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Why ‘floppy ankles’ make Harry Kane the world’s best striker, but also get him injured

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Why ‘floppy ankles’ make Harry Kane the world’s best striker, but also get him injured

Achilles had his heel, Harry Kane has his ankles — even the greatest have physiological limits.

Except those flaws are often what make them great.

Greek mythology tells it that Achilles, a Greek war hero, was held by the back of his foot when dipped in the River Styx, separating the lands of the living and the dead, as a child. This turned him invincible, barring the spot which carries his name, and (how’s your luck?) where he was killed after being struck there by an arrow.

Since 2016-17, ankle injuries have bedevilled Kane’s career on seven different occasions. He tore ligaments there in 2018-19, and combined has missed a full league season’s worth of games through those issues.

And yet, the same physiology that predisposes him to these ankle problems explains his world-class ball-striking and outstanding goalscoring records: the England team’s all-time top scorer, one of only three players with more than 200 Premier League goals, the best debut season (in terms of goalscoring) in Bundesliga history.

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The Athletic spoke to football biomechanist Archit Navandar to understand what he calls Kane’s “floppy ankles”, and why they make him so good.


First, a lesson in physiological and biomechanics.

The human ankle is a complex thing, the point where the shin bone (tibia), calf bone (fibula) and talus (heel) meet. Scientists call it a ‘hinged synovial joint’ because movement primarily occurs in one plane (direction). In this case, up and down. The ankle can flex the foot towards the body (dorsiflexion) and extend away from it (plantarflexion) but with limited rotation. Synovial refers to the fluid in the joint, which aids movement.

“We don’t have the same ability that we have with our hands that we have with our feet,” says Navandar. “We don’t have that same dexterity. It’s very easy to rotate our wrists. An ankle, to have the same level of dexterity, you need to train. Rotation is very, very difficult, because the stiffer your ankle is, the more control you have in your kick.”

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Watchers of Premier League football on UK broadcasts will know analyst Ally McCoist’s fondness of saying a player has “picked the wrong (golf) club” when they mishit a pass. The golfing analogy serves to describe how different passes (and shots) need specific amounts of power/spin and different trajectories. To change the ‘golf club’, players “change the orientation (of the foot),” says Navandar. “A small modification can completely change my surface area of contact.”

Navandar says Kane does it better and more often than most, which makes him unpredictable.

“He gets a lot of power in his kicks but with seemingly no backlift,” says Navandar. “He doesn’t bend his knees as much, it’s not a prominent knee flexion before the kick. There are kicks where there is hip extension, but it’s not prominent. What you want to do when you kick is to increase the surface area of contact to help with maximum transfer of energy from the foot to the ball, because there is going to be some energy loss.”

Here’s a comparison of Kane’s (lower) backlift to that of Manchester City’s Erling Haaland.

Navandar explains that kicking is split into “four phases”. It starts with backswing, as the leg draws away, then it cocks (the knee bends while the leg starts to move forward again). The leg accelerates towards the ball, strikes it, then follows through.

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“The initial flexion before you release, it’s a whip-like motion,” when looked at from side on, says Navandar. “What Kane does, in the acceleration part, is not (be) rigid. This changes a little bit, he is able to control the movements. It happens subconsciously, automatically.”

To simplify: as Kane is swinging his leg, he changes the orientation of his ankle to hit the ball differently. Navandar likens it to a tennis player altering their serve at the final moment.

Here is an example of a side-footed Kane goal against Manchester City when he was at Tottenham Hotspur. He shapes initially to strike the ball with the laces, then opens out his foot to finish with the instep.

It is not a clean finish, with Kane striking the top of the ball so it travels down to hit the turf on its way to the net. Even so, City’s Ederson could only get fingertips to it. “These movements are very difficult to see with the naked eye,” says Navandar.

Navandar explains that most players keep the ankle locked once the leg has been pulled back to shoot (cocking). This is because stiffer ankles reduce energy loss, which adds power. Typically, as players shoot, the ankle stays with the toes pointing to the floor (plantarflexion) to maximise the surface area hitting the ball. Kane, though, will move the foot by rotating the ankle, changing his finish.

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To compensate for power loss, Navandar highlights Kane’s arm on his non-kicking side, often raised as he strikes (see pictures above): “The power that he gets is mainly from extending his arm out. It’s like a spring action using the entire body.” It is a similar motion to how sprinters throw the arm of their take-off leg backwards as they fly out the blocks.

All this is a biomechanical analysis of praise that has surrounded Kane for years: he has one of the widest finishing libraries in the game, is never fussy about how he scores his goals, and can score them with either boot. “I’m comfortable with both (feet), I don’t feel like I’m losing anything,” he told UK broadcaster BT Sport in 2018.

He ranks fourth for goals in Europe’s top-four leagues since the start of the 2019-20 season. Only Haaland (164), Kylian Mbappe and Robert Lewandowski (both 135) — Kane should face the latter tonight as Bayern visit Barcelona in the Champions League — have more than his 132.

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“He has a fantastic footballing brain,” says Navandar, “but also that he’s able to adapt his game and his technique to have this sort of flexibility and mobility in the lower leg.”

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Kane’s skill set is a reflection of his academy days. A late bloomer, never physically outstanding (in speed or size), with four loan spells at lower-division clubs before he broke into the Tottenham first team at age 20, he learnt to compensate.

Kane observed how former Spurs team-mate Jermain Defoe would take shots quickly because of the speed of Premier League defenders, and his favourite finish is across the goalkeeper after taking a touch to get the ball out in front of his feet. It is as iconic as Kane’s trademark penalty. He generates such force in those shots that he typically rolls onto his left ankle in the follow-through. “It’s part of the motion,” says Navandar.

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The only constant in Kane’s career has been change, evolving as a striker and finisher. He showed against Arsenal’s David Raya in the Champions League last season that he is capable of taking penalties where he watches the goalkeeper and then goes the other way to their dive; he used to take penalties without regarding the ’keeper.

If there were any doubts about his penalty-taking after the vital miss against France late in England’s 2022 World Cup quarter-final defeat, Kane has quashed them. He has scored all 21 spot kicks since, the longest consecutive scoring streak of his career, including a hat-trick of them in Bayern’s 9-2 Champions League win against Dinamo Zagreb in September. Those three goals made him the leading English scorer in Champions League history, overtaking Wayne Rooney.

Those two floppy ankles have also brought seven Golden Boots for club and country.

(Top photo: Catherine Ivill – AMA/Getty Images)

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State championship football games set to produce lots of tears

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State championship football games set to produce lots of tears

Prepare for lots of tears this weekend at the CIF state championship football games in Orange County.

“No doubt,” Ventura High quarterback Derek Garcia said.

Seniors are playing in their final high school football games. Others will never play again unless it’s intramural football. And others are heading off to college in a matter of days as scholarship athletes, so win or lose, change is coming, which will challenge emotions when reality sets in.

“It’s been a great feeling all week knowing this will be my final high school game because most of the time you go in it’s up in the air,” Garcia said. “Win and you keep going or lose and you go home. It’s a great feeling we made it this far and we’re in the last possible game to play. We’re ready to go.”

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Garcia has been playing for his father, Tim, Ventura’s head coach, for years. Now it will end on Friday in a Division 3-AA final against San Francisco St. Ignatius at 8 p.m. at Fullerton High before heading off to Nevada Las Vegas.

“It’s hard sometimes, but it’s been able to bring us so many memories and so many great times together,” Garcia said. “It’s been an awesome journey and wouldn’t want it any other way.”

Some of the teams in state championship games are playing in their 16th game in a long, memorable season.

“It’s been cool to still be playing,” Garcia said.

On Jan. 18, he moves into his UNLV dorm, driving his truck and relying on his parents to help him move. But will his mom let him leave the family nest?

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“We’ll see when the day comes,” he said.

Yes, it’s that time for tears from football players and their parents.

There’s a tripleheader on Saturday at Saddleback College that should produce memorable games.

Open Division

De La Salle (12-0) vs. Santa Margarita (10-3), 8 p.m.

A Northern California team has not won in the state’s highest division since 2015. De La Salle’s speed could produce some big plays against the state’s best defense, particularly if 100-meter record holder Jaden Jefferson gets room to run. But Santa Margarita has its own big-play weapon in Trent Mosley, who had 10 catches for 292 yards two weeks ago against Corona Centennial. The pick: Santa Margarita.

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Division 1-A

Oxnard Pacifica (15-0) vs. Fresno Central East (13-1), 3:30 p.m.

This is a battle of junior quarterbacks. Pacifica’s Taylor Lee has has passed for 3,742 yards and 51 touchdowns. East has passed for 4,298 yards and 56 touchdowns. If you like offense, this could be the most entertaining game. The pick: Pacifica.

Division 2-A

Rio Hondo Prep (15-0) vs. Sonora (14-0), 11:30 a.m.

This is the game where small schools finally get the spotlight. Both love to run the ball, so the game might get completed in less than two hours. Sonora rushed for 340 yards in its regional final. Rio Hondo Prep had 263 yards rushing and attempted one pass. The pick: Sonora.

Division: 3-AA

Ventura (13-2) vs. San Francisco St. Ignatius (8-6), 8 p.m., Friday, at Fullerton High

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Garcia has passed for 3,360 yards and 36 touchdowns and has rushed for 750 yards and 12 touchdowns. The Cougars also have Oregon-bound linebacker Tristan Phillips. St. Ignatius is on a six-game winning streak after getting more consistent play at quarterback. The pick: Ventura.

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Pro Football Hall of Famer Troy Aikman critiques NIL landscape, transfer rules and Lane Kiffin’s LSU move

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Pro Football Hall of Famer Troy Aikman critiques NIL landscape, transfer rules and Lane Kiffin’s LSU move

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For the past couple of decades, former NFL star quarterback and Pro Football Hall of Famer Troy Aikman has shared his thoughts on what he’s seen during whichever game he and his longtime broadcast partner are calling.

The three-time Super Bowl winner is currently part of the “Monday Night Football” broadcast crew. Aikman has routinely given his take on a variety of football-related topics, from the state of NFL officiating to college football.

Some of Aikman’s latest thoughts about the college game centered on the growing number of players who have taken advantage of the transfer portal in today’s polarizing NIL landscape.

The former Dallas Cowboys quarterback and many others have referred to the state of today’s sport at the collegiate level as the “Wild West.”

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Hall of Fame quarterback Troy Aikman stands with his Monday Night Football Broadcast announcer Joe Buck before a game between the Pittsburgh Steelers and New York Giants at Acrisure Stadium.  (Barry Reeger/Imagn Images)

“College football has become the Wild West, as everybody knows. Forget about Lane Kiffin for a minute, but starting with NIL, there just has been no guardrails. I’m on the National Football Foundation Board, so I hear firsthand from a lot of the commissioners and athletic directors and the people involved in all of that. It’s gotta get cleaned up, first and foremost,” Aikman told The Athletic.

When asked about student-athletes’ mobility in today’s world, Aikman reflected on his personal choices during his time competing at the NCAA level.

NFL GREAT TROY AIKMAN FIRES BACK AT JERRY JONES’ TRADE PLAN AMID LOSING EFFORT: ‘HE MAY WANT TO CANCEL’

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“I was a transfer. I went from Oklahoma to UCLA, and I’ve always felt that if a coach is able to pick up and leave, that a player should have the same opportunity if a coach leaves,” he continued.

UCLA quarterback Troy Aikman (8) runs the ball during a college football game against Arizona on Oct. 2, 1988, at Arizona Stadium in Tucson, Ariz. (Mike Powell/Allsport/Getty Images)

“What’s happened obviously over the years since I got out of college football is that in recent years with NIL, there’s been no accountability on the players,” Aikman continued. “So the players pick up and now they’re leaving all the time whereas before it was typically the coach. The player used to have to sit out a year. Now, the players can up and go regardless of whether or not they’ve been paid. It’s every man for himself.”

Aikman then dived into another college football hot topic – Lane Kiffin’s decision to leave Ole Miss in favor of LSU. The NFL analyst gave his best guess on what fueled Kiffin to make the leap.

“Lane Kiffin’s motivation? Is it his thoughts that it’s a better opportunity for him at LSU? Possibly. Is it money? Possibly. Is it lifestyle? Possibly. I can’t answer any of those questions.” 

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Then-Ole Miss Rebels head coach Lane Kiffin throws a football before the game against the Oklahoma Sooners at Gaylord Family-Oklahoma Memorial Stadium on Oct. 25, 2025. (Kevin Jairaj/Imagn Images)

“But whatever his motivation is, he feels like LSU is the right place for him. So I don’t fault him for that at all. I know there’s always hard feelings. Ole Miss did not want to lose Lane Kiffin,” he said. “Once he made the decision to leave, now he’s a pariah. Let’s get this guy just as far away from us as we can. I understand that as well. Everybody gets a little bit jaded.”

Aikman concluded that those in positions of power should ultimately take charge and focus on getting things in order. “Where I’m at is I think there’s gotta be some leadership at the very top that kind of cleans all of this up. Starting with players that accept money, there’s gotta be some accountability and responsibility on their behalf to have to stick with a program. I gave money to a kid. I won’t mention who. I’ve done it one time at UCLA. Never met the young man. He was there a year, he left after the year. I wrote a sizable check, and he went to another school. I didn’t even get so much as a thank you note.”

Aikman is scheduled to be on the call for a Week 15 matchup between the Pittsburgh Steelers and Miami Dolphins on Dec. 15.

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Take a swing? Two Buss brothers consider investing in baseball’s Athletics

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Take a swing? Two Buss brothers consider investing in baseball’s Athletics

Could two members of the Buss family add some green and gold to their purple and gold?

Joey and Jesse Buss, fired last month as Lakers executives, have explored pursuing an ownership stake in baseball’s Athletics, according to two people familiar with the discussions but not authorized to speak publicly about them.

The discussions were described as preliminary, and it is unclear whether they might result in a deal. Jesse Buss did not reply to a message seeking comment.

In September, Joey and Jesse – sons of legendary Lakers owner Jerry Buss – announced the launch of Buss Sports Capital “to pursue high-impact investment opportunities across the global sports ecosystem.” The announcement said Buss Sports Capital would aim “to partner with forward-thinking professionals to unlock new opportunities in professional sports.”

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Joey and Jesse Buss retain their stakes of Lakers ownership. In October, Dodgers owner Mark Walter closed his purchase of majority ownership in the Lakers, in a deal that valued the Lakers at $10 billion. Walter tasked Dodgers president of baseball operations Andrew Friedman and former general manager Farhan Zaidi to assess the Lakers’ front office operations.

Last month, Joey Buss was dismissed as vice president of research and development and Jesse Buss as assistant general manager.

The A’s left Oakland after the 2024 season. They plan to move from their temporary Sacramento home to Las Vegas in 2028, and construction there is underway on an enclosed 30,000-seat stadium originally estimated to cost $1.5 billion. In July, team owner John Fisher told the Nevada Independent the cost had risen into “the $2 billion range.”

Fisher obtained $380 million in public funding. He is responsible for the balance of construction costs. In 2023, The Times first reported that Fisher hoped to generate $500 million toward stadium costs by valuing the A’s at $2 billion and selling 25% of the team to minority investors.

Fisher has since used a higher valuation in soliciting investors. CNBC last year estimated the A’s franchise value at $2 billion, Forbes at $1.8 billion, and Sportico at $1.6 billion.

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The A’s have posted four consecutive losing seasons. They say they are rebuilding toward their planned 2028 arrival in Las Vegas, and they have an impressive core of position players, including first baseman Nick Kurtz — the American League rookie of the year — shortstop Jacob Wilson, catcher Shea Langeliers, designated hitter Brent Rooker, and outfielders Lawrence Butler and Tyler Soderstrom.

Times staff writer Broderick Turner contributed to this report.

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