• Pittsburgh was under a Code Red air quality alert on Thursday, July 16 due to wildfire smoke.
• The smoke originated from wildfires burning in Canada and Minnesota.
• A Code Red alert indicates unhealthy air quality, while a Code Orange alert means it is unhealthy for sensitive groups.

Pittsburgh was under a code red air quality alert on Thursday, July 16 as wildfire smoke from Canada and Minnesota settled across the city.

The city’s air quality was expected to deteriorate as smoke concentration at ground level increased throughout the day, with the day’s overall air quality forecast as unhealthy due to fine particles carried in smoke, according to Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.

Here’s what to know about Pittsburgh’s air quality.

What’s the air quality in Pittsburgh today?

The morning of July 16, the air quality was moderate, with an Air Quality Index reading of 55, according to AirNow. But it was expected to hit unhealthy levels later in the day, with the overall daily air quality anticipated to reach dangerous levels with an AQI of 175, prompting Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection to issue a Code Red air quality alert. The alert is based on the day’s expected overall air quality and not individual hour-to-hour readings.

Smoke was likely to continue to impact Pittsburgh into the weekend, with a forecast overall daily AQI of 140 on July 17, with the state department of environmental protection issuing a Code Orange air quality alert. This indicates that the air quality may be unhealthy for sensitive groups.

July 18 was likely to see improved conditions, with moderate air quality.

What does a Code Red air quality alert mean?

A Code Red air quality alert indicates that the overall air quality within a day is likely to be unhealthy, with an AQI reading of 151 to 200.

Because the alert is based on the overall air quality for the day, there may be periods of time with better air quality. It’s a good idea to check the current air quality before going outside.

If you have to go outside while the AQI is at unhealthy levels, AirNow recommends avoiding strenuous activities or limiting your time outdoors. It may be a good idea to move outdoor activities indoors.

Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection also encouraged residents to avoid using gas-powered lawn and garden equipment, reducing the use of fireplaces or wood stoves and avoiding the open burning of leaves, trash or other materials in an effort to reduce fine particulate matter air polution.

Gray’s Ice Cream has been scooping cones at a Rhode Island crossroads since 1923. That kind of staying power is what keeps these eight towns on national favorites lists year after year. Newport carries the Gilded Age mansions and a 3.5-mile shoreline walk past their lawns. Woonsocket holds a former church that Yankee Magazine named the Sistine Chapel of America. Tiverton trades on windsurfing beaches and a colonial village full of galleries. Each town here earns a full day, and several reward a whole weekend.

Newport

Newport faces the Atlantic from the southern tip of Aquidneck Island, and USA Today 10Best readers voted it the No. 6 coastal small town in America for 2024. The Cliff Walk runs 3.5 miles between Easton’s Beach and Bailey’s Beach, a National Recreation Trail since 1975, with surf on one side and Gilded Age lawns on the other. Along the way stands The Breakers, the 70-room summer home Cornelius Vanderbilt II completed in 1895, open for tours through the Preservation Society of Newport County. Downtown, Touro Synagogue, dedicated in 1763, remains the oldest synagogue building in the United States and still houses an active congregation. Bowen’s Wharf now stacks restaurants and galleries beside the docks. Newport fits anyone who wants beach days framed in marble.

Middletown

Middletown stretches across the center of Aquidneck Island, and its shoreline carries the day. Sandy crescents at Second Beach and Third Beach bookend a peninsula that ends at Sachuest Point National Wildlife Refuge. Those 242 protected acres host more than 200 bird species on migration, and snowy owls sometimes winter there. Inland, the Norman Bird Sanctuary keeps seven miles of trails across roughly 300 acres; the Hanging Rock route looks down on the refuge and the beach below. Newport Vineyards pours its tastings in Middletown, despite the name, an easy stop on the ride home. Middletown is the pick for visitors who measure a good day in shorebirds and sand.

Portsmouth

Portsmouth crowns the north end of Aquidneck Island and has been settled since 1638, second in age only to Providence among Rhode Island municipalities. Green Animals Topiary Garden clips more than 80 figures from privet, yew, and boxwood on a seven-acre estate above Narragansett Bay. The oldest topiary garden in the country stays in bloom through the warm months, roughly May into October. Glen Manor House, a town-owned French-style manor on the Sakonnet River, presides over the old Glen Farm estate, with the walking paths and picnic groves of Glen Park alongside. Greenvale Vineyards pours estate wines in a tasting room of former horse stalls beside 27 acres of riverside vines. Families head for the shallow water at Sandy Point Beach. Portsmouth works for anyone who likes a coastline with topiary elephants on it.

Tiverton

Tiverton lines the east bank of the Sakonnet River, where shore roads and stone walls funnel day-trippers toward Tiverton Four Corners. Galleries, antique shops, and the Four Corners Arts Center fill buildings dating to the 18th century. Gray’s Ice Cream has been scooping at the crossroads since 1923, with a summer line to prove it. Behind the village, Weetamoo Woods and the adjoining Pardon Gray Preserve spread hundreds of acres of oak forest, old mill ruins, and walking trails. Fogland Beach is a black-stone beach located on Fogland Point, where steady wind draws windsurfers and the views run across to Aquidneck Island. Tiverton makes the case for a slow afternoon that ends with a cone at the crossroads.

Warren

Warren gets introduced as the smallest town in the smallest county in the smallest state, and its few square miles hold an outsized food scene. Blount Clam Shack offers clam cakes beside the docks on Water Street, while the Hope & Main food incubator keeps hatching new food businesses a few blocks inland. The East Bay Bike Path is a 14.5-mile path between Providence and Bristol, dropping riders within a short walk of the waterfront. History holds the center of town too: the Historic Warren Armory still fronts a downtown that grew up on shipbuilding and marine trades. Warren belongs on this list for travelers who plan trips around lunch.

East Greenwich

East Greenwich climbs from Greenwich Cove in a district known as Hill and Harbor, with Main Street running the ridge a block above the water. The Greenwich Odeum opened on that street in 1926 at the tail end of vaudeville and reopened in the fall of 1994 as a performing arts mainstay. Sailboats crowd the cove below Scalloptown Park, named for the shellfishing grounds that once ran the local economy, with walking paths along the bay. The 1773 Varnum House Museum on Peirce Street preserves the home of Continental Army General James Mitchell Varnum. East Greenwich suits travelers who want dinner with a marina view and a show afterward.

North Kingstown

North Kingstown keeps its showpiece in Wickford, a harbor village holding one of the largest collections of 18th-century homes in the Northeast. The Old Narragansett Church was built in 1707 and moved to Wickford in the 1800s. It is also believed to be the oldest Episcopal church building in the northeastern United States. Just north of the village, Smith’s Castle dates to 1678, one of the oldest houses in Rhode Island, built near the site where Roger Williams ran a 1637 trading post. Each summer, the Wickford Art Festival, held since 1962, brings roughly 200 juried artists to Wilson Park. Kayaks trace the edges of one of the best-protected natural harbors on the East Coast.

Woonsocket

Woonsocket bends around the Blackstone River at the state’s northern edge, where mill-era fortunes paid for a cultural inheritance that still surprises first-timers. The St. Ann Arts and Cultural Center holds the largest collection of fresco paintings in North America. Guido Nincheri painted the former church interior over eight years, using hundreds of Woonsocket residents as models. Yankee Magazine later dubbed it the Sistine Chapel of America, and seasonal tours run on Sundays. On Monument Square, the 1926 Stadium Theatre survived the end of vaudeville and a long closure before a 2001 restoration; it now books national acts alongside community productions. The Museum of Work and Culture walks visitors from a Québec farmhouse into the mills that drew thousands of French Canadian families south. Autumnfest closes the season each Columbus Day weekend with carnival rides, craft booths, and fireworks. Woonsocket rewards travelers who like their art with mill-town history attached.

Eight Towns, One Small State

What links these eight towns is less geography than staying power. Newport has drawn visitors to its mansions for more than a century, and Gray’s has scooped at the Tiverton crossroads since 1923. Woonsocket’s frescoes and Wickford’s 18th-century streets reward an afternoon as readily as Newport’s Cliff Walk does. The reputations came from different sources, mansions in one town, a wildlife refuge in another, an art festival in a third, but each holds up to a close look. That is what keeps them on the lists.

Sam Gabriels and Chrissy Bellmeyer were no strangers to living small. Before they met, Bellmeyer designed and lived in a tiny house on wheels and Gabriels spent four years living out of a van, looping the country to organize pop-up farm-to-table dinners alongside Michelin-starred chefs. So, when the couple bought a half-acre lot in Waitsfield, Vermont’s Mad River Valley in a development called the Waitsfield Ten, where neighbors help each other build, 800 square feet didn’t feel like a constraint.

Architectural designer and builder Andy White of Boreal Design started by creating a simple, 20-by-20-foot box that was drywalled, then painted, in a weekend. Inside it, White built the living spaces as independent, self-supporting platforms arranged at staggered heights. He describes the plan as a counter-clockwise spiral: Down one step from the entry into the living room, up two into the kitchen, up one more into the dining room.

The level variations define each space. “If built traditionally with two floor plates and 9-foot ceilings, the house would feel claustrophobic,” White says. “Here, you experience the full interior volume, with long sightlines from corner to corner.”

Without walls dividing the public spaces, rooms morph to fit current needs and individual elements do double or triple duty. For example, the open cubbies that store Gabriels’s vinyl collection are also perches for overflow dinner party guests in the dining room and extra seating in the living room. Initially, White worried — unnecessarily — that the living room was too small and lacked a wall for a television. The couple got a projector and screen, and noted that the deck expands the experience. The mechanicals and storage are under the floors.

Upstairs, the 8-by-12-foot space in front of the primary bedroom is both a closet/dressing area and mini lounge. In the morning, guests might wander over from the second bedroom to chat; during parties, it’s another spot to hang out. “We’re very open people, so it works for us,” Gabriels says. If things change, the couple could add standard-size French doors to hide their bed. The second bedroom, which already has a pocket door for privacy, could absorb the office nook beside it to become a larger bedroom.

The materials palette celebrates what’s commonly available: nothing is precious, everything is considered. Walls and ceilings throughout are CDX fir plywood — construction-grade sheathing that is normally hidden behind drywall. Structural fir posts, usually buried, are left exposed. The couple planed, sanded, and stained the posts and sanded all the plywood, removing lumberyard stamps. In place of galvanized joist hangers, White used inexpensive angle steel, spray-painted black. Running the length of the staircase and bracketing the bedroom thresholds, it’s the home’s signature accent. It matches the exterior siding — corrugated metal that is distinctive, inexpensive, easy to install, and low-maintenance.

Sustainability was non-negotiable. Fourteen-inch-thick, cellulose-filled walls push the dwelling past passive-house standards for insulation and airtightness. They also leave deep window sills that double as seating, plant shelves, and such. The utility bill for the all-electric home averages just over $100 per month (excluding internet).

Decor-wise, color does the talking. The bright yellow kitchen and pink-tiled bath are odes to homes that Gabriels admired in New Mexico, Oregon, and California. “We took a Pacifico beer bottle cap to Home Depot to find the right canary yellow for the kitchen cabinets,” Bellmeyer says.

White says his construction methods make it easy to add onto the home, although the couple has no plans to do so. Rather, they hope to build an ADU to offer housing to others in the community. “This is a mid-income development, making it cheaper than the median house price but not attainable for everyone,” Bellmeyer says.

Meanwhile, they’re grateful for White’s unconventional approach, fulfilling their wish list within the square footage their budget allowed.

White deflects the praise back onto the couple. “The home wouldn’t have come together the way that it did for anyone else; it’s very much theirs,” he says. “Chrissy and Sam’s vision, willingness to take risks and reimagine typical rooms, informed the design more than any specific space-saving or building strategy.”

Architectural designer and builder: Boreal Design, borealdesignvt.com

Cabinetmaker: Han Hewn, hanhewn.com

Marni Elyse Katz is a contributing editor to the Globe Magazine. Follow her on Instagram @StyleCarrot. Send comments to magazine@globe.com.