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A Mural Lionizing an Indian Ruler Is Up for Auction. His Legacy is Contested.

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A Mural Lionizing an Indian Ruler Is Up for Auction. His Legacy is Contested.

The mural exhibits Indian calvary troops advancing from each side on a cornered British military, weapons blazing. In a single a part of the 18th-century battlefield, the victorious commander sits on an elephant holding a crimson rose.

To a number one British historian of India, the roughly 32-foot-long masterpiece, which works on sale at public sale in London on Wednesday, is a creative triumph and a potent image of Indian resistance to British imperialism.

“It’s arguably the best Indian image of the defeat of colonialism that survives,” the scholar, William Dalrymple, informed Sotheby’s, the public sale home overseeing the sale. “It’s a novel and incredible art work.”

However in trendy India, the commander’s legacy is sophisticated. Politicians from India’s governing political celebration, which has more and more embraced Hindu nationalist rhetoric below Prime Minister Narendra Modi, have spent years downplaying his achievements. The commander, Tipu Sultan, was a Muslim; they are saying he’s chargeable for the deaths of Hindus.

The mural consists of 10 giant sheets mounted on canvas and is believed to have been made within the early nineteenth century. It depicts the Battle of Pollilur in 1780, a part of the Anglo-Mysore Wars that occurred in southern India round then. It celebrates not solely Tipu Sultan, who was about 30 on the time, but in addition his father, Haidar Ali, then the ruler of Mysore State.

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Mysore was among the many strongest states to emerge when the Mughal Empire collapsed within the 18th century after dominating the Indian subcontinent for about 200 years.

Throughout the a long time that Haidar Ali and later Tipu Sultan dominated Mysore State, reviews of their assaults on British buying and selling settlements have been carried in British newspapers, “embellished by distance as they have been carried dwelling by sea,” in accordance with a 2016 biography of Tipu Sultan by the historian Kate Brittlebank.

By the point he died by the hands of British troops in 1799, Ms. Brittlebank wrote in her e book, Tipu Sultan was “presumably probably the most well-known Indian, if not villain, in the UK.” His nickname was the “Tiger of Mysore.”

Mr. Dalrymple stated the Battle of Pollilur was the primary defeat of a European military in India and “practically ended” British colonial rule there.

“Tipu Sultan was in all probability the simplest opponent that the East India Firm ever confronted,” stated Mr. Dalrymple, the creator of a 2019 e book on the corporate, which was based in 1599 to run British commerce in Asia and ultimately developed into a big military with a buying and selling division.

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“Tipu confirmed that the Indians may battle again,” he added. “That they may win. That they may use European ways in opposition to the Europeans and defeat them.”

Throughout the Twentieth-century motion for independence in India, he was celebrated as a prototype of a nationalist “freedom fighter,” in accordance with a 2015 essay on his legacy by Akhilesh Pillalamarri in The Diplomat, a present affairs journal.

Right now, grand buildings related to Tipu Sultan, together with a mosque, dot the panorama in and round Mysore. The Karnataka State authorities promotes the buildings as vacationer sights.

On the identical time, officers from Mr. Modi’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Occasion are attempting to downplay Tipu Sultan’s legacy throughout India. They objected to a 2015 plan to have a good time his birthday and a more moderen one to erect a statue of him within the southern state of Andhra Pradesh, amongst different tasks.

The B.J.P.-led state authorities in Karnataka State has convened a particular committee to overview whether or not different Muslim leaders have been “glorified” in native college textbooks. Officers within the celebration, and their supporters amongst India’s Hindu nationalist proper wing, are inclined to characterize Muslim rulers of the previous as invaders who threatened indigenous Hindu tradition.

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Mr. Modi’s nationalist message has typically pitted Hindus in opposition to Muslims. In current months, requires anti-Muslim violence in India have more and more moved from the fringes to the mainstream, whilst Mr. Modi and prime B.J.P. leaders have remained silent.

In trendy India, Tipu Sultan is controversial largely as a result of he was a Muslim ruler whose topics have been largely Hindus and Jains, Ms. Brittlebank wrote in her e book, “Tiger.” The British colonial authorities as soon as drew consideration to that very same distinction, she added, regardless that it had been widespread for Muslims to control non-Muslims on the Indian subcontinent through the Mughal Empire and for years afterward.

British colonial propaganda portrayed Tipu Sultan as a “one-dimensional fanatic,” however work by trendy students has reconstructed a “very completely different Tipu,” Mr. Dalrymple wrote in an essay for Sotheby’s forward of the public sale.

“What actually anxious the British was much less that Tipu was a Muslim fanatic, one thing unusual and alien, however that he was in reality frighteningly acquainted: a modernizing technocrat who used the weapons of the West in opposition to their very own inventors.”

Sameer Yasir and Emily Schmall contributed reporting.

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Wafa Al-Udaini, Palestinian Journalist, Told Story of Gaza That Was Full of Life

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Wafa Al-Udaini, Palestinian Journalist, Told Story of Gaza That Was Full of Life

Before the answers to life’s questions fit in our pocket, you used to have to turn a dial. If you were lucky, Phil Donahue would be on, ready to guide you toward enlightenment. In a stroke of deluxe good fortune, Dr. Ruth Westheimer might have stopped by to be the enlightenment. He was the search engine. She was a trusted result.

Donahue hailed from Cleveland. The windshield glasses, increasingly snowy thatch of hair, marble eyes, occasional pair of suspenders and obvious geniality said “card catalog,” “manager of the ’79 Reds,” “Stage Manager in a Chevy Motors production of ‘Our Town.’” Dr. Ruth was Donahue’s antonym, a step stool to his straight ladder. She kept her hair in a butterscotch helmet, fancied a uniform of jacket-blouse-skirt and came to our aid, via Germany, with a voice of crinkled tissue paper. Not even eight years separated them, yet so boyish was he and so seasoned was she that he read as her grandson. (She maybe reached his armpit.) Together and apart, they were public servants, American utilities.

Donahue was a journalist. His forum was the talk show, but some new strain in which the main attraction bypassed celebrities. People — every kind of them — lined up to witness other people being human, to experience Donahue’s radical conduit of edification, identification, curiosity, shock, wonder, outrage, surprise and dispute, all visible in the show’s televisual jackpot: cutaways to us, reacting, taking it all in, nodding, gasping. When a celebrity made it to the “Donahue” stage — Bill Clinton, say, La Toya Jackson, the Judds — they were expected to be human, too, to be accountable for their own humanity. From 1967 to 1996, for more than 6,000 episodes, he permitted us to be accountable to ourselves. 

What Donahue knew was that we — women especially — were eager, desperate, to be understood, to learn and learn and learn. We call his job “host” when, really, the way he did it, running that microphone throughout the audience, racing up, down, around, sticking it here then here then over here, was closer to “switchboard operator.” It was “hot dog vendor at Madison Square Garden.” The man got his steps in. He let us do more of the questioning than he did — he would just edit, interpret, clarify. Egalitarianism ruled. Articulation, too. And anybody who needed the mic usually got it.

The show was about both what was on our mind and what had never once crossed it. Atheism. Naziism. Colorism. Childbirth. Prison. Rapists. AIDS. Chippendales, Chernobyl, Cher. Name a fetish, Phil Donahue tried to get to its bottom, sometimes by trying it himself. (Let us never forget the episode when he made his entrance in a long skirt, blouse and pussy bow for one of the show’s many cross-dressing studies.) Now’s the time to add that “Donahue” was a morning talk show. In Philadelphia, he arrived every weekday at 9 a.m., which meant that, in the summers, I could learn about compulsive shopping or shifting gender roles from the same kitchen TV set as my grandmother.

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Sex and sexuality were the show’s prime subjects. There was so much that needed confessing, correction, corroboration, an ear lent. For that, Donahue needed an expert. Many times, the expert was Dr. Ruth, a godsend who didn’t land in this country until she was in her late 20s and didn’t land on television until she was in her 50s. Ruth Westheimer arrived to us from Germany, where she started as Karola Ruth Siegel and strapped in as her life corkscrewed, as it mocked fiction. Her family most likely perished in the Auschwitz death camps after she was whisked to the safety of a Swiss children’s home, where she was expected to clean. The twists include sniper training for one of the military outfits that would become the Israel Defense Forces, maiming by cannonball on her 20th birthday, doing research at a Planned Parenthood in Harlem, single motherhood and three husbands. She earned her doctorate from Columbia University, in education, and spent her postdoc researching human sexuality. And because her timing was perfect, she emerged at the dawn of the 1980s, an affable vector of an era’s craze for gnomic sages (Zelda Rubinstein, Linda Hunt, Yoda), masterpiece branding and the nasty.

Hers was the age of Mapplethorpe and Madonna, of Prince, Skinemax and 2 Live Crew. On her radio and television shows, in a raft of books and a Playgirl column and through her promiscuous approach to talk-show appearances, she aimed to purge sex of shame, to promote sexual literacy. Her feline accent and jolly innuendo pitched, among other stuff, the Honda Prelude, Pepsi, Sling TV and Herbal Essences. (“Hey!” she offers to a young elevator passenger. “This is where we get off.”) The instructions for Dr. Ruth’s Game of Good Sex says it can be played by up to four couples; the board is vulval and includes stops at “Yeast Infection,” “Chauvinism” and “Goose Him.”

On “Donahue,” she is direct, explicit, dispelling, humorous, clear, common-sensical, serious, vivid. A professional therapist. It was Donahue who handled the comedy. On one visit in 1987, a caller needs advice about a husband who cheats because he wants to have sex more often than she does. Dr. Ruth tells Donahue that if the caller wants to keep the marriage, and her husband wants to do it all the time, “then what she should do is to masturbate him. And it’s all right for him to masturbate himself also a few times.” The audience is hear-a-pin-drop rapt or maybe just squirmy. So Donahue reaches into his parochial-school-student war chest and pulls out the joke about the teacher who tells third-grade boys, “Don’t play with yourself, or you’ll go blind.” And Donahue raises his hand like a kid at the back of the classroom and asks, “Can I do it till I need glasses?” Westheimer giggles, maybe noticing the large pair on Donahue’s face. This was that day’s cold open.

They were children of salesmen, these two; his father was in the furniture business, hers sold what people in the garment industry call notions. They inherited a salesman’s facility for people and packaging. When a “Donahue” audience member asks Westheimer whether her own husband believes she practices what she preaches, she says this is why she never brings him anywhere. “He would tell you and Phil: ‘Do not listen to her. It’s all talk,’” which cracks the audience up.

But consider what she talked about — and consider how she said it. My favorite Dr. Ruth word was “pleasure.” From a German mouth, the word conveys what it lacks with an American tongue: sensual unfurling. She vowed to speak about sex to mass audiences using the proper terminology. Damn the euphemisms. People waited as long as a year and a half for tickets to “Donahue” so they could damn them, too. But of everything Westheimer pitched, of all the terms she precisely used, pleasure was her most cogent product, a gift she believed we could give to others, a gift she swore we owed ourselves.

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I miss the talk show that Donahue reinvented. I miss the way Dr. Ruth talked about sex. It’s fitting somehow that this antidogmatic-yet-priestly Irish Catholic man would, on occasion, join forces with a carnal, lucky-to-be-alive Jew to urge the exploration of our bodies while demonstrating respect, civility, reciprocation. They believed in us, that we were all interesting, that we could be trustworthy panelists in the discourse of being alive. Trauma, triviality, tubal ligation: Let’s talk about it! Fear doesn’t seem to have occurred to them. Or if it did, it was never a deterrent. Boldly they went. — And with her encouragement, boldly we came.

Wesley Morris is a critic at large for The New York Times and a staff writer for the magazine.

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Projectile from Yemen strikes near Tel Aviv, injuring more than a dozen: officials

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Projectile from Yemen strikes near Tel Aviv, injuring more than a dozen: officials

A projectile launched into Israel from Yemen overnight into Saturday struck Tel Aviv, resulting in mild injuries to 16 people, according to Israeli officials.

Israel’s military said after sirens sounded in central Israel that the projectile landed in Tel Aviv’s southern Jaffa area following failed attempts to intercept.

“Following the sirens that sounded a short while ago in central Israel, one projectile launched from Yemen was identified and unsuccessful interception attempts were made,” the military said on Telegram.

ISRAELI AIRSTRIKES TARGET YEMEN’S HOUTHI-CONTROLLED CAPITAL OF SANAA, PORT CITY OF HODEIDA

Israeli emergency services work at the scene of a missile strike that, according to Israel’s military, was launched from Yemen and landed in Jaffa, south of Tel Aviv, Israel, December 21, 2024. (Reuters)

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Iranian-backed Houthi rebels have repeatedly launched missile attacks from Yemen against Israel since the war in Gaza began in October of last year, but the incident overnight represents a rare instance in which Israel failed to intercept.

Israel has retaliated by striking multiple targets in areas in Yemen controlled by the Houthis.

HAMAS’ GAZA DEATH TOLL QUESTIONED AS NEW REPORT SAYS ITS LED TO ‘WIDESPREAD INACCURACIES AND DISTORTION’

People gather at the scene of a missile strike

People gather at the scene of a missile strike that, according to Israel’s military, was launched from Yemen and landed in Jaffa, south of Tel Aviv, Israel, December 21, 2024. (Reuters)

“A short time ago, reports were received of a weapon falling in one of the settlements within the Tel Aviv district,” Israeli police said Saturday.

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On Thursday, the Israeli military said it intercepted a missile launched from Yemen, with shrapnel resulting in extensive damage to a school near Tel Aviv.

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Scholz confirms 5 dead at Magdeburg Christmas market attack

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Scholz confirms 5 dead at Magdeburg Christmas market attack

A 50-year-old man was arrested at the scene of the attack in Magdeburg on Friday evening, but as of Saturday, the reason behind his actions remained unclear.

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At least five people, including a toddler, have been killed and dozens injured after a car ploughed into a crowd at a busy outdoor Christmas market in Magdeburg, a city in eastern Germany.

Authorities are describing the incident as a “deliberate attack.”

German Chancellor Olaf Scholz and Federal Interior Minister Nancy Faeser are at the scene of the attack in Magdeburg. Faeser has confirmed that federal police are actively supporting the investigation into the tragedy.

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