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Europe’s ‘Granolas’ fuel record stock market surge

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Europe’s ‘Granolas’ fuel record stock market surge

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Eleven companies dubbed the “Granolas” propelled European stocks to a record high this week, with their outsized contribution echoing the better-known “Magnificent Seven” in the US.

The crunchy acronym was coined by Goldman Sachs for pharma companies GSK and Roche, Dutch chip company ASML, Switzerland’s Nestlé and Novartis, Danish drugmaker Novo Nordisk, France’s L’Oréal and LVMH, the UK’s AstraZeneca, German software company SAP and French healthcare firm Sanofi.

In the past 12 months the group has accounted for 50 per cent of gains on the Stoxx Europe 600 index, which hit a new high on Thursday, and for about half of all mergers over the past five years.

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The data suggests Europe is experiencing a similar phenomenon to the US, where fund managers are increasingly concerned about the narrowness of a rally led by tech companies such as Nvidia, which surged to a $2tn valuation on Friday.

“The big keep getting bigger,” said Peter Oppenheimer, Goldman’s chief global equity strategist and head of macro.

“This idea that you were getting significantly increased concentration in the US market has grabbed massive attention, but it’s also being reflected in other markets,” said Oppenheimer. He expected the Granolas to drive “nearly all” of the combined revenue growth of Stoxx 600 companies over the next few years.

The Granolas as a group have climbed 18 per cent over the past 12 months beating the Stoxx 600’s 7.5 per cent rise over the same period.

Over the past three years, the Granolas have performed in line with the US’s Magnificent Seven — a group of technology stocks comprising Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, Tesla, Meta and Nvidia — and with much lower volatility, though they have not kept pace over the past 12 months.

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The Granolas are more diverse than the exclusive tech focus of the Magnificent Seven. The top performer in the past 12 months is Novo Nordisk, which has been boosted by investor enthusiasm over its weight loss and diabetes drugs, and is up 69 per cent.

The Granolas’ share of the Stoxx Europe 600 index has climbed to 25 per cent, approaching the Magnificent Seven’s 28 per cent weighting in the S&P 500. However, the European grouping, which has a combined market capitalisation of about $3tn, is dwarfed by its US peers, which have a combined value of around $13tn.

The Granolas are cheaper than the Magnificent Seven on an earnings multiple, trading at 20 times next year’s forecast earnings, compared with the Magnificent Seven’s 30 times. Both sets of companies are widely seen as having strong balance sheets and healthy margins, and — despite European companies’ reputation for focusing on dividends — invest similar shares of cash flow into research and development and capital expenditure.

Some market participants believe there is too much focus on the performance of the biggest companies, pointing out that major indices have long tended towards top-heaviness and that smaller stocks often perform even better.

“People are fixated on the size of these companies,” said Vontobel portfolio manager David Souccar. “[If] a small-cap compounds by 50 per cent over five years . . . It won’t create as much value as a [Granolas] or Magnificent Seven stock in absolute terms, but my return is better,” he said.

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Line chart of Market cap as percentage of STOXX 600 showing The Granolas’ growing dominance of Europe's benchmark stock index

The US has become increasingly dominant among global equity markets since the financial crisis as near-zero interest rates lifted the valuations of tech groups with strong profit growth.

Over the same period, post-crisis regulation and a decline in oil prices from their 2008 peak knocked the banks and energy groups that form a large part of European bourses. “But now there are pockets of Europe that are doing very, very well,” said Oppenheimer.

Recent rises in interest rates have helped strengthen the position of the biggest companies to the detriment of cyclical and long-duration assets, according to analysts, as banks become more cautious about lending to smaller, supposedly riskier, borrowers.

Most analysts do not expect European and US markets to become less concentrated soon. They point to the rise of passive, index-tracking funds, which automatically pour money into the largest stocks.

Slowing economic growth could hurt smaller, lower-quality companies, although a so-called soft landing for the global economy may lead to a broadening out of the bull market.

“It’s very hard for me to see a trend reversal. The rise of passive investing is going to keep bloating [megacap stocks] up,” said Joachim Klement, head of strategy at broker Liberum. 

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But top-heavy indices could be vulnerable if the biggest companies start to disappoint investors’ high expectations, Klement added. When index heavyweights “screw up operationally, then things can turn sour quite rapidly”.

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Supreme Court blocks redrawing of New York congressional map, dealing a win for GOP

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Supreme Court blocks redrawing of New York congressional map, dealing a win for GOP

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The Supreme Court on Monday intervened in New York’s redistricting process, blocking a lower court decision that would likely have flipped a Republican congressional district into a Democratic district.    
  
At issue is the midterm redrawing of New York’s 11th congressional district, including Staten Island and a small part of Brooklyn. The district is currently held by a Republican, but on Jan. 21, a state Supreme Court judge ruled that the current district dilutes the power of Black and Latino voters in violation of the state constitution.  
  
GOP Rep. Nicole Malliotakis, who represents the district, and the Republican co-chair of the state Board of Elections promptly appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, asking the justices to block the redrawing as an unconstitutional “racial gerrymander.” New York’s congressional election cycle was set to officially begin Feb. 24, the opening day for candidates to seek placement on the ballot.  
  
As in this year’s prior mid-decade redistricting fights — in Texas and California — the Trump administration backed the Republicans.   
 
Voters and the State of New York contended it’s too soon for the Supreme Court to wade into this dispute. New York’s highest state court has not issued a final judgment, so the voters asserted that if the Supreme Court grants relief now “future stay applicants will see little purpose in waiting for state court rulings before coming to this Court” and “be rewarded for such gamesmanship.” The state argues this is an issue for “New York courts, not federal courts” to resolve, and there is sufficient time for the dispute to be resolved on the merits. 
  
The court majority explained the decision to intervene in 101 words, which the three dissenting liberal justices  summarized as “Rules for thee, but not for me.” 
 
The unsigned majority order does not explain the Court’s rationale. It says only how long the stay will last, until the case moves through the New York State appeals courts. If, however, the losing party petitions and the court agrees to hear the challenge, the stay extends until the final opinion is announced. 
 
Dissenting from the decision were Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and Ketanji Brown Jackson. Writing for the three, Sotomayor  said that  if nonfinal decisions of a state trial court can be brought to highest court, “then every decision from any court is now fair game.” More immediately, she noted, “By granting these applications, the Court thrusts itself into the middle of every election-law dispute around the country, even as many States redraw their congressional maps ahead of the 2026 election.” 

Monday’s Supreme Court action deviates from the court’s hands-off pattern in these mid-term redistricting fights this year. In two previous cases — from Texas and California — the court refused to intervene, allowing newly drawn maps to stay in effect.  
  
Requests for Supreme Court intervention on redistricting issues has been a recurring theme this term, a trend that is likely to grow.  Earlier last month  the high court allowed California to use a voter-approved, Democratic-friendly map.  California’s redistricting came in response to a GOP-friendly redistricting plan in Texas that the Supreme Court also permitted to move forward. These redistricting efforts are expected to offset one another.     
   
But the high court itself has yet to rule on a challenge to Louisiana’s voting map, which was drawn by the state legislature after the decennial census in order to create a second majority-Black district.  Since the drawing of that second majority-black district, the state has backed away from that map, hoping to return to a plan that provides for only one majority-minority district.    
     
The Supreme Court’s consideration of the Louisiana case has stretched across two terms. The justices failed to resolve the case last term and chose to order a second round of arguments this term adding a new question: Does the state’s intentional creation of a second majority-minority district violate the constitution’s Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments’ guarantee of the right to vote and the authority of Congress to enforce that mandate?    
Following the addition of the new question, the state of Louisiana flipped positions to oppose the map it had just drawn and defended in court. Whether the Supreme Court follows suit remains to be seen. But the tone of the October argument suggested that the court’s conservative supermajority is likely to continue undercutting the 1965 Voting Rights Act.   

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Map: Earthquake Shakes Central California

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Map: Earthquake Shakes Central California

Note: Map shows the area with a shake intensity of 3 or greater, which U.S.G.S. defines as “weak,” though the earthquake may be felt outside the areas shown.  All times on the map are Pacific time. The New York Times

A minor earthquake with a preliminary magnitude of 3.5 struck in Central California on Monday, according to the United States Geological Survey.

The temblor happened at 7:17 a.m. Pacific time about 6 miles northwest of Pinnacles, Calif., data from the agency shows.

As seismologists review available data, they may revise the earthquake’s reported magnitude. Additional information collected about the earthquake may also prompt U.S.G.S. scientists to update the shake-severity map.

Source: United States Geological Survey | Notes: Shaking categories are based on the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale. When aftershock data is available, the corresponding maps and charts include earthquakes within 100 miles and seven days of the initial quake. All times above are Pacific time. Shake data is as of Monday, March 2 at 10:20 a.m. Eastern. Aftershocks data is as of Monday, March 2 at 11:18 a.m. Eastern.

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US says Kuwait accidentally shot down 3 American jets

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US says Kuwait accidentally shot down 3 American jets

The U.S. and Israel have been conducting strikes against targets in Iran since Saturday morning, with the aim of toppling Tehran’s clerical regime. Iran has fired back, with retaliatory assaults featuring missiles and drones targeting several Gulf countries and American bases in the Middle East.

“All six aircrew ejected safely, have been safely recovered, and are in stable condition. Kuwait has acknowledged this incident, and we are grateful for the efforts of the Kuwaiti defense forces and their support in this ongoing operation,” Central Command said.

“The cause of the incident is under investigation. Additional information will be released as it becomes available,” it added.

In a separate statement later Monday, Central Command said that American forces had been killed during combat since the strikes began.

“As of 7:30 am ET, March 2, four U.S. service members have been killed in action. The fourth service member, who was seriously wounded during Iran’s initial attacks, eventually succumbed to their injuries,” it said.

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Major combat operations continue and our response effort is ongoing. The identities of the fallen are being withheld until 24 hours after next of kin notification,” Central Command added.

This story has been updated.

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