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Doctors Reveal Whether You Really Need To Exercise To Lose Weight

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Doctors Reveal Whether You Really Need To Exercise To Lose Weight

It’s been a hotly debated topic for years: Is focusing on your diet or your workout regimen better when you’re trying to lose weight? While research over time has generally found that dietary changes will have a larger impact on your weight than exercise alone, health experts still stress the importance of exercise in a holistic weight loss program—and here’s why.

On its own, “exercise is not a very effective tool for weight loss,” says Alexandra Sowa, MD, an internal medicine doctor specializing in preventative health, nutrition, and obesity medicine and the author of the forthcoming book The Ozempic Revolution. “But exercise is still important for cardiovascular health, overall longevity, and cognitive health.”

To simplify things, Mir Ali, MD, the medical director of MemorialCare Surgical Weight Loss Center at Orange Coast Medical Center in Fountain Valley, California, says to consider this comparison: A 155-pound adult will burn about 200 calories doing a 30-minute low-impact aerobics class. A tall Starbucks mocha is nearly 300 calories. Based on the math alone, you’d have more impact on your weight loss efforts—and save more time—by simply skipping the mocha.

Research has had similar conclusions. One scientific review concluded that doing consistent moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, like walking for 30 minutes a day, five days a week, likely won’t lead to any significant weight loss in most people without dietary changes. Another older scientific analysis of six studies in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics found that people who focused on diet and exercise to lose weight didn’t end up dropping more pounds in a six-month period than people who solely altered their diet.

Exercise isn’t completely meaningless when it comes to weight loss, though.

In fact, some data suggest that a combination of dietary changes and exercise is superior to help you drop pounds. “The majority of weight loss involves diet, but exercise plays a role,” says Dr. Ali. “It can help support weight loss, and maintain your metabolism.” But if you don’t tweak your diet first and foremost, you likely won’t see notable results, he notes.

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Also, exercise may make more of a difference in your waistline over the long term. That same study in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that found exercisers and dieters lost similar amounts of weight after six months did determine that people who focused on combining diet and physical activity lost more weight over a year than interventions based on diet or physical activity alone.

“Exercise is still important for cardiovascular health, overall longevity, and cognitive health.”

Working out beyond what’s recommended may have an impact, too. One study found that people who burned at least 400 to 500 calories a workout, five or more days a week, experienced weight loss without nutrition interventions. That’s why you may notice that you slim down if you’re, say, training for a half marathon or distance bike race.

Exercise can also help prevent weight gain and support weight maintenance once you reach your goal weight, Dr. Sowa says. That’s why she suggests that her patients “get into the habit of exercise to maintain weight loss and improve long-term health.”

Meet the experts: Mir Ali, MD, is the medical director of MemorialCare Surgical Weight Loss Center at Orange Coast Medical Center in Fountain Valley, California. Michael Snyder, MD, is the director of the Denver Center for Weight Loss and Bariatric Surgery Foundation and a medical advisory team member at FuturHealth. Alexandra Sowa, MD, is an internal medicine doctor specializing in preventative health, nutrition, and obesity medicine and the author of the forthcoming book The Ozempic Revolution.

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Whether strength training is more impactful for weight loss than cardio is still up for debate.

Strength training is generally seen as a wise move because it helps to build muscle mass. The more muscle you have, the harder your body works at rest to burn calories, Dr. Ali explains. It’s also important to focus on increasing muscle mass as you lose weight because your body tends to lose lean muscle mass along with fat. Not only can that mess with your overall strength, it can also lower your metabolism, so you end up not burning as many calories at rest as you did in the past, Dr. Ali adds.

Of course, exercise of any sort still burns calories, and that shouldn’t be minimized. “But exercise can also increase feelings of hunger,” Dr. Ali notes. So, if you’re not being mindful of your diet while working out, you may end up taking in the same amount of calories that you burned during your workout or even more.

When paired with nutrition changes, a workout regimen that prioritizes resistance training and includes some aerobic activity is the sweet spot for weight loss.

Something else to consider: Doctors who prescribe weight loss medications usually recommend that you don’t go overboard with cardio when you’re taking something like Ozempic. Among other things, the medications tend to lower your blood sugar and exercise has a similar impact. Having blood sugar that’s too low raises your risk of uncomfortable symptoms like a rapid heartbeat, shaking, and feeling weak. “If you overdo it with aerobic exercise, it can lower your sugar further,” Dr. Ali says. “However, the point of excessiveness is different for each person.” Meaning, some cardio is probably fine. But training for a marathon while taking Ozempic may be something to discuss and plan for with your physician.

One 2022 scientific review published in the journal Obesity Reviews found that a mix of resistance training and calorie restriction was the most effective at reducing body fat compared to these interventions on their own. However, the researchers also found that a combination of resistance training and aerobic exercise also lead to “significant results.” Worth noting: Resistance training alone was also the most effective for increasing lean mass.

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A 2021 analysis of 12 reviews and 149 studies also found that aerobic exercise and HIIT workouts were effective at weight management, while resistance training helped lower the odds of lean muscle mass loss while people lost weight. “These findings show favorable effects of exercise training on weight loss and body composition changes in adults with overweight or obesity,” the researchers concluded.

How To Lose Weight Effectively—Beyond Your Exercise Routine

Doctors recommend these tips whether you’re losing weight with or without medical intervention (say, with the help of a weight loss medication). Experimenting with all of the tips below can help you achieve noticeable and lasting weight loss results—and complement a workout plan too.

1. Prioritize protein.

Everyone should be eating protein, but Dr. Sowa says it’s “very, very important” when you’re on a weight loss journey. “It’s satiating and fills you up,” she says. Protein also helps to prevent muscle loss as you lose weight—a common issue—and to improve your muscle mass, she says.

Everyone’s protein needs are slightly different, but the bare minimum recommendation is 0.35 grams of protein per pound of body weight every day if you’re not active, according to The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. But many doctors say you’ll likely need more, especially if you’re active and strength training. That can put you more at something like 0.73 to 1 grams of protein per pound of body weight (or about 30 to 35 grams of protein per meal), per the National Academy of Sports Medicine.

2. Ramp up your fiber intake.

Fiber has a lot going for it. “Fiber slows digestion, keeps you feeling full, and helps regulate blood sugar levels,” says Michael Snyder, MD, director of the Denver Center for Weight Loss and Bariatric Surgery Foundation and medical advisory team member at FuturHealth. That translates to you feeling fuller, longer after meals and makes it less likely you’ll overeat.

The U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that adult women have 22 to 28 grams of fiber a day, but most Americans aren’t getting that. Consider incorporating fiber-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes into your diet. (Just ramp up your fiber intake slowly, or you’ll end up dealing with uncomfortable bloating and gas.)

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3. Get plenty of quality sleep.

Sleep hasn’t been a huge focus with weight loss in the past, but doctors swear it’s a crucial element. When you don’t get enough sleep, your body craves more energy—and that can cause you to reach for more food, Dr. Sowa says.

Dr. Snyder agrees: “Poor sleep disrupts hunger hormones, leading to overeating.”

Everyone’s sleep needs are slightly different, but it’s generally recommended that adults get seven hours of sleep or more a night.

4. Cut out sugary beverages.

Sugary drinks like sodas and sweet teas are packed with simple carbohydrates and add empty calories to your day, Dr. Ali says. If sugary drinks are a regular part of your life, “your body will use those simple carbohydrates as a fuel source rather than burning fat for fuel,” Dr. Ali explains.

These drinks can also mess with your blood sugar, which can cause you to have energy crashes, making you more prone to overeating, Dr. Snyder says.

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5. Practice mindful eating habits.

It’s practically inevitable that you’ll have to eat in front of your computer at some point or that you’ll want to be entertained during dinner. But doing your best to focus on the food in front of you vs. your Instagram feed, and how your body feels while you’re eating can go a long way toward keeping you from overeating, Dr. Ali says.

Among other things, research has shown that mindful eating can help lower the risk of emotional eating. “If you’re more aware about what you’re taking in, you’re more likely to eat better,” Dr. Ali says.

6. Stay well hydrated.

Don’t sleep on the power of hydration. “Not getting enough fluids will make you feel more tired and rundown,” Dr. Ali says. Having enough fluids can also help you to feel fuller, longer and lower the odds you’ll overeat, he says.

Doctors generally recommend that you aim to have your pee be a pale yellow color—that indicates that you’re well hydrated. But if you want a more definitive guide, the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine recommends that women aim to have 11.5 cups (2.7 liters) of fluids a day from foods and drinks.

7. Make your stress management plan as foolproof as possible.

Some stress is inevitable in life, but being chronically frazzled isn’t great for your weight loss efforts. “Chronic stress increases stress hormone levels, which can lead to weight gain and dietary de-regulation,” Dr. Snyder says.

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Research shows that stress ramps up the levels of the hunger hormone ghrelin in your body, stimulating your appetite and encouraging you to eat more than you might have if you were feeling more zen.

8. Add in plenty of vegetables at every meal.

Vegetables usually contain plenty of fiber, which is useful for weight loss, as mentioned. But Dr. Sowa notes that they’re also a great way to fill up while getting in plenty of nutrients. “Vegetables are a wonderful low-calorie, high-density food,” she says.

They can also help crowd out less healthy foods from your plate, Dr. Ali says. He just suggests focusing on high-fiber, lower starch vegetables for weight loss.

9. Swap out refined grains for whole grains.

Quick primer: Refined grains have a lot of nutrients removed and include things like white pasta and white bread. Whole grains have plenty of nutrients and include things like whole wheat, oats, and quinoa.

“Whole grains have more fiber, have a lower effect on blood sugar, are more nutrient-dense, and give longer appetite satisfaction and sustained fullness,” Dr. Snyder says.

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Again, doctors stress the importance of continuing to exercise when you’re on a weight loss journey. “You still want to be active,” Dr. Ali says. “You want to at least maintain the activity that you’re already doing, and ideally increase it.”

Korin Miller is a freelance writer specializing in general wellness, sexual health and relationships, and lifestyle trends, with work appearing in Men’s Health, Women’s Health, Self, Glamour, and more. She has a master’s degree from American University, lives by the beach, and hopes to own a teacup pig and taco truck one day.

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Fitness trainer with 18 years of experience shares why exercise is crucial for kids: ‘Not just about health and fitness’

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Fitness trainer with 18 years of experience shares why exercise is crucial for kids: ‘Not just about health and fitness’

Exercise is often spoken about in the context of physical fitness – stronger muscles, better stamina and improved overall health. But its value, especially for children, extends far beyond the body. Regular physical activity can quietly shape character, teaching lessons about effort, patience, discipline and resilience that mirror how the real world works. From learning to cope with discomfort to understanding that progress takes time, exercise can become a powerful training ground for life itself.

Exercise is important for kids. (Image generated via Google Gemini)

Also Read | Chennai fitness trainer with 18 years of experience shares 5 simple things to focus on for long-term fitness

Chennai-based fitness trainer with 18 years of experience, Raj Ganpath – founder of the Slow Burn Method, co-founder and head coach at Quad Fitness, and author of Simple, Not Easy – is shedding light on why exercise is important for kids, with the benefits going beyond health and fitness. In an Instagram video shared on February 27, he explains how the impact of exercise extends far beyond physical wellness, shaping resilience, discipline and long-term character development.

Embracing discomfort

According to Raj, exercise is one of the healthiest ways to help children learn how to sit with discomfort in a safe, structured and sustainable way. Life inevitably brings challenges and unease – something adults understand well – but many children today are shielded from situations that test their resilience.

He explains, “Exercise is a great way to experience this discomfort in a safe and sustainable manner. Lifting weights, holding a plank, doing cardio, repping till it burns, all of these things are opportunities to embrace discomfort, opportunities to put themselves in a place where they’re not comfortable and learn from it, opportunities to practice physical and mental resilience.

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Learning hardship

The fitness trainer emphasises that hardship is an inevitable part of life, and meaningful success often requires pushing through moments of difficulty. While most adults recognise this truth through lived experience, children may not always have the same exposure to challenge. Raj believes exercise can bridge that gap.

He elaborates, “It will teach them that they need to do hard things if they want to accomplish something. Getting through a very hard workout, setting a goal and achieving it, completing a task. All of these things are not just random chores. These are incredible opportunities – opportunities to experience hardship and build fortitude.”

Delayed gratification

In today’s fast-paced world, the desire for instant gratification is stronger than ever – and children are growing up at the centre of it. With technology, streaming platforms and 10-minute delivery services, almost everything is available at the tap of a screen. As a result, the ability to wait, persist and work steadily towards a long-term goal can easily take a back seat. Exercise, notes Raj, offers a powerful counterbalance.

He explains, “Everyone wants everything right away today. This is true for us adults too, but it is even more true for our kids because this is the only world they know. A world where everything happens right then and right there, whenever they want it, wherever they want it. Exercise will teach them to wait, to be patient, to trust the process, to fail and still keep going, to work towards something larger that they will get much later. This is a very important character building quality and will serve them well for many, many years to come.”

The fitness trainer concludes, “Exercise is not just about health and fitness. It is a simulation of life itself. A ready-made character building tool available to you to help prepare your kids for life, the raw and real life that they’re going to have to deal with no matter what. So make sure they build the habit and make sure they embrace it.”

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Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. It is based on user-generated content from social media. HT.com has not independently verified the claims and does not endorse them.

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What Are “Movement Snacks”? How To Try This Trending Fitness Hack

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What Are “Movement Snacks”? How To Try This Trending Fitness Hack

The World Health Organization says the average adult is supposed to get 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity five days a week, which sounds somewhat doable until it’s 9 p.m., your kids are finally in bed, and you just want to fall onto the couch and dissociate. But more and more people online are talking about “movement snacks” — little bite-sized amounts of exercise you can do throughout your day to meet your 60-minute goal without having to make special time for one big workout. Because yes, we all want to be our healthiest, but sometimes a HIIT class at the gym is just not in the schedule.

We asked personal trainers and fitness coaches for their favorite movement snacks you can do in the office, around the house, and on busy weekends when everyone’s home.

How much exercise is a person really supposed to get?

While the WHO recommends 60 minutes a day, the CDC is a little more lax, recommending at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity a week, or about 30 minutes a day, five days a week. While it may feel like you’re the only one struggling to fit a workout into your daily routine, you’re far from alone. In fact, it’s always been hard for most Americans. So, while movement snacks may be a cute new term we’re all hearing for the first time, fitness pros have been promoting bite-sized exercise forever.

“I work with busy professionals, so I’ve been integrating micro workouts of two to 10 minutes into my clients’ lifestyles for almost 20 years,” says Andrea Marcellus, certified personal trainer and CEO of AND/life.

The most important thing for your health isn’t getting all your daily movement done in one big, perfectly curated workout — it’s about being consistent, Marcellus says. Movement snacks can help you stay consistent because you don’t have to budget a big chunk of time; instead, you can fit something simple into your day when you have three minutes to spare. Hell, you don’t even have to change clothes or go anywhere.

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“Most people think movement only counts if it’s a workout. That mindset is what keeps people sedentary. In reality, your body doesn’t care if steps come from a hike, a gym session, or pacing when you’re on a call,” says Lindy Royer, physical therapist and balanced body educator. “This is where you win the game — by stacking movement into things you’re already doing.”

Movement Snacks To Try Throughout Your Day

  • Set an alarm on your phone to chime every hour — that’s what women’s fitness coach Allison Kalsched tells her clients. When it goes off, stand up and do 10 bodyweight squats. Then go back to work. When you get tired of squats, mix in walking lunges, push-ups (it’s fine if they’re modified!), or dead bugs. Throw on 30 seconds of jumping jacks or high knees for bone-building benefits, which is important for women in menopause, she adds.
  • Take a micro walk. “Five minutes or 500 steps is my absolute favorite,” says Dr. Milica McDowell, doctor of physical therapy, author of the forthcoming book Walk, and exercise physiologist at US Physical Therapy. “It changes mood, lowers blood pressure, boosts mental clarity, and can help you get your cumulative steps in.”
  • Dance to your new favorite song with your kids or all by yourself. “Dance party was big with my kids after dinner,” Marcellus says. “It takes four to 10 mins and helps kids burn off dinner energy, while also giving parents a metabolic boost.”
  • Stop and do 60 reps of any full-body exercise, like squats, lunges, or jumping jacks — this usually takes about two minutes, no matter which one you choose, Marcellus says. Or, hold a plank for one to two minutes.
  • Pair walking with habits that already exist to get your steps in, like marching in place while brushing your teeth or doing a lap inside the house while your food is in the microwave. “This means you’re not adding time — you are upgrading your time,” says Royer.
  • Count your housework. Sweeping, mopping, vacuuming, general domestic labor — these things totally contribute to your total exercise time each day, says Royer.
  • If you go up or down the stairs at home, just… do it two or three times. That little extra here and there adds up, according to Royer.

The best advice is to focus not on “how can I move right now?” but “how can I do something that isn’t sitting right now?” Royer says. “The real truth that most people ignore is that sedentary time is the real enemy, not a lack of workouts. Focus on breaking up your sitting time. Build in frequent movement snacks. You’re not looking for perfection, just something more than nothing. You don’t need more time; you actually just need more conscious efforts to move.”

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At 66, Judy Murray swapped skipping for rebounding – here’s why it’s so effective for midlife women

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At 66, Judy Murray swapped skipping for rebounding – here’s why it’s so effective for midlife women

A household name synonymous with tennis, Judy Murray has branched out in recent years when it comes to fitness. While the coach and former player still frequents the court – it’s integral to her day job, after all – she has incorporated several other activities into her routine, including one you might be unfamiliar with: rebounding.

Rebounding

In an interview with The Times, Judy explained that while skipping had been part of her tennis routine for years, she’d decided to replace it with rebounding – jumping on a trampoline – due to the impact skipping started to have on her joints and legs. And she’s onto something – a NASA study found rebounding to be up to 68% more effective at working the muscles and joints than treadmill running – something scientists call mechanical loading, which is crucial for bone, muscle and tendon health.

It doesn’t have to be expensive, either. Judy told The Times that she had bought a mini trampoline for £24.99 and that she used it in one-minute bursts.

‘Rebounding can be a smart swap for women in midlife, particularly if high-impact skipping or plyometric training has started to feel unforgiving on the joints,’ says personal trainer Michael Baah. ‘As oestrogen declines during perimenopause and menopause, we typically see reductions in bone mineral density, muscle mass and tendon elasticity,’ he explains. ‘High-impact ground reaction forces from traditional skipping can be effective for bone health, but they also place substantial load through the knees, hips and Achilles.’ Rebounding, on the other hand, ‘absorbs some of the ground reaction force, reducing peak stress through the joints, while still stimulating muscle activation in the calves, glutes and core.’

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It shouldn’t replace strength training, adds Baah, which ‘remains the most effective intervention for combatting age-related sarcopenia and maintaining metabolic health,’ but it’s an incredibly valuable conditioning tool ‘for women who want to protect their joints while maintaining cardiovascular fitness.’

Below, we also look at the other workouts Judy has turned to in recent years to stay strong and active while protecting her joints – and why you should try them, too.

She swims

‘As I get older I have found a lot of things I enjoyed doing really impact my knees and hips, but a lot of things I can do in water…I also realise I have five grandchildren now. I want to be able to run after them and pick them up and put them down with relative ease,’ Judy told The Times. ‘I have a whole routine I do in the swimming pool and there is no impact in the water. It is a better way to do some of the things I used to do.’

Indeed, not only does swimming protect your joints, but it’s also effective for cardio fitness. ‘The biggest advantage of swimming is that it is low impact. The buoyancy of water significantly reduces joint loading, making it an excellent option for people with joint pain or who have a lower tolerance to impact,’ personal trainer and nutritionist Georgia Garlick previously told WH. ‘It is a true full-body exercise, involving the upper body, trunk, hips and legs simultaneously.’ On average, she added that moderate swimming burns 500-700 kcal per hour – typically more than moderate cycling.

She has started playing golf

Judy has also discussed how participating in Strictly Come Dancing back in 2014 instilled in her a desire to continue challenging herself and trying new things – no matter her age. In that vein, ahead of her 65th birthday, she told HELLO!, that she had taken up golf. ‘I’m addicted to it, it is so incredibly relaxing,’ she said. ‘It gets me out in the fresh air and away from my phone and because it’s not as physically demanding as running around a tennis court, it suits me now that my arms aren’t as strong as they once were.

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‘As we get older it’s so important to keep trying to find things that stimulate you, make you think and keep you socially connected – and golf ticks all of those boxes.’

A review published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine linked golf to an increased life expectancy, reduced risk of chronic disease and improved mental health.

She plays pickleball

While padel has become hugely popular, it seems that its sibling pickleball – which combines tennis, badminton and table tennis – is more up Judy’s street. After trying the sport herself, she’s since campaigned to get more people involved. ‘It’s just fun and engaging, and it’s incredibly inclusive. And for Scotland, it’s a perfect fit for us. We have terrible weather, we have badminton courts everywhere – in every community centre and sports centre. Even church halls have badminton courts,’ she told The National. ‘In terms of setting up quickly, wherever you are, I think it’s a perfect fit for getting more people more active.’

Judy added that she sees it as a perfect transition from tennis to something that will let her play a similar game for longer.

She stretches regularly

The final touch to Judy’s fitness routine? A dedicated stretching routine. ‘Since I turned 60, I’ve realised how important it is to stretch to stay mobile and flexible if I want to stay active with my grandchildren,’ she told HELLO!.

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While we don’t know the specifics of Judy’s stretching routine, even dedicating just a few minutes daily to mobility can supercharge longevity.

There is an ideal routine based on science, though. According to a panel of experts convened by the American College of Sports Medicine, who reviewed a range of studies, you should:

  • Do flexibility exercises (stretches, yoga or tai chi) for all major muscle-tendon groups – neck, shoulders, chest, trunk, lower back, hips, legs and ankles – minimum two to three times per week.
  • Spend 60 seconds on each exercise. If you can hold a specific stretch for 15 seconds, try repeating it three more times and if you can hold it for 20 seconds, two more repetitions would be ideal.

As Judy regularly says, though, it’s about finding forms of exercise that you enjoy, as you’ll be far more likely to find the time – even if it’s for five minutes – to get stuck in.

Hannah Bradfield is a Senior Health and Fitness Writer for Women’s Health UK. An NCTJ-accredited journalist, Hannah graduated from Loughborough University with a BA in English and Sport Science and an MA in Media and Cultural Analysis.  She has been covering sports, health and fitness for the last five years and has created content for outlets including BBC Sport, BBC Sounds, Runner’s World and Stylist. She especially enjoys interviewing those working within the community to improve access to sport, exercise and wellness. Hannah is a 2024 John Schofield Trust Fellow and was also named a 2022 Rising Star in Journalism by The Printing Charity.  A keen runner, Hannah was firmly a sprinter growing up (also dabbling in long jump) but has since transitioned to longer-distance running. While 10K is her favoured race distance, she loves running or volunteering at parkrun every Saturday, followed, of course, by pastries. She’s always looking for fun new runs and races to do and brunch spots to try.

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