RHODE ISLAND — The harvest moon — the full moon nearest the autumnal equinox — always has a reputation as a stunner, but as the second of four consecutive supermoons, it will appear especially big and bright on Tuesday and Wednesday, Sept. 17-18, weather permitting in Rhode Island.

On the 18th, when the moon still looks big and bright, a partial lunar eclipse will be visible in the Americas, Europe and Asia. The eclipse is in the evening hours for U.S. observers (while the Moon is rising for the West Coast). In some areas, viewers will see a little bite taken out of one side of the moon over about an hour, according to NASA.

Here’s what we’ll see in Rhode Island. Expect moon rise at 6:48 p.m. The partial lunar eclipse will be visible from 10:12 p.m. to 11:15 p.m.

The moon itself will appear slightly bigger and brighter because it’s a “supermoon,” a term coined in 1979 by astrologer Richard Nolle to describe the phenomenon when the moon’s orbit is closest to Earth, or at perigee, at the same time the moon is full.

As the term has been popularized, especially in the past decades, the biggest and brightest full moons of the year have become a favorite among skywatchers. They aren’t equal in intensity, though. Some lunar perigees come closer to Earth than others. At “extreme perigee,” that is the closest, the moon can appear 14 percent larger and about 16 percent brighter.

The full harvest supermoon and the Oct. 17 full hunters moon are “virtually tied for the closest of the year,” according to NASA.

The last of the four supermoons is the full beaver moon on Nov. 15.

Before anyone started using terms like “supermoon,” full moons were given names to help Native American tribes and others keep track of the seasonal changes that dictated the lives of their communities.

Unlike other full moons, the September full moon always rises at nearly the same time — around sunset — for several consecutive evenings, according to The Old Farmer’s Almanac. It got its name because the bright moonlight gave farmers several evenings of moonlight to finish their harvests.

Musicians from the Tin Pan Alley Era to modern times have crooned about the harvest moon, and with good reason. The harvest moon is a favorite on the lunar calendar because the best times to view it are so reliable.

So, whether your musical tastes run from “Shine On, Harvest Moon” from the “Ziegfeld Follies” or Neil Young’s classic “Harvest Moon,” you should definitely plan to dance or otherwise play under it.

“Go out on the night of the full moon and find a good spot to watch it rise. It can be breathtaking, eliciting an awestruck ‘Wow!’ from any skywatcher,” NASA explains. “When we observe the Moon near the horizon, it often looks HUGE — whether it’s peeking over the shoulder of a distant mountain, rising out of the sea, hovering behind a cityscape, or looming over a thicket of trees.

“But here’s the thing: it’s all in your head. Really. …”

The harvest moon doesn’t always rise in September, as it will this year. It’s always the one that occurs closest to the autumnal equinox. That’s on Sunday, Sept. 22. Every three years, though, the harvest moon is in October.

Sometimes, the harvest moon looks more orange, but that has nothing to do with it being a harvest moon. The moon — and the sun, too — looks redder when it’s near the horizon because they’re seen through the maximum thickness of the atmosphere, which absorbs blue light and transmits red light.

Have a news tip? Email jimmy.bentley@patch.com.

The incumbent advantage is alive and well in Rhode Island, where sitting Democratic state lawmakers overwhelmingly triumphed in primary races Tuesday. 

Except for Democratic Rep. Ed Cardillo Jr., who narrowly lost his reelection bid in the three-way primary to represent House District 42 to progressive challenger Kelsey Coletta.

All results are preliminary and unofficial, with mail ballots and those turned into polling place drop boxes still being counted over the next week, according to a tentative schedule from the Rhode Island Board of Elections.

The closest primary came down to 31 votes, in which Coletta ousted Cardillo for the seat representing parts of Cranston and Johnston. Coletta first challenged Cardillo for the seat in the 2022 primary, losing by roughly 80 votes.

What made the second go-round different?

“I had a lot of support and I started a lot earlier,” Coletta said, gathering with fellow Democratic representatives at Lemongrass restaurant in Warwick to celebrate. “I am their neighbor, I understand what they’re struggling with. I understand what it’s like to live in this world, in our state, in Johnston and Cranston.”

Coletta will square off against Republican Richard Fascia in the November general election.

Cardillo, a two-term representative, declined to comment when reached by phone Tuesday night. His nephew, Dennis Cardillo Jr., was also in the race, and finished a distant third.

In contrast, Democratic Providence Rep. Enrique Sanchez had no trouble winning a second term in House District 9, which lacks a Republican opponent, despite an accusation-riddled race against challengers Anastacia Williams and Santos Javier. Sanchez drew more than 50% of the vote, drawing nearly twice as much support as Javier. Williams, who held the seat for 20 years before being ousted by Sanchez in 2022, finished third. 

“I just want to thank the voters of House District 9 for reelecting us to continue working hard for them and fighting for strong progressive policies and initiatives at the State House,” Sanchez said in an interview Tuesday night. 

Complaints by all three candidates against their opponents alleging mail ballot tampering, ethical violations and sign stealing, among others, remain under review by various state and local agencies, including Providence police. Sanchez declined to comment on the complaints and investigations.

“We’ll let the authorities handle it,” he said.

Senate President Ruggerio easily defeats challenger

Meanwhile, Senate President Dominick Ruggerio is poised to reach the 40-year-mark in the Rhode Island Senate after handily defeating progressive challenger Lenny Cioe with 70% of the vote. There is no Republican challenger.

Ruggerio was strongly favored to win the Senate District 4 primary representing North Providence, despite health issues that kept him away from the State House for a large chunk of the legislative session. Ruggerio also did not attend his scheduled watch party at Knights of Columbus Dillon Council event venue in North Providence Tuesday night, according to Greg Pare, a Senate spokesperson.

In a statement Tuesday night, Ruggerio called his reelection “a tremendous honor,” thanking voters, and supporters who volunteered on his campaign.

“I have been overwhelmed by the support of so many people who helped our campaign while I have been recovering from my temporary health challenge,” Ruggerio said. “I recently had a procedure that successfully addressed complications from the shingles virus, and I am presently at home recuperating. While the surgery was successful and I am feeling better every day, I have been advised by my doctors to stay out of crowded spaces for the time being.”

He continued, “I look forward to continuing to work collaboratively with residents and colleagues across government to address the challenges facing our State and to making Rhode Island an even greater place to live and work.”

Ruggerio’s supporters included a mix of likely faces as well as a few surprises, including progressive Providence Democratic Sen. Tiara Mack.

Mack, who said in an interview Monday that she canvassed for Ruggerio once during the summer, is unopposed in her reelection bid, a status shared by more than half of the 104 state legislators vying for another term. (Nine legislators are not seeking reelection). 

Who’s backing who

House Speaker K. Joseph Shekarchi, who is running unopposed in both the primary and general election, gathered with Democratic representatives at Lemongrass restaurant in Warwick to celebrate their wins and watch the presidential debate.

Shekarchi, a top fundraiser whose name has surfaced in discussions of the 2026 governor’s race, spent Tuesday afternoon traveling the state to stump for lawmakers facing reelection. Among his stops: Providence’s House District 11, where 20-year incumbent Rep. Grace Diaz faced a challenge from Tania Quezada, who served on Providence Mayor Brett Smiley’s transition team.

Diaz held on to her seat by a more than 20-percentage-point margin over Quezada.

Shekarchi also planned to stop in Westerly to help Rep. Samuel Azzinaro, who for the first time since winning office in 2008, had a primary challenger in Jonathan Daly-LaBelle. Azzinaro drew nearly twice as many votes in the House District 37 primary, securing his spot in the State House because there is no Republican opponent.

“They have competitive races, and I want to show support for my team,” Shekarchi said in an interview Tuesday afternoon. “They are long-standing members of the House, and they are good Democrats.”

Shekarchi stressed that his support was forged in personal relationships, not politics. For example, the moderate Warwick Democrat gave $1,000 to Rep. Cherie Cruz in her reelection bid for Pawtucket’s House District 58, where Cruz faced a challenge from mayoral-backed candidate Elizabeth Moreira.

Cruz, a progressive elected in 2022, successfully fended off Moreira by a 20-percentage point margin, thanks in part to the backing of the Rhode Island Working Families Party. No Republican candidate entered the race.

Progressive strategy

Having secured major wins for its endorsed candidates in past elections, the progressive group chose to focus on just four primary races this year, two of which were for incumbents facing establishment-backed challengers. In addition to Cruz, the group also worked to help Rep. Brandon Potter stave off a challenge from Democrat Joseph Graziano in House District 16.

Potter, a two-term incumbent, has alleged that Ruggerio recruited Graziano to run against him as retaliation over policy disagreements, allegations which Graziano and Ruggerio have both denied. Potter ultimately trounced Graziano with more than 75% of the vote Tuesday night. Potter will still have to defeat Republican Deborah Leong in November.

Potter declined to comment when reached by phone Tuesday night, saying he planned to issue a statement on results in the morning.

Georgia Hollister Isman, New England regional director for the Working Families Party, expressed confidence in both incumbents’ chances in an interview Tuesday morning.

“That’s a bad political call on their part,” Hollister Isman said of the decision to challenge Cruz and Potter, both of whom are popular with fellow lawmakers and with voters.

The Working Families Party also backed Coletta in the House District 64 race, and Giona Picheco, a progressive challenger to Rep. Charlene Lima in House District 14. Lima, a three-decade veteran of the Rhode Island State House, won her reelection campaign, capturing more than 55% of the votes cast.

Hollister Isman touted wins among three of the four priority candidates in a statement Tuesday night.

“Voters want what they’re fighting for: better wages and benefits, more affordable housing and healthcare, quality schools and childcare for all Rhode Island kids, and a government that is run not by political insiders or corporate lobbyists, but by people who know firsthand what their districts need,” Hollister Isman said. “Working Families Democrats are standing up for the people of their districts, even in the face of powerful opposition, and that is political strength, not a weakness.”

Wide open

Cranston’s Republican mayoral primary was perhaps the biggest news of an otherwise sleepy, low-turnout primary. But Cranston Democrats also had tough decisions to make, including for the open seat in Senate District 28, held by Sen. Josh Miller. Miller opted not to run for reelection, creating an opportunity in a liberal stronghold that drew no Republican contenders.

Cranston City Council Vice President Lammis Vargas beat runner-up Darrell Brown by 101 votes in the five-way primary representing parts of Cranston and Providence. She celebrated the win with family and friends at Ted’s Stadium Pub in Cranston.

“The voters of Cranston and Providence have put their faith in my strong track record and leadership experience to deliver results and continue fighting for District 28,” Vargas said in a statement Tuesday night. “This was a close primary race amongst five stellar candidates, and I am grateful to them, as well as the voters who turned out to the polls, and the unions and elected officials who put their support behind my candidacy.”

Two other open seats in the Rhode Island Senate featured three Democratic candidates. 

In Senate District 20, vacated by Sen. Roger Picard, Woonsocket City Councilor Brian Thompson came out on top with two-thirds of ballots cast. The Senate District 25 seat left vacant after Sen. Frank Lombardo III died in February was claimed, at least in the primary, by Andrew Dimitri. Dimitri will now face Republican Karin Gorman in the general election.

In East Providence and Pawtucket, the open House District 64 seat held by two-term Rep. Brianna Henries was easily claimed by Jenni Furtado. Furtado, chair of the East Providence School Committee, bested fellow Democrat Ashley Pereira with more than double the support among voters. There is no Republican candidate.

Other state races decided Tuesday, with no Republican opponent in November, included:

• House District 51: Rep. Robert Phillips will serve an eighth term representing voters in Woonsocket and Cumberland after beating challenger Garrett Mancieri.
• House District 57: Rep. Brandon Voas secured a second term after beating Democratic challenger Raiden Phoenix Witt for the seat representing Cumberland and Central Falls.
• Senate District 14: Senate Majority Whip Valarie Lawson easily defeated challenger Brian Gary Coogan for the seat representing East Providence. 
• Senate District 37: Incumbent Rep. V. Susan Sosnowski handily won her reelection bid against challenger Anita Norton Jacobson in South Kingstown. 

Two other Democratic primaries decided Tuesday set up challenges against Republican incumbents in November. 

In Senate District 17, Cameron Deutsch defeated Alexander Azar in the primary spanning parts of Lincoln, North Providence and Smithfield. Deutsch will now face Republican incumbent Sen. Thomas Paolino in the general election.

In Warwick’s Senate District 29, Peter Appollonio Jr. defeated Jennifer Rourke, advancing him to the November ballot against Republican incumbent Sen. Anthony DeLuca.

The Rhode Island Board of Elections expects to finish tallying results by Sept. 16.

The general election is Nov. 5.

Reporter Chris Shea contributed to this story.