Technology
The fake refund scam: Why scammers love holiday shoppers
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The holiday shopping season should feel exciting, but for scammers, it’s rush hour. And this year, one trick is hitting more inboxes and phones than ever: the fake refund scam. If you’ve ever seen an unexpected “Your refund has been issued,” “Your payment failed” or “We owe you money” email or text during November or December, it wasn’t an accident.
Scammers know you’re buying more, tracking more packages and juggling more receipts than at any other time of year. That chaos makes fake refund scams incredibly effective and incredibly dangerous.
Here’s why these scams are spreading, how to spot them instantly and the one thing you can do today to stop scammers from targeting you in the first place.
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FBI WARNS EMAIL USERS AS HOLIDAY SCAMS SURGE
Fake refund emails can look convincing during the holidays, making it easy to fall for a scam when your inbox is overflowing. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
Why refund scams skyrocket during the holidays
Scammers strike when Americans are distracted, rushed and making dozens of purchases. Black Friday, Cyber Monday and holiday gift-buying create the perfect storm:
1) You’re expecting legitimate refunds
Holiday shopping means:
- Items going out of stock
- Orders getting canceled
- Packages arriving late
- Prices changing
- Stores offering “Best Price Guarantee” refunds.
Scammers know this. When you’re already expecting refund emails, their fake ones blend right in.
2) You’re spending more, which means bigger targets
A study shows that this year, Americans will spend 3.6% more than the previous year on holiday shopping. A $200 to $500 purchase is completely normal during this season. Other reports show a decrease in spending, but note that people spend, on average, over $600 during the Black Friday promotions alone.
Expenses stack up, new things arrive, some get returned and a “$249 refund issued” message doesn’t look suspicious—it looks plausible. But it’s crucial you check if that message is real. Never click any links without a thorough look at the email address, name and content of the message.
3) Your inbox is overflowing
Have you been eyeing a new home appliance? Or a present for a loved one? Have you saved anything in your cart just to see if the price drops? Thanks to Black Friday, your inbox is probably filled with:
- Promotional codes
- Offers
- Shipping updates
- Order confirmations
- Receipts
- Return notifications.
It’s easy to lose track of your orders and packages amidst the influx of emails. And when you’re skimming more than 200 promotions, scams become harder to catch.
4) They know exactly what you purchased
Scammers get their information from data brokers, companies that collect, package and sell your personal information. Your profile can include anything from your name, contact information, to your purchase history and even your financial situation.
In general, data brokers and shopping apps sell patterns, including:
- Where you shop
- How much you spend
- What categories you buy
- Recent purchases
- Your email, phone number and address.
And scammers buy that information to craft compelling and personalized attacks. That’s why their fake refund emails often mimic retailers you actually used.
HOW TO STOP IMPOSTOR BANK SCAMS BEFORE THEY DRAIN YOUR WALLET
Scammers use urgent warnings and realistic details to pressure you into clicking links that steal your personal information. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
How the fake refund scam works
Scammers usually follow one of three playbooks:
“Your refund is ready-verify your account.” You click a link, and you’re taken to what looks like Amazon, Walmart, UPS, Target or Best Buy. And when you enter your login, scammers can steal your credentials by manipulating you.
“We overcharged you. Click here for your refund.” It asks for your debit card number, your bank login and your PayPal credentials. Or worse: it installs malware that steals them automatically.
Phone version: “We issued a refund by mistake.” You get a call from someone pretending to be Amazon customer service, PayPal support, or even your bank. They say they “refunded too much money” and need you to send back the difference. Some even screen-share to drain bank accounts in real time.
These scams cost Americans hundreds of millions of dollars every year. The FTC reports that impostor scams (which are related to online shopping) accounted for the second-highest reported losses, resulting in $2.95 billion being lost in 2024.
What these emails look like so you can spot them fast
Scammers are getting more sophisticated. Fake refund messages often include:
- Your correct name
- A real store logo
- A real order amount
- A believable order number
- “Click to view refund” buttons
- Deadline pressure like “respond within 24 hours.”
Here’s the giveaway: No legitimate retailer requires you to enter banking info to receive a refund, ever.
Note that scams often ask you to:
- Confirm a payment
- Verify personal info
- Log in through a link
- Provide banking details
- Download an invoice.
The simplest way to protect yourself before the holiday peak
Deleting your data manually from data broker sites is technically possible, but extremely tedious. Some require government ID uploads, faxed forms, multiple follow-up requests and updates every 30 to 90 days because they relist your data.
This is why most people almost never do it. A data removal service, however, automates the entire process. These services:
- Identify which broker sites have your info
- Send official deletion requests on your behalf
- Force them to remove your data
- Continually monitor and re-request removals
- Block brokers from relisting you
While no service can guarantee the complete removal of your data from the internet, a data removal service is really a smart choice. They aren’t cheap, and neither is your privacy. These services do all the work for you by actively monitoring and systematically erasing your personal information from hundreds of websites. It’s what gives me peace of mind and has proven to be the most effective way to erase your personal data from the internet. By limiting the information available, you reduce the risk of scammers cross-referencing data from breaches with information they might find on the dark web, making it harder for them to target you.
Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.com
Get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web: Cyberguy.com
Criminals often rely on data from broker sites to personalize refund scams, which is why reducing your digital footprint matters. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
How to protect yourself this season (3 quick steps)
Remember to follow these few simple steps to safeguard yourself against targeted scams.
1) Never click refund links in emails or texts
Go directly to your retailer’s website and check your actual order history. Verify the email address of the sender and only communicate with official representatives of the retailer.
2) Turn on multi-factor authentication
Set up two-factor authentication (2FA) for all of your accounts. With the help of 2FA, you’ll need to authorize logins via email, text message or generated PINs. So, even if you accidentally enter your password somewhere fake, 2FA can stop the breach.
3) Limit how scammers can find you
This is the part most people skip—and it’s why they stay targets. Removing your personal info from data broker sites cuts off scammers’ access to your real details. A data removal service automates and makes the process ongoing, which is why I recommend it to my most privacy-conscious readers.
Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.com.
Kurt’s key takeaways
Refund scams explode during the holiday shopping season because scammers rely on two things: Chaos in your inbox and your personal data being sold behind your back. You can’t stop scammers from sending fake emails, but you can stop them from targeting you specifically. Before peak holiday shopping hits, take a moment to clean up your data trail. You’ll end up with fewer scams, fewer risks and far more peace of mind.
Have you received a suspicious refund email or text this season? Share your experience so we can help warn others in the comments below. Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com
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Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.
Technology
Nothing cancels this year’s CMF phone due to RAM prices
Nothing’s next budget phone is the latest victim of RAMageddon. As 9to5Google reports, Nothing co-founder Akis Evangelidis announced in a post on X that a follow-up to the CMF Phone 2 Pro won’t be coming this year:
We were working on a successor but with memory prices where they are right now, we can’t build a phone that feels like a genuine step forward at a price that makes sense for CMF. As a result, we’ve decided not to launch a new CMF phone this year.
Last week, Nothing CEO and co-founder Carl Pei also said the RAM shortage has impacted the cost of the company’s mid-range phone, stating, “For Phone 4A, memory costs doubled between when we decided to build the device and when it launched. They’ve doubled again since.” According to Pei, “memory is now the most expensive component in a smartphone.” Nothing is far from the only company facing RAM pricing challenges — earlier this week, Tim Cook announced Apple will be raising prices, saying “the situation has become unsustainable.”
While there won’t be a new CMF phone this year, Evangelidis added in his post that CMF still has “several new products launching as well as some entirely new categories.” He also hinted that “the smartphone launch season at Nothing isn’t over yet.”
Technology
China’s brain chip breakthrough raises big questions
China approves world’s first commercial brain chip
Apple unveils new child safety tools, enabling parents to manage kid accounts, media access, communication, apps, and browsing. Tech companies like Meta, Roblox, YouTube and TikTok enhance safety with age verification, content moderation and time limits. China approves the world’s first commercial brain chip, raising privacy concerns.
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A coin-sized brain chip in China could help people with paralysis control devices using their thoughts. China has approved a brain-computer interface called NEO for commercial medical use in certain patients with paralysis caused by spinal cord injuries. That moves brain-chip technology out of research trials and closer to real-world medical care.
Developed by researchers at Tsinghua University and Shanghai-based Neuracle Technology, NEO sits under the skull but rests on the brain’s protective outer layer rather than piercing deep into brain tissue. That design could make it less invasive than some competing implants.
For patients who have lost movement, this kind of technology could be life-changing. It could help restore a level of independence that once felt out of reach. But here’s where we need to slow down a bit. If a brain chip can turn your brain signals into digital commands, we need to ask who controls that data and how well it is protected.
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BRAIN IMPLANT ENABLES ALS PATIENT TO COMMUNICATE USING AI
China’s NEO brain implant could help some paralysis patients control devices, like prosthetic hands, with their thoughts while raising concerns over brain data privacy. (Tsinghua University)
What is China’s NEO brain chip?
NEO is a brain-computer interface, often called a BCI. These systems read brain activity and translate it into commands for an external device. In this case, the implant uses sensors placed near the brain’s motor-control area. Those signals can help a patient operate equipment such as a robotic glove or computer interface.
What makes NEO especially notable is its placement. Brain-computer interfaces can be designed in different ways, and some go deeper into the brain than others. The company most people know in this space is Neuralink, the brain-chip startup co-founded by Elon Musk. Its implant uses tiny threads that enter the brain’s cortex. NEO takes a less invasive approach by placing electrodes on the dura mater, which is the protective membrane around the brain.
That design matters because every brain implant carries medical risk. Surgery can cause bleeding, swelling, infection or tissue damage. Even a small complication in the wrong part of the brain can affect speech or movement.
China’s approval does not mean brain chips are suddenly available for anyone who wants one. This remains a medical device for a narrow group of patients. Right now, the focus centers on helping people with severe paralysis regain some digital or assisted movement control.
Why China’s brain chip breakthrough matters
The medical upside here is hard to deny. More than three billion people worldwide live with neurological conditions, according to the World Health Organization. That includes people dealing with stroke, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injuries and other serious conditions.
For someone who has spent years unable to move freely or communicate easily, even a small amount of restored control could feel enormous. That is why brain-computer interfaces are getting so much attention. They could give some patients a new way to interact with the world around them.
Neuralink has already shown what that can look like in real life. Audrey Crews, a Neuralink trial participant who has been paralyzed for years, publicly shared that she wrote her name using the implant by controlling her computer.
ELON MUSK SHARES PLAN TO MASS-PRODUCE BRAIN IMPLANTS FOR PARALYSIS, NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE
How China’s brain chip compares with Neuralink
Elon Musk’s Neuralink has attracted most of the public attention in the U.S. brain-chip race. Musk has talked openly about restoring movement, helping people communicate and one day addressing vision loss.
Neuralink received approval to begin human trials, and more than 20 people have reportedly received its implant through testing. However, it has not received broad FDA approval for general commercial use.
China’s NEO approval puts a different kind of pressure on the field. It shows that China wants to move brain-computer interface technology into its health system and build a major industry around it.
This also fits a larger pattern. China has made BCI development part of its strategic technology push. The country wants breakthroughs by 2027 and a globally competitive brain-computer interface industry by 2030.
The coin-sized NEO brain chip rests on the brain’s protective outer layer, making it less invasive than implants that pierce brain tissue. (Tsinghua University)
Why brain chip privacy is such a big concern
We already worry about phones listening, apps tracking location and smart TVs collecting viewing habits. Brain-computer interfaces take that concern to another level.
A BCI collects signals from the nervous system. Today, that may mean decoding movement intent, such as whether a patient wants to move a cursor left or right. But as the technology improves, the data could become more sensitive.
That raises some big questions. Who owns the brain data? Can it be sold, shared or used to train AI systems? Could an insurer, employer or government ever demand access? What happens if a company changes its privacy policy after the implant becomes part of someone’s daily life?
Those questions sound dramatic until you remember how many connected devices began as conveniences and turned into data pipelines.
A brain chip designed for medical help should not become another ad platform, another surveillance tool or another database waiting to be breached.
YOUR HEALTH DATA IS BEING SOLD WITHOUT YOUR CONSENT
Could hackers target brain-computer interfaces?
This is where the whole brain-chip conversation gets very serious. Any device that connects to a computer raises security questions. A brain-computer interface raises even bigger ones because it deals with signals from your body and, in some cases, the devices that help you move or communicate.
The concern here is someone getting access to neural data, device settings or the commands moving between the implant and outside equipment. Think about that for a second. If a brain chip helps someone control a robotic hand, a wheelchair or a communication device, a security failure could affect far more than privacy. It could affect that person’s independence and safety. That to me is scary.
Companies building these devices need to treat cybersecurity like part of the surgery, not some software update they figure out later. Encryption, strict access controls, medical-grade testing and clear update policies should be baked in from day one.
And because a brain implant may stay inside a person’s body for years, long-term support has to be part of the deal. No one should end up with an outdated implant in their head because a company moved on to the next big product launch.
What China’s brain chip means to you
For now, this technology is geared toward patients with serious medical needs. So, no, most of us are not lining up for a brain chip anytime soon. But this should still get your attention.
We already give up a lot of personal data through our phones, watches, cars and smart home devices. A brain implant takes that to a whole different level because the data comes from inside the body. That is about as personal as it gets.
Before this technology moves beyond hospitals and medical trials, patients need plain answers before they agree to anything. They should know who can access the data, how long it gets stored, whether it can be shared and whether it can help train AI systems.
The medical potential here is incredible. Helping someone regain control or communicate again could change a life. But the privacy protections need to be just as strong as the technology itself.
NEURALINK BRAIN IMPLANT HELPS ARIZONA MAN REGAIN CONTROL OF HIS LIFE
Brain-computer interfaces, like Neuralink, pictured here, could restore independence for some patients, but experts say neural data needs strong privacy and cybersecurity protections. (Neuralink)
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Kurt’s key takeaways
China’s NEO brain chip could be a huge step forward for people living with paralysis. If this technology helps someone regain control or communicate again, that is powerful. But I also think we need to be very careful here. Once a device connects your brain signals to outside technology, the privacy stakes change fast. We are talking about data tied to your nervous system. That to me is the line we need to watch closely. Brain chips could do incredible good. But companies and governments need clear limits before this technology moves any further into everyday life. The promise is real. So are the risks. And when the data comes from inside your own head, “trust us” will never be enough.
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Would you ever consider a brain implant if it could restore movement or communication, or does the privacy risk feel too personal to accept? Let us know by writing to us at CyberGuy.com.
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Copyright 2026 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.
Technology
NASA selects Eric Schmidt’s rocket company for a 2028 mission to Mars
Relativity Space, the rocket company led by former Google executive Eric Schmidt, was picked to launch NASA’s Aeolus payload to Mars in 2028, as reported earlier by TechCrunch. Under a new public-private partnership, Relativity Space will provide the “spacecraft, rocket, and cruise operations” to fly Aeolus to Mars, where the payload will “provide the first integrated, daily, global view of Martian winds, temperatures, dust, and clouds.”
The Aeolus payload will have four instruments on board for studying the Martian atmosphere, which NASA says will “directly inform entry, descent, and landing systems and support safer, more predictable mission planning for astronauts.”
Schmidt, who served as CEO of Google from 2001 to 2011, became Relativity Space’s CEO in 2025, a couple of years after it launched the “world’s first 3D-printed rocket,” Terran 1, which failed shortly after launch. Relativity Space’s larger Terran R rocket isn’t scheduled to have its first launch until later this year.
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