart rate, and make you breathe faster and feel warmer.
One way to tell if you’re working at a moderate intensity level is if you can still talk, but not sing.
Examples of moderate intensity activities include:
- Brisk walking
- Water aerobics
- Riding a bike
- Dancing
- Doubles tennis
- Pushing a lawn mower
- Hiking
- Rollerblading
The NHS recommends that adults between 19 and 64 should aim to:
- Do at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity activity a week or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity a week
- Spread exercise evenly over four to five days a week, or every day
- Reduce time spent sitting or lying down and break up long periods of not moving with some activity
- Do strengthening activities that work all the major muscle groups (legs, hips, back, abdomen, chest, shoulders and arms) on at least two days a week
Examples of vigorous activities include:
- Running
- Swimming
- Riding a bike fast or on hills
- Walking up the stairs
- Sports, like football, rugby, netball and hockey
- Skipping
- Aerobics
- Gymnastics
- Martial arts
Source: NHS
Fitness
The bridge variation women over 40 need to build deep core strength – without a single crunch
Building a stronger core is important at any age, but particularly once you wave goodbye to your 30s. Research shows muscle mass decreases approximately 3-8% per decade after this age, with the rate of loss increasing further after 60, and because having a strong core is so important to overall mobility, it’s an area of the body you don’t want to neglect.
Luckily, strength and fat loss coach Silvana Catalano has shared the ab exercise she credits with helping her build a stronger core after 40.
‘I stopped doing crunches and started doing this foam roller bridge variation instead,’ she said. ‘[It works] better than any crunch.’
Explaining why she moved away from the traditional ab exercise, Catalano said that ‘crunches flex [bend] your spine repeatedly under load’.
‘After 40, this can cause neck strain, back pain and only targets your surface muscles — not your deep core muscles,’ she added.
How to do the foam roller single-leg bridge with leg extension
- Lie on your back with both heels on a foam roller, knees bent, and arms by your sides.
- Press through your heels to lift your hips into a bridge, creating a straight line from your shoulders to your knees.
- Keeping your hips elevated and level, extend one leg straight up toward the ceiling.
- Hold briefly, maintaining control and avoiding any hip drop or rotation.
- Lower the extended leg back to the starting position with control.
- Repeat on the opposite side while keeping your hips elevated throughout.
Perform 3 sets of 10-12 reps each side.
You can progressively overload the exercise every week, or increase the difficulty, in a few ways, including:
- Adding extra sets or reps
- Holding the bridge position for longer
- Adding weight by placing a dumbbell or weight plate across your hips or a resistance band around your thighs
Why it works
‘The foam roller is the game changer,’ says Catalano. ‘It creates instability that forces your deep core to work overtime to stabilise your entire body.’
Your transverse abdominis — the deep core muscle that wraps around your waist like a corset — fires throughout the entire movement.
She added that this is the muscle which can help to make your stomach appear flatter.
‘Not your surface abs or your rectus abdominis [your ‘six pack’ muscles] but the deep muscles underneath’,’ she concluded.
Combining the foam roller bridge with the single leg extension engages your glutes, hamstrings, core and hip flexors simultaneously, improving lower-body strength and control.
One of our most frequently asked questions here at Women’s Health? How to build muscle and burn fat at the same time. So, we asked superstar trainer Oyinda Okunowo exactly how to do it. In this 4-week plan – created exclusively for Women’s Health COLLECTIVE members – you’ll get the workouts and nutrition guidance needed to help you on your way to better body composition. Tap the link below to unlock 14 days of free access to Oyinda’s plan and start training today.
Get the plan
Fitness
Strength training over decades linked to longer life – Harvard Health
We’ve long known that aerobic exercise might help us live longer, and now strength training is being credited with the same effect. People who do up to two hours of strength training each week, over several decades, may reduce their risk of dying earlier from several serious conditions, including heart disease and neurological diseases, according to a Harvard-led study published June 12, 2026, in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
Researchers analyzed three major studies involving 147,374 adults (79% women) who were middle-aged or older at the study’s start and tracked for up to 30 years. Participants reported how frequently and vigorously they exercised, including resistance training (which can include weight lifting and body-weight movements) and aerobic activity (such as brisk walking, cycling, and running). Deaths from all causes were also recorded.
Participants who logged between 90 and 119 minutes of resistance training each week were 13% less likely to die during the study period from any cause compared with those who did no strength training. They also had a 19% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease and a 27% lower risk of dying from neurological diseases such as dementia. Aerobic exercise remained a strong, independent predictor of living longer, but the greatest benefit was observed when resistance training was combined with it. Participants who regularly did both had up to a 45% lower risk of dying during the study period than those who did little aerobic activity and no resistance training.
If you don’t already engage in strength training, it may be wise to start. Begin with body-weight exercises such as squats, push-ups, or step-ups on a low stair. Add resistance bands or light dumbbells to increase the benefits. Consider enlisting the guidance of a physical therapist or personal trainer, and aim for consistency over time.
Image: © The Good Brigade/Getty Images
Fitness
‘This works’: Fitness icon Suzy Jalowsky, 60, shares the simple exercise formula she swears by
It’s easy to overcomplicate your fitness routine, especially when you’re being bombarded by information on social media about how to optimise every aspect of your workouts. But improving your fitness and building strength doesn’t have to be complicated – as a new reel from fitness icon Suzi Jalowsky shows.
The 60-year-old shared how just 30 minutes of walking daily paired with three simple strength workouts can help women over 40 ‘look better, feel better and stay strong’ as they age.
‘This works,’ she wrote in the caption. ‘Consistency with the basics will take you where you want to be. We often look for complicated solutions, but the basics are what truly change your body.’
Suzi Jalowsky’s strength routine
To add to the simplicity of the workout, Jalowsky uses just two 12lb (roughly 5kg) dumbbells throughout – so you don’t need to spend hundreds of pounds on expensive equipment to get started.
The workout
How to do the moves
- Stand with your feet hip-width apart and a slight bend in your knees.
- Hinge at your hips until your chest is almost parallel to the floor, keeping your back flat and your shoulders down.
- Hold a dumbbell in each hand with your palms facing each other and your arms hanging below your shoulders.
- With a slight bend in your elbows, raise the weights out to shoulder height, squeezing your upper back and shoulder blades together.
- Lower the dumbbells back to the starting position with control.
- Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart, holding a dumbbell in each hand.
- Bend over while bracing your core and keeping your back straight and chin tucked.
- Draw the dumbbells towards your waist, keeping the elbow tucked into your side.
- To complete the rep, extend the arms back to the starting position.
- Stand with your feet hip-width apart, hands on your hips.
- Take a big step back with your right leg, crossing it behind your left. Bend your knees and lower your hips until your left thigh is nearly parallel to the floor. Keep your torso upright and your hips and shoulders as square as possible to the wall in front of you.
- Return to start. Then repeat on the other side.
- Start with a dumbbell in each hand, arms down and palms facing your body.
- Rotate each hand so your palms face forwards. Keeping a slight bend in the knees, activate your glutes.
- Engaging your core to avoid any sway in the hips, bend your arms, lifting one of weights to chest height in a slow, controlled movement.
- Keep your shoulders relaxed and down, and keep your head, neck and spine neutral. Don’t arch your back.
- In another slow, controlled movement, lower the weight back down to your thighs by straightening your arms while raising the other one to your chest. Repeat.
- Stand with your knees bent and lean forward slightly, with a dumbbell in each hand.
- Keeping your back straight, bend your dumbell-holding arm 90 degrees at the elbow so your triceps are aligned with your back and your biceps are perpendicular to the floor.
- Engage your core and your triceps and hinge at the elbow, lifting the dumbbell up and back as you try and straighten your arm. Your triceps should stay still; only your elbow moves.
- Guide the weight upward until your arm is straight, pause, then lower back down slightly to begin your pulses.
- Stand with your feet slightly wider than shoulder width apart, evenly distribute your weight, and turn your toes out to 10 and 2 o’clock. Hold a dumbbell in each hand.
- Keep your core tight and chest tall as you inhale, bend your knees, and sink your hips down until your thighs are parallel to the floor.
- Exhale as you drive through your feet back to an upright standing position.
Upright row
- Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart, holding the dumbbells with straight arms in front of your legs. Your palms should face your body.
- Engage your abs. Keep your chest up and eyes forward.
- Lift the dumbbells up to mid-chest height or just below your chin. Keep your dumbbells close to your body by raising your elbows up and out to the sides.
- Pause at the top, then lower with control to the beginning.
Serve the platter
- Stand with your feet hip-width apart, holding a dumbbell in each hand.
- Bend your elbows to 90 degrees, tucking them tightly against your waist with your palms facing upwards.
- Slowly extend your arms out in front, raising them to shoulder height.
- Pull your elbows pack to the starting position.
- Start with your feet together, holding a dumbbell in both hands at your sides. Shift your weight to your left leg, with your knee slightly bent.
- Hinge at your hips to bring your chest down while raising your right leg behind you until your body is in a line from your head to your right foot.
- Reverse back to the starting position and repeat, then switch sides.
Star jump with squat
- Start by standing with your feet shoulder-width apart and a single dumbbell held with both your hands in front of your chest.
- In one movement, jump your feet out to the side and press the dumbbell over your head.
- Jump your feet back in, bring the dumbbell back to your chest and lower into a squat. Continue by jumping your feet out to the side again and repeating the movement.
One of our most frequently asked questions here at Women’s Health? How to build muscle and burn fat at the same time. So, we asked superstar trainer Oyinda Okunowo exactly how to do it. In this 4-week plan – created exclusively for Women’s Health COLLECTIVE members – you’ll get the workouts and nutrition guidance needed to help you on your way to better body composition. Tap the link below to unlock 14 days of free access to Oyinda’s plan and start training today.
Get the plan
Lauren Geall is deputy site editor for Women’s Health UK and Men’s Health UK. She graduated from Exeter University with a BA in English Literature before studying an MA in Magazine Journalism at City, University London. She’s been writing about health, fitness and wellbeing for over five years, with a total of seven years in digital journalism. Prior to her current role, she worked at Stylist as the acting health and fitness editor. As well as being a keen runner, Lauren is passionate about women’s sport and can often be found cheering on Arsenal Women at the Emirates or keeping tabs on the Red Roses’ latest win.
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