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Most Colorado teacher prep programs devote enough time to math, but some lag, report finds

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Most Colorado teacher prep programs devote enough time to math, but some lag, report finds


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With some exceptions, most of Colorado’s undergraduate teacher prep programs spend enough time training future elementary school teachers to teach math, according to a new report.

Just over half of Colorado universities that received ratings in the National Council on Teacher Quality report released Tuesday earned an A or A+ for their undergraduate prep programs. They include the University of Northern Colorado, which is the state’s largest teacher prep program, and the University of Colorado Colorado Springs, which is the state’s third largest program.

The state’s second largest teacher prep program, Metropolitan State University of Denver, earned a C. Adams State University in Alamosa was the only undergraduate prep program in the state to earn an F. Both universities sent identical statements to Chalkbeat — each credited to a different administrator — saying the state is the most legitimate judge of teacher prep program quality.

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The National Council on Teacher Quality, a research and advocacy group, used syllabi and course descriptions to determine its grades. The Colorado Department of Education doesn’t give grades to prep programs, but it does reauthorize them every five years. During that process, department staff visit campuses and review a variety of data. The department has only recently begun taking a harder look at how prep programs cover math.

In contrast to the undergraduate program grades, all but one of Colorado’s graduate teacher prep programs earned a D or F from the council for how they train future elementary teachers in math.

The council’s report comes at a time when both state and national leaders are concerned about K-12 students’ math performance, particularly since schoolchildren haven’t fully rebounded from the pandemic. Colorado fourth graders made significant gains in math on recent National Assessment of Educational Progress tests, hitting 42% proficiency, compared with 36% in 2022. Still, they’re still below the 44% proficiency rate fourth graders achieved in 2019.

For two years, Colorado has paid for schools to use an online math tutoring program called Zearn, which may have contributed modestly to math gains, a recent study found. State officials are also taking a closer look at how teacher prep programs approach math education — though not to the level they’ve scrutinized teacher prep programs’ approach to reading instruction.

Starting in spring 2023, the Colorado Department of Education began meeting with math faculty during campus visits in advance of teacher prep program reauthorization. In December, department officials began reviewing how teacher prep math classes align with state math standards. The results will be shared privately with universities this summer, a department spokesperson said.

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The new ratings of more than 1,100 teacher prep programs nationwide from the National Council on Teacher Quality are based on whether programs spend enough time — 15 to 45 hours — covering key math topics. The topics include numbers and operations, algebraic thinking, geometry and measurement, data analysis and probability, and math pedagogy, which focuses on how teachers teach math to students.

Kim Mahovsky, an assistant professor of teacher education at the University of Northern Colorado, said her university’s A grade for its undergraduate program is well deserved.

She said elementary education students are required to take three math courses, and students with an elementary math concentration will take at least one additional math course.

“We are very proud of the fact that we require our students to have all these math courses in order to teach elementary mathematics,” said Mahovsky, who teaches various math methods classes.

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She said the number of instructional hours the National Council on Teacher Quality recommends for various math topics all made sense to her, except for geometry and measurement. The council’s 25-hour benchmark seemed “a little low,” she said. A typical 3-credit college class is equivalent to about 45 hours of instruction.

Mahovsky took issue with the council’s F grade for her university’s graduate program for future elementary educators. She said the grade doesn’t take into account that to gain admission, students in that program must have taken the three math courses required in the university’s undergraduate teacher prep program or, if they attended a different college for undergrad, equivalent classes.

“They should already have that foundational concept knowledge coming into a graduate program,” Mahovsky said.

Some Colorado universities didn’t want to discuss the council’s teacher prep program math grades. Metropolitan State University of Denver declined two interview requests from Chalkbeat.

A statement attributed to Liz Hinde, dean of the School of Education, said in part, “While we recognize the right of external agencies to review our programs and welcome anyone to visit our website and gather whatever information they would like from it, we believe that the State of Colorado is the most legitimate judge of the Educator Preparation Programs at Metropolitan State University of Denver.”

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When asked why the statement mirrored one from Adams State University, a spokesperson for Metropolitan State said Hinde crafted the statement in collaboration with the Colorado Council of Deans/Directors of Education and shared it for any of the group’s members to use.

Ann Schimke is a senior reporter at Chalkbeat, covering early childhood issues and early literacy. Contact Ann at aschimke@chalkbeat.org.



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Colorado drivers struggle with chaining up along I-70 during winter storms, despite a new law meant to help

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Colorado drivers struggle with chaining up along I-70 during winter storms, despite a new law meant to help


GENESEE, Colo. — Colorado lawmakers passed a bill into law earlier this year that could help drivers chain up along the Interstate 70 mountain corridor during the winter months.

The passage of Senate Bill 25-069 created a permit system for private companies to sell and install tire chains or other traction devices to motorists at designated roadside sites. The permits would be issued by the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT).

But there are still questions surrounding whether the program has been implemented or what the roll out looks like, leaving drivers struggling with tire chains on their own during Wednesday’s storm.

“Your hands get cold, they start cramping up, and everything like that… so not too much fun,” said Kane Hulseman, who Denver7 met in Genesee, putting on tire chains just off of I-70.

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When asked about driving conditions on I-70 Wednesday afternoon, Hulseman described the interstate as “pretty slick.”

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I-70 near Genesee

Denver7 asked CDOT about the status of the program, but the agency did not provide information about whether any private companies have applied for permits.

Meanwhile, Denver7 met with Charlie Stubblefield of Mountain Recovery Towing, who emphasized the importance of tire chains for winter driving safety.

“Chains are just unbelievably important,” said Stubblefield. “I don’t think anybody realizes just how make or break of a deal that really is.”

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While Stubblefield supports the concept of designated chain installation sites, he stressed the immediate need for them.

“We can’t have enough people out there getting trucks chained up and all that kind of stuff, and manning those chain stations, he said.

Similar programs already exist in California, Washington and Oregon.

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New Colorado law for winter driving means requirements for car rentals

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New Colorado law for winter driving means requirements for car rentals


A law put in place in Colorado earlier this year is about to get one of its first winter weather tests as a strong storm gears up to hit parts of the I-70 corridor hard. It puts the onus on rental car customers to ensure that the cars they are renting are capable of handling mountain snow and ice conditions. It means two-wheel drive rentals in the high country just won’t cut it.

“Just like skiing, you’ve got to be familiar with the terrain,” said Matt Lovato, who lives in Dumont and partners in the running of a ski rental shop in Idaho Springs. “It’s a hard thing. Don’t go on black (ski runs) if you’re not ready, you know?”

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It means car rental agencies have to inform people.

“The rental agency is required to tell you whether or not that car complies with the new law. And compliance is pretty simple. All passenger vehicles need to be all-wheel drive or four-wheel drive if they’re going to traverse I-70 between the Dotsero and Morrison exits between September and May,” said AAA’s regional director of public affairs Skyler McKinley.

On Tuesday, CDOT and the Colorado State Patrol together held a news conference in Georgetown to talk about new winter driving requirements.

“Even if you have a four wheel drive vehicle you’ve got to have the required type of tire and the proper tread depth, or you got to have chains to go along with that,” said State Patrol Lt. Colonel Josh Downing.

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“If they’re not four-wheel drive or all wheel drive then they have to carry chains or alternate traction devices,” said McKinley. “And the driver has to put those on when it’s called for on that corridor.”

That messaging must come in writing or verbally to clearly let the renter know what’s expected, but once informed, it’s up to the renter to ensure the vehicle is properly equipped.

“I think there’s going to be some frustration in the system, but it’s just going to be a question of where and how and how we resolve it,” said McKinley.

In time, he believes rental car companies will come under pressure to make sure that the right vehicles are available.

“I suspect the market pressures will weigh on the rental cars, rental fleets keeping specific fleets in Colorado that are right for Colorado,” he said.

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Inquiries with several car rental companies Tuesday evening did not bring replies.

But for renters, it will mean knowing what’s expected.

“Not everybody reads the laws when you come up to vacation somewhere, you know,” said Matt Lovato.

But violations could come with fines.

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Colorado forecasts $27 million deficit after Deion Sanders pay raise, NIL payments

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Colorado forecasts  million deficit after Deion Sanders pay raise, NIL payments


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The University of Colorado’s athletic department is projecting that it will run a $27 million deficit during the current fiscal year ending in June 2026, in addition to needing $11.9 million in institutional support from the university and $2.2 million from student fees, according to budget figures obtained by USA TODAY Sports.

Those numbers are not final. The athletic department is hoping to bring that deficit down by the end of June with revenue from donations, sponsorships and concerts at Folsom Field. But it has never reported a deficit that big before, which could potentially leave the athletic department in need of more than $41 million in subsidies from the university, including the institutional support and student fees.

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It also comes at a critical time:

  • Athletic director Rick George announced recently he’s stepping down at the end of the fiscal year in June.
  • Colorado nearly doubled the pay of football coach Deion Sanders in March, giving him a new five-year contract worth more than $10 million annually. His team just finished 3-9 in 2025 as attendance started to wane after selling out his first season in 2023.
  • Like other major college sports programs, Colorado is committed to providing players with up to $20.5 million in annual benefits and direct payments under terms of the NCAA-House legal settlement. That cost is new this year, with the $20.5 million cap going up by 4% next year and the year after.

The latter two costs are the biggest reasons for the projected deficit — the $20.5 million for players and the $10 million per year for Sanders. Colorado previously told USA TODAY Sports in September it was “to be determined” how it would come up with the money to pay for those two big new costs.

Colorado says it won’t cut sports

The projected answer now is that it will run a deficit with the university as the potential backstop for funding.  Asked who would be paying for these expenses if not the university, spokesman Steve Hurlbert said, “The mechanics of that are still to be determined.”

The school said it will “not cut sports nor cut any resources for student-athletes” but will look to cut expenses.

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Hurlbert also stressed tuition money and state funds will not be used to address the deficit.

However, some observers who are familiar with Colorado’s budget expressed skepticism about that claim because money is fungible. The money the university provides to athletics also is discretionary.

“This notion that they’re spending resources that otherwise couldn’t be spent on putting more kids through college or funding cancer research is just absurd,” said Jack Kroll, a former member of the university’s Board of Regents. “There’s no truth to that whatsoever.”

‘The university will have to fill the gap’

The projected revenue for fiscal year 2026 is $136.7 million with $163.7 million in expenses. The biggest expense is football at $60.4 million. The department is still finalizing its numbers for fiscal year 2025, which ended in June 2025, but said it expects a “balanced” budget of $141 million in revenues and expenses for that year, including $24 million in institutional support revenue from the Boulder campus and the university’s president’s office.

Colorado isn’t the only school facing these challenges. In fiscal 2024, at least 33 athletic departments received at least $30 million in university support, including Colorado ($31.9 million), Houston ($38.4 million), Arizona State ($51.7 million) and South Florida ($63.7 million), according to public records collected by USA TODAY Sports in conjunction with the Knight-Newhouse College Athletics Database at Syracuse University.

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The House settlement added a potential new $20.5 million expense to their bills starting July 1, 2025.

At Colorado, last year the university projected a small but growing budget deficit for the campus starting in fiscal 2027. It even told faculty and staff to move forward by “being comfortable with being uncomfortable.” This has led to concerns about how football is paying for its big new expenses.

“With a lame-duck athletic director, a dismal football season, who-knows-what to happen with the (transfer) portal, donor fatigue, the distancing of football leadership from football alums — the prospects for making much of a dent in that deficit seem very slim,” said Roger Pielke, an emeritus professor at Colorado who previously taught sports governance in the CU athletics department. “That would mean that the university will have to fill the gap.”

Follow reporter Brent Schrotenboer @Schrotenboer. Email: bschrotenb@usatoday.com



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