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BOSTON – Now that Question 2 has passed, removing MCAS as a graduation requirement in Massachusetts schools, are standards for high school graduation in the state practically nonexistent? One civic activist thinks so.
“It is absolutely back to the future,” said Eastern Bank Executive Chairman Bob Rivers. “The only standard we will have left is four years attending, four years of gym and four years of civics.”
Rivers was one of a group of local business executives who joined with Gov. Maura Healey, Secretary of Education Pat Tutwiler and others in opposition to ending the MCAS standard. In an interview with WBZ-TV, he said that as a result of the 59%-41% approval of Question Two, “You’re just not going to know where your kids sit in an individual school in any particular way. There will still be an MCAS that’ll be administered, but it will become increasingly irrelevant because people won’t pay attention to it. They won’t study it. There’s already ways to opt out of it anyway.”
Campaign ads sponsored by the state’s largest teacher union, the Massachusetts Teachers Association, offered a vision of graduation standards tailored to individual students by teachers and, presumably, local school districts. But Rivers – and even some Beacon Hill supporters of Question Two – see a need for some form of statewide standards.
Rivers noted that one of the driving forces behind the 1993 Education Reform Act that led to the MCAS standard was concern among employers that a high-school diploma offered no reliable guarantee that the graduate had the basic skills needed in the workplace.
“We see it a lot today now, in many ways, where kids just aren’t prepared for work, the workforce, a career or higher education, and this is only going to make it, make it worse,” he said. “Before the 1993 reform law, we were not number one in the nation in public education. We are today by any particular standard [but scores have been slipping in recent years]. A competitive strength of Massachusetts is the power of our workforce. Unfortunately, by elimination of this standard, that’s been significantly damaged.”
Rivers also discussed his objections to a deal worked out between Boston Mayor Michelle Wu and other business leaders that would raise commercial property tax rates in the city above the legal limit temporarily to compensate for an expected drop in revenues due to high office vacancy rates.
Local News
It’s not every day that a third-grader earns media credentials for the biggest game in American sports, but for one Massachusetts student, the Super Bowl is about to become his next big story.
Nine-year-old Louis Divito, of Westminster, was named Panini America’s 2026 Super Bowl Kid Reporter, landing an all-access pass to Super Bowl LX.
Selected from more than 187,000 applicants nationwide, Divito will spend Super Bowl week covering the NFL’s biggest stage not just as a fan, but as a working reporter.
As part of Panini America’s annual sweepstakes, Divito will interview NFL players from the New England Patriots and Seattle Seahawks and take part in opening night festivities alongside former Super Bowl-winning quarterback Trent Dilfer. He’ll also attend exclusive Panini events, open trading card packs with current and former players, and soak in game day experience at Levi’s Stadium in Santa Clara, California, on Feb. 8.
A lifelong New England fan, the trip carries extra meaning — he’ll be accompanied by his father, John Divito, also a Patriots diehard. Between school, sports, and a fast-growing trading card collection, his enthusiasm for the game has already set him apart. Now, he’s ready to bring that energy to the national stage — one question at a time.
We caught up with Louis ahead of his Super Bowl correspondent debut.
Interview edited for length and clarity.
Louis: My name is Louis. I’m nine years old. I play football, I play baseball, I play basketball. I play hockey, swim, and ski. I like doing Legos. And I have three sisters and two parents.
I like that the team’s in the Super Bowl. I also like that the Patriots are a really good team, and it’s my home team. I also like that I get to go to the Super Bowl. They’re really good. And I love blue and red … and white, but white’s not my favorite.
Screaming and not much sleep. Thinking and thinking and questions. A hundred billion questions — like, a lot of questions.
I’m nervous for the part where I have to ask questions. But I’m also really excited to go to the Super Bowl, and California, and spend time with my dad, and the hot weather, and meeting my favorite players.
I have five players in mind: Drake Maye, Stefon Diggs, Will Campbell, Christian Gonzalez, and Mack Hollins.

I feel good, I think it’s just fun to talk to any NFL player, even if I’m not rooting for them. But I’d definitely choose talking to the Patriots over the Seahawks.
Play really good defense. And pass the ball and catch the ball and not slip and fall on the ground, and score touch downs, and really tackle people hard. And we want to sack the [Seahawks] quarterback really hard, and don’t let him score anything.
We’ll go to the hotel and celebrate and do so much stuff. We’ll go to dinner … and open the car windows, and we’ll dance, probably play karaoke on TV in our room. And we’ll go to the beach and scream at the sea lions.
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The Senate bill echoes legislation unanimously passed by the State House in October, part of a multi-year effort in Massachusetts to overhaul reading instruction methods.
Senator Sal DiDomenico, the Senate leader on the legislation, said the bill is vital to ensure the state’s high educational achievement applies to all groups.
“We rest on our laurels a lot about being #1 in education across the nation, but when you dig a little deeper, it’s a tale of two cities,” DiDomenico said. “Only four out of 10 third-graders are reaching benchmarks at reading.”
The numbers are worse for subgroups such as Black students, low income students, and English learners, DiDomenico noted. Just 14 percent of students with disabilities, for example, are meeting benchmarks, he said.
The bill has the backing of Governor Maura Healey and Senate President Karen Spilka, alongside a coalition of groups known as Mass Reads that includes education reform-linked groups like charter schools, civil rights groups like the Boston branch of the NAACP, and business groups. (A number of the members of MassReads have received grants from the Barr Foundation, which also helps fund the Globe’s Great Divide education reporting team.)
The bill faces opposition from some organizations, however, including the state’s largest teacher’s union and an education professor whose curriculum could be prohibited in Massachusetts schools.
The Senate proposal diverges most notably from the House by requiring the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education to provide a complete kindergarten-to-Grade 3 curriculum for free to schools. That provision could in part address the concerns of local district that the legislation is a unfunded mandate on local governments.
The Senate plan also eliminates a ban, which the House bill included, on “three-cueing,” a widely disparaged technique that involves using context like pictures instead of phonics to figure out unfamiliar words.
If the bill passes, the House and Senate will need settle any differences before sending the legislation to Healey for her signature. In a statement, the governor praised the bill.
“We have been proud to partner with the Legislature to increase literacy funding, and this bill is another important step toward ensuring every student has high-quality literacy education,” she said.
The Senate will address dozens of proposed amendments to the bill before voting Thursday, including one that would largely defang it by removing the requirement that all curriculums get state approval. Others would increase the state’s responsibility to cover costs, along with various proposals not directly related to reading.
As part of its bill, the House passed a union-backed set of amendments centered around promoting librarians, reading specialists, and other school-based literacy staff. Similar amendments are also before the Senate.
Similar bills have failed in the Legislature for years in the face of opposition from the Massachusetts Teachers Association and some local school districts. Critics have decried proposals as restricting teachers’ autonomy to adapt to student needs and disputed the validity of the “Science of Reading” movement, a body of research in part underlying the bills that emphasizes phonics as a key to early reading success.
“Curriculum mandates are an oversimplified response to a complex problem,” said Max Page, president of the union, in a statement. “There is no proof that such mandates yield sustained success in any of the states that have passed so-called literacy laws.”
The legislation has drawn less coordinated opposition than it did in some prior years. The Massachusetts Association of School Superintendents opposed similar legislation in 2024, for example, but has largely sat out the current battle.
Supporters argue a mandate is needed to stop districts from using curriculums the state considers low-quality, a widespread practice covered by the Globe’s Great Divide education team in a 2023 investigation. Mary Tamer, the founder and executive director of MassPotential, a Boston-based education advocacy organization that is part of the MassReads coalition, said teachers will benefit from the curriculum requirement.
“We know, having followed what other states have done, the tremendous difference it can be make when a district is not only using the proper instructional materials but when teachers are trained in the use of those materials,” Tamer said. “We want to make sure every principal, every teacher has access to high-quality instructional materials.”
Most states have passed some sort of “Science of Reading” law in the last few years, many with limited results. But proponents of the Massachusetts bill point to states like Louisiana and Mississippi, which have bucked the nationwide decline in achievement over the past decade in part via comprehensive reading instruction reforms.
Both sides agree that much will depend on the bill’s implementation. The state-provided curriculum, for example, could come in any number of forms: The state could expand its existing Appleseeds literacy materials, which currently cover only Kindergarten to Grade 2; it could develop something new; or it could license and adapt other existing materials, such as the free University of Florida Literacy Institute Foundations Toolbox.
One of the biggest concerns from critics has been cost, with the union opponents arguing that the proposals to date do not go far enough in paying for the transition. The Senate bill would create a new special fund, seeded with $25 million in Millionaires’ Tax funds, which the state’s education department could use to develop or adapt the free curriculum, and provide grants to districts to help them implement the law.
Healey and the state Legislature have already provided tens of millions of dollars in funding for curriculum improvements, teacher training, and tutoring over the last few years. In her 2027 budget proposal released on Wednesday, Healey proposed further increasing that investment.
Similarly, the state already publishes a list of curriculums it considers high-quality, based on reviews by Massachusetts teachers and by groups such as EdReports, a North Carolina-based nonprofit that evaluates teaching materials. But that list could grow or change in the future, particularly as new curricula are published in response to similar laws across the nation.
Both bills allow districts to seek waivers from the state list by demonstrating their curriculums align with the law’s definition of evidence-based instruction. Several amendments before the Senate would expand waivers to cover districts or schools that prove they have strong reading results, regardless of curriculum.
“At the very least, let the schools and districts that are doing really well off the hook,” said Lynn Schade, a former teacher and teacher training provider who opposes the bill. “If it ain’t broken, don’t fix it.”
Christopher Huffaker can be reached at christopher.huffaker@globe.com. Follow him @huffakingit.
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