Lifestyle
Connie Chung says booze and bawdy jokes helped her break into journalism's boys club
TONYA MOSLEY, HOST:
This is FRESH AIR. I’m Tonya Mosley. We’re looking back at some of our favorite interviews of the year. Today, pioneering TV journalist Connie Chung. When Chung appeared on television back in the ’70s, it was the first time many Americans had seen an Asian woman reporting the news and setting the national conversation with her interviews with heads of state and controversial figures. For three decades, Chung was a key player in every major news cycle, covering Capitol Hill, the White House, the Pentagon and the State Department. In 1991, she was the first journalist to get a sit-down interview with Magic Johnson just a month after he announced his HIV status.
Connie Chung has worked for ABC, both NBC and MSNBC, CNN and CBS, where she got her start and later became the first woman to co-anchor the CBS Evening News with Dan Rather and the second woman in the history of television news to anchor an evening newscast. I spoke with Chung in September for her memoir, where she gives a behind-the-scenes look at what it took for her to climb to the top of the male-dominated field of TV news. Chung spills the tea on some well-known celebrities and politicians who hit on her and she doesn’t shy away from naming names of people who crossed her and sometimes made her job more difficult than it needed to be. We also talk about one of the more challenging interviews with Donald Trump in 1990.
(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “SATURDAY NIGHT WITH CONNIE CHUNG”)
CONNIE CHUNG: What Donald Trump does, of course, is make a lot of money and make sure everybody knows it – a yacht, a mansion, a bigger mansion, an airline, two casinos, a bigger casino.
DONALD TRUMP: That is really incredible. There’s nothing like it. There’s nothing like this place.
CHUNG: By now, his possessions are more familiar to us than what we have hanging in our own closets. His buildings? Well, you know which one they are.
TRUMP: I sell very great condominiums in New York. I have the best casinos in the world.
CHUNG: They aren’t that great.
TRUMP: They’re the best.
CHUNG: Come on. They’re not the best.
TRUMP: What, the Trump Tower?
CHUNG: Maybe if you can try and answer this question without giving me the normal spiel.
MOSLEY: That’s Connie Chung interviewing Donald Trump in 1990. I asked her what she remembered most about that interview.
(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)
CHUNG: I’ll set the stage; otherwise, I’m going to get myself in such trouble, Tonya. I was doing this program called “Saturday Night With Connie Chung,” and I was the only correspondent because we had another format prior to that, and it really was excoriated, and it tanked. So I had to then go out on stories every week to fill an hour program. I was traveling all over the country in the world and everything. I was pretty darn exhausted. Then the executive producer comes to me and says, we have an interview with Donald Trump. At the time, he had not planned to run on – run for president by any means.
MOSLEY: Right, yeah.
CHUNG: He was a mogul. He was actually a very – he was a tabloid king because he was always on – in the New York tabloids. And that was his – that period of his claim to fame. So I went, I don’t want to. Why are we – whining. Oh, boy, did I whine. And he said…
MOSLEY: Well, you didn’t mince words. I mean, after your interview aired, Trump did what we’ve seen him do to many reporters over the years, and he dug into you ’cause you dug into him.
CHUNG: Well, guilty as charged, I did. And he went on “The Joan Rivers Show,” and at the time, she had a talk show. And he said that I was – he used all those words that he is wont to use with some female journalists, you know? That was…
MOSLEY: He called you a lightweight.
CHUNG: Yeah. And I can’t remember the exact words, but that I was basically stupid and didn’t ask good questions and all of that. So I would see him – my husband is a crazy golfer. You know, my husband, Maury Povich, who’s been…
MOSLEY: Yes.
CHUNG: …Determining the paternity of every child in America.
MOSLEY: Yes (laughter).
CHUNG: You are the father. You are not the father. Well, in addition to that, my husband is a very good golfer as well. I would see Donald Trump at celebrity golf tournaments in which my husband was playing. And he ghosted me, essentially. He – it was as if I were invisible. I wasn’t there. Maury would say, you know Connie. And I was just invisible.
MOSLEY: You started in the early ’70s, and in many instances, you were the only woman among these guys. In particular, you write about being on the road covering the 1972 presidential campaign. You were traveling, essentially with the press corps of all men. And you realized that being funny was a way to disarm or diffuse. But did it ever feel dangerous?
CHUNG: No. No, it wasn’t dangerous. It was just fraught with sexism. And, I mean, I think they all saw me as this unusual little toy. And I…
MOSLEY: They almost seemed you like a delight, like, almost a novelty…
CHUNG: Yes.
MOSLEY: …Kind of tinged with fetish behavior. But that was until you started to scoop them.
CHUNG: (Laughter) Well, they did – they were surprised when I came up with a story that they didn’t have. It was a little competition, you know, and I loved the competition. So I just developed this sense of humor, and what I did was I tried to get them before they got me. And I had this propensity to be much too bawdy. And it was antithetical to what I looked like. You know, I looked like a lotus blossom, and they were appalled that I had the audacity to use a bad word. But at the same time, they found it very comical.
MOSLEY: There’s this story that you tell about being a Goody Two-shoes. Is it Timothy Crouse? He wrote in his book, “The Boys On The Bus,” which is about covering the ’72 presidential campaign, that – he says this about you, quote, “TV correspondents would join the wee-hour poker games or drinking. Connie Chung, the pretty Chinese CBS correspondent, occupied the room next to mine. And she always was back by midnight, reciting a final 60-second radio spot into her Sony or absorbing one last press release before getting a good night’s sleep.” And the next morning, he noted, you would be up and at them with the other reporters – all guys – and they were staving off a hangover. But the thing about it was, they would always scoop you, even still. You were in your room doing all of that hard work, and they were at the bar getting to know the sources.
CHUNG: You got it. And when I realized that, and I did because I would call the assignment editor in Washington, the overnight assignment editor, and I’d say, what broke overnight? Or what’s the – what’s on the front page of The New York Times, Washington Post, Boston Globe, LA Times, whatever? Whatever he had access to or whatever was released early enough. And I realized that they were getting stories. And it suddenly dawned on me they were saucing up the campaign manager and everyone who worked for the candidate and letting them spill the beans. So I said, end of staying in my room. I’m going down to the bar. And I did.
MOSLEY: Yeah.
CHUNG: I could drink when I was in college. I learned how to, you know, take a few down and still stay sane. I wasn’t driving anywhere. I was just walking back to my room. And therein lies a great way to learn how to be a reporter.
MOSLEY: Right, right. You had to get in there. You had to do that – play that game.
CHUNG: Exactly. The only place I couldn’t enter where the men were, obviously, was the men’s room.
MOSLEY: Yeah.
CHUNG: And they got stories there. You know, I couldn’t…
MOSLEY: That was – yeah.
CHUNG: …Infiltrate the men’s room.
MOSLEY: Your book, as well as this book I read a few months ago, it’s a biography about Barbara Walters. It just showcases how even at the height of your career – because you were very well known then – you were out there getting your own stories.
CHUNG: You know, Barbara Walters taught me that. I knew that she picked up the phone herself. She wrote a letter. She faxed. She called. She nudged. She would say, let’s have lunch. And I recall it being Barbered (ph). And she – Barbara Barbered me. When we were – when I was fired from the CBS Evening News, she called me and started trying to get the first interview with me when I emerged from my bunker. It was just remarkable.
You know, Barbara and I had a lot in common. I – she was clearly the pioneer and paved our way. But she was the breadwinner in her family because her father’s nightclubs tanked, and she had to take care of her mother and her father, support her mother and her father and her disabled sister. I was the breadwinner in my family as well for my mother and father. I supported them for – till the day they died. From about 25 on, I was their parent. We both co-anchored with someone who despised us, a man. We were both fired after two years. We both adopted a child. We both married nice Jewish boys. Although, I think Barbara married maybe two or three (laughter).
MOSLEY: Yeah.
CHUNG: But, you know, I really did – I admired Barbara because she paved our way.
MOSLEY: Let’s take a short break. If you’re just joining us, my guest is Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir that chronicles her life growing up with her four older sisters and parents who migrated from China and her career as the first woman and Asian American to anchor a national network news program in the U.S. We’ll continue our conversation after a short break. This is FRESH AIR. This is FRESH AIR. Today, I am talking with trailblazing television journalist Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir about her life and career in television news, titled “Connie: A Memoir.” The book chronicles her parents’ harrowing migration from China to the U.S., her first job in television news, breaking major news stories, interviewing luminaries and how she made history as the first woman to co-anchor the “CBS Evening News” and the first Asian to anchor a news program in the United States.
Connie, you’ve mentioned your husband, Maury Povich. You all have been married for nearly 40 years. You got married late, 38 years old. No matter how much it seems to be common knowledge – ’cause even for a time you guys had a show together – there’s always somebody in the room that’s surprised you two are a couple. And it’s surprising, I think, because your personas are so different – your public personas. But as you write in this book, you all seem to be the perfect match. When did you realize that?
CHUNG: I’m still wondering how come we are the perfect…
(LAUGHTER)
CHUNG: …Match, you know, because we are so different. But the public personas belie what is really behind our door. And the reason why I say that is because he, although he does this – has been determining the paternity of every child in America and utters these, you know, words, you are the father, and you are not the father. He is…
MOSLEY: Do you joke with him about that at home. I just get the feeling.
CHUNG: Yeah, I tease him. And – but also, he says, I’m just a trashy talk show host. So he he’s a very down-to-earth, realistic guy. He’s – what belies his public persona is that he is very much a voracious reader. He’s a political buff. He’s a history buff. He could run circles around these pseudo-intellectuals who do interviews with important people. And I always say that to him. Why don’t you do a serious talk show? And he says – and I said, you’re so smart. And people don’t know how smart you are. And he says, as long as you know that, I’m fine. And I thought, oh, my goodness. What a guy.
MOSLEY: Is it also an indication of two different things that drive you, both?
CHUNG: Yes. The difference is, I am not serious. And you now know that, Tonya, because you’ve read my book. And I – he has to curb my enthusiasm because I’m liable to do something off-the-wall. It is not he who would do something off-the-wall. It is I. And he has to talk me out of it. Because I say, why? You would do it. And he’d say, no, you have a reputation to uphold.
MOSLEY: The thing about it is that publicly, what you do is that it seems like you’re always explaining to people who Maury Povich really is behind, I am not the father. And I did not realize that you actually have been doing this even before Maury had the Maury Povich show. Back when he was on “A Current Affair,” there’s this legendary skit that you and David Letterman did back in 1989. You were a regular guest on the show, and he decided to do a skit outside of the studio with you, ’cause you guys had really great chemistry when you were on the show. The jokes always really landed. And I want to play a clip from this skit that you all did. What we are going to hear is you and David going to a shoe store to buy shoe trees for Maury Povich, for your husband. And David is being really snarky about your relationship. Let’s listen.
(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “LATE NIGHT WITH DAVID LETTERMAN”)
DAVID LETTERMAN: Connie, let’s check in here. Hi. We need to pick up some special order shoe trees.
UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #1: Hello.
DAVID LETTERMAN: Hi. How are you?
UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #1: Oh, my God.
DAVID LETTERMAN: Nice to see you. Special-order shoe trees for Connie’s husband, Murray (ph).
CHUNG: Maury.
DAVID LETTERMAN: He has problem feet. We had to special order them.
CHUNG: He doesn’t have problem feet.
DAVID LETTERMAN: This is why. He has extra-wide feet.
CHUNG: No, no. I think they’re right over here.
UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #1: Right over…
DAVID LETTERMAN: Oh, those are beauties.
UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #2: Yeah, they are.
DAVID LETTERMAN: Look at those, Connie.
CHUNG: That’s great.
DAVID LETTERMAN: What exactly do…
UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #2: Cedarwood.
DAVID LETTERMAN: What’s the purpose of shoe trees? What do they do?
UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #2: Keeps the – keep the shape of the shoes, all right?
DAVID LETTERMAN: Well, don’t your feet do that?
Let me buy the shoe trees.
CHUNG: No. Really? no.
DAVID LETTERMAN: All right. Turn off the cameras. Turn off the cameras. See, if you – on “60 Minutes,” if you can get a guy to do that on camera…
CHUNG: Yeah.
DAVID LETTERMAN: …Say, turn off the – then you’re set for life to…
CHUNG: Yes, you’re right.
DAVID LETTERMAN: How much is it?
CHUNG: But, David, I can’t have you pay for this, really.
DAVID LETTERMAN: Stop the whining.
CHUNG: No.
DAVID LETTERMAN: Just don’t whine, please.
CHUNG: No, I’m paying for it. Maury’s going to be very upset.
DAVID LETTERMAN: He won’t know. How will he know?
CHUNG: ‘Cause it’s going to be on the show.
DAVID LETTERMAN: No, he’s never – yeah, like he stays up to see this.
CHUNG: He does.
(LAUGHTER)
DAVID LETTERMAN: Pretty much dozes off in his food, doesn’t he?
(LAUGHTER)
CHUNG: I can’t believe you found that clip and you used it (laughter).
MOSLEY: Well, that was you. That was our – my guest today, Connie Chung, with David Letterman on the show in 1989. Connie, he couldn’t even say Maury’s name right. I mean, that was part of the bit, right? You’re always taking up for your husband, huh?
CHUNG: Yes. Oh, he refused to call him Maury. He would always call him Morty (ph), Murray, Marvey (ph), I mean, whatever. And it – I said – he said, do you want to go out for pizza sometime? And I said, sure. Can I bring Maury? And he’d say, no.
MOSLEY: But, you know, I wanted to play this clip because he’s making fun of Maury, and it’s funny. But I wondered if this kind of view of your relationship – you being this revered, highly-respected journalist, Maury being seen more as a tabloid journalist – did it ever have an impact on your relationship?
CHUNG: Oh, no. Maury is very secure in who he is. I mean, it’s the biggest thing I admire about my husband. He knows he is this very, very intelligent person. And he has – he’s had a storied career as a journalist for many, many years. Then he hit upon the current type of talk show. When he was doing a talk show in Washington, D.C., he was interviewing authors and politicians – I mean, every author from Gore Vidal to Tom Wolfe to Maya Angelou. And it was a classic old talk show. And he did cooking segments with (impersonating Julia Child) Julia Child.
And he did – during Watergate, he was in the thick of it. You know, he covered Kennedy’s funeral, JFK’s funeral – covered Martin Luther King’s assassination. So he’s an old-fashioned journalist.
MOSLEY: Yeah.
CHUNG: Then he hits upon the talk show circuit, and one of his producers comes up with the idea of the paternity of every child in America. Suddenly – so he has six and a half million Facebook followers and a million Instagram followers, and he’s become this – a walking meme. And it’s just a big kick for him. He’s – he can wax poetic about what his actually – what he actually accomplishes by determining the paternity of children, and fathers, you know, resume paying for their children instead of denying their existence. So it’s a funny – he doesn’t care what critics say, and I always care. So we have completely different views.
MOSLEY: His memoir is the one that I want to read next. But you actually say if it wasn’t for Maury, you really wouldn’t have the career that you have.
CHUNG: No. He talked me off the ledge many times when I came home, and I said to him, do you know what so-and-so said to me today? And he would say, don’t think about it. Don’t take him seriously. Take your work seriously. Don’t take yourself seriously. Don’t take the critics seriously. Let’s have dinner.
(LAUGHTER)
CHUNG: And I would seriously calm down.
MOSLEY: Our guest today is Connie Chung. We’ll be right back after a short break. I’m Tonya Mosley, and this is FRESH AIR. This is FRESH AIR. I’m Tonya Mosley, and today my guest is award-winning journalist Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir about her life and career in television news. She takes us, in the book, behind the scenes of her news career from the showdowns with powerful men to the stories behind some of her career-defining reporting. In 1993, Chung became the first woman to coanchor the “CBS Evening News.” And a few years ago, Chung learned about a phenomenon. From the late ’70s through the mid-’90s, Asian American parents, inspired by seeing Chung on TV, named their daughters Connie, forming the Connie generation.
You know, Connie, your career, it’s not a straight line in that you had to play offense and defense. And you had to be strategic to get the big stories and the interviews. And many times, you won. That’s why you’re so successful. You got what you wanted, but it was never a straight line to get there. And one of the things that you really struggled with is being put on the celebrity beat. Yet, your news bosses felt like you were the one to do those, especially in the ’90s. You were assigned to cover, like, the O.J. murder trial and the Nancy Kerrigan and Tonya Harding skating fiasco.
These assignments were, like, an indication of something bigger happening in network television news. There was kind of this shift towards sensationalized journalism and this, like, information saturation at the same time, where the news is always on. And you were in the thick of that. That was really, like, your prime. How did you grapple with that at the time, with your news bosses basically pushing you in that direction?
CHUNG: Well, the problem was that the men could not be pushed into that direction. At CBS News, Dan Rather, who was my coanchor, wouldn’t touch it. At “60 Minutes,” it was all men at the time, and they wouldn’t touch it. They wanted nothing to do with O.J. Simpson. And, frankly, I didn’t either. But the management would come to me and say, Barbara Walters is getting X, Diane Sawyer is getting Y and Katie Couric is getting Z. You have to do this for the team, you know? I said, I don’t want to. I don’t see the value in it. It’s tabloid. I don’t know. You know, Tonya, I have a lot of regrets, but that was one of the biggest ones, of being the good girl.
MOSLEY: Allowing yourself to be put in that…
CHUNG: Yeah. Absolutely.
MOSLEY: …That category of the entertainment?
CHUNG: Or being told what to do, resisting but never being able to put my foot down and say, I am not doing it. Go find somebody else.
MOSLEY: Well, in hindsight, was there a way to do that? What would’ve happened, do you think, if you had said that?
CHUNG: I don’t know. I really don’t know. I think they just knew I would acquiesce. I wish I had pushed them and put my foot down to take a stand.
MOSLEY: Well, the thing about the interviews that you did, you really did bring yourself to them. You tried to make them a Connie Chung interview. One of the celebrity interviews that you went after yourself was NBA basketball star Magic Johnson…
CHUNG: Yes.
MOSLEY: …Shortly after he announced he was HIV positive. And I want to play a clip of your interview with him. It was for your show “Face To Face” in 1991. Let’s listen.
(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “FACE TO FACE WITH CONNIE CHUNG”)
CHUNG: You’ve known about a month now that you test positive for HIV. How are you handling it? I mean, I get the feeling, see, you put the game face on for me, (laughter) you know, and that you really have some feelings that are down deep in here that you don’t really want to share with me.
MAGIC JOHNSON: Well, first of all, I share – you know, I’ve never shared my life with anybody publicly, you know, because that’s just me. You know, at home is at home. Now, what you want to give to the public, that’s what you give. Now, with this situation, I’ve given everything from my heart.
CHUNG: Really?
JOHNSON: Yeah. I mean, I came out to say I have it to help people.
MOSLEY: That was my guest, Connie Chung, interviewing Magic Johnson in 1991, just a month after he announced that he was HIV-positive. And, Connie, I know you just mentioned how you really didn’t want to do the celebrity interview because who cares if – you know, about someone’s personal life? But this was a story that had such cultural and social significance because of HIV at that time frame. How did you get that exclusive?
CHUNG: You’re so right, Tonya. The reason why I wanted to get it was because HIV/AIDS was at the – it was a front burner story. And when Magic sacrificed himself and his reputation, his career, everything, and came out, he was such a gem. I used to kind of know Magic because I did the news in Los Angeles. And when he came on live with the sports reporter at the time, he would always say, with his big, beautiful smile, say hi to Connie. And I would (laughter) – you know, he’s just an – his smile is infectious. And he actually asked me to go have some soul food with him and his very tall friends. And we went to Maurice’s Snack ‘n’ Chat, and it was the most incredible gravy-covered fried chicken I had ever had in my life. And I wolfed it down. At that time, I was young. You know, I could eat anything I wanted, and it didn’t show up in bad places. Now there’s a festival going on below my waist.
(LAUGHTER)
CHUNG: I said, where the heck did that come from? But it – I thought to myself, I can get that interview because I know him and I’m kind of his friend. And then when I called some other people in LA, they all said, oh, Magic’s my friend, I’ll be able to get that interview. But I thought, uh-oh. You know…
MOSLEY: But you actually did it.
CHUNG: I did.
MOSLEY: How did you do it?
CHUNG: I flew to LA, went straight to his agent’s office and I squatted. I actually became a squatter. I sat outside his office. His assistant said, you know, he’s not going to do – the agent is not going to talk to you, and Magic is not going to do the interview with – and I said, but I’m his friend. And she said, yeah, everybody’s his friend. So I sat down and I said, I’m not leaving until he leaves to go home. So I squatted. And he had only one door to get out. Finally agreed to…
MOSLEY: And he had to pass you, yeah.
CHUNG: Yeah. And somehow, he talked to Magic, and Magic said OK. I was just so happy because it was a big interview, and Magic was too kind.
MOSLEY: Let’s take a short break. If you’re just joining us, my guest is Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir that chronicles her life growing up with her four older sisters and parents, who migrated from China, and her career as the first woman and Asian American to anchor a national network news program in the U.S. We’ll continue our conversation after a short break. This is FRESH AIR. This is FRESH AIR. Today, I am talking with trailblazing television journalist Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir about her life and career in television news titled “Connie: A Memoir.” The book chronicles her parents’ harrowing migration from China to the U.S., her first job in television news, breaking major news stories, interviewing luminaries and how she made history as the first woman to coanchor the “CBS Evening News” and the first Asian to anchor a news program in the United States.
You mentioned being fired from the “CBS Evening News.” But it was the day that you were named coanchor with Dan Rather. You call it the best day of your professional life. It was May 14, 1993. And it was a huge deal because Barbara was the only other woman to ever anchor an evening news program. But this relationship that you had with Dan Rather, how would you describe it?
CHUNG: On the surface, it was very superficially normal-ish. I mean, we seemed as if we were both professional and doing our jobs, but it was pretty clear to me that he didn’t want me there. I don’t blame him totally because he had owned Walter Cronkite’s chair for many years and had to move over a few inches to make room for me. I became the first coanchor at CBS. And he really – I think they must have held a gun to his head because I can’t imagine that he would’ve done it voluntarily. So there I was. And I do believe that had I been another man, had I been an animal, had I been a plant, he would not have wanted me to share. He would not have wanted anyone to share that seat with him. It was not his cup of tea.
MOSLEY: Well, there were so many rules back then with male and female anchor pairings, one being that men had the upper hand on who even spoke first.
CHUNG: Yes. Jane Pauley had to endure that when she was coanchoring with men.
MOSLEY: And you found that out when you were filling in for her on the “Today” show.
CHUNG: Yeah, could not say good morning and could not say goodbye.
MOSLEY: Bryant Gumbel had to say it first.
CHUNG: That’s right. And she fought it, and she acknowledged that she lost. And I didn’t know that at the time. I thought, how could she acquiesce to this kind of ridiculous rule? And so I tried, and I lost, too. So I was, you know, hoping that I could set a new term for my substitution period when I was substituting for her during her pregnancies.
MOSLEY: Do you still have that thing you referenced many times in the book, do you still have that male envy…
CHUNG: I do.
MOSLEY: …In spite of all of your accomplishments? Yeah. How does that show itself? Like, what is that envy, just the power that they have?
CHUNG: Yes, it’s the automatic respect that men get just by virtue of the fact that they’re men. I think we are perpetually trying to prove ourselves. And I think we’ve made great progress. I think women and minorities have made great progress. But Asians suffer this incredible Asian hate these days, which has reverted back to a peculiar – I mean, not peculiar, but horrible results. Women have not reached the level of parity. I think we can’t sort of quietly sit and see if it’s going to happen. We just need to continue to move forward.
MOSLEY: I know that you talk with a lot of young folks who are television correspondents and reporters and anchors. And you watch the news now. Do you see a difference? Do you see a change in that dynamic? What do you notice when you watch TV news today?
CHUNG: Well, I really appreciate the investigative reporting in television news, in all print everywhere. Any time I see an investigative report, I’m impressed. What I don’t like, of course, is if I see opinion. And there’s a lot of that. I would really like the news to swing back to objective, honest, credible straight news. And I know a lot of people – you know, people I just run into – want facts. That’s all they want.
MOSLEY: Do you miss it?
CHUNG: Only when I see – when I’m watching an interview on television, I want to throw my shoe at it if somebody isn’t asking the question, the next question that I would ask, you know, doesn’t do a follow-up. It’s very strange. I miss that, the interviews and being able to dig deeper, but I also miss the joy of going after a story that’s worthy. And I know it sounds really old-fashioned, but it’s the – if I can change a government wrong or change an attitude regarding social ills or whatever, something like that, I think it’s so gratifying. And I know a lot of my friends still feel that way as well. And they get to do it sometimes. But sometimes the ball is rolling over them, and they’re just lucky to be still in the business. And I’m happy for them because I’m looking in from the outside.
MOSLEY: Connie Chung, thank you so much for this conversation.
CHUNG: Tonya, I think you did the best interview that I’ve done on this – that I’ve ever done, seriously. You’re a hottie not only as you – I’ve seen in pictures…
(LAUGHTER)
CHUNG: But you’re a really, really good interviewer, too.
MOSLEY: Well, this was such a pleasure, Connie.
CHUNG: Thank you, Tonya. You were great. I mean, seriously.
MOSLEY: Connie Chung. I spoke with her in September when her memoir, “Connie,” was released. Coming up, jazz historian Kevin Whitehead looks back at the musicians we lost this year. This is FRESH AIR.
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Jean Muenchrath
In early May 1982, Jean Muenchrath and her boyfriend set out on a mountaineering trip in the Sierra Nevada, a mountain range in California. They had done many backcountry trips in the area before, so the terrain was somewhat familiar to both of them. But after they reached one of the summits, a violent storm swept in. It began to snow heavily, and soon the pair was engulfed in a blizzard, with thunder and lightning reverberating around them.
“Getting struck and killed by lightning was a real possibility since we were the highest thing around for miles and lightning was striking all around us,” Muenchrath said.
To reach safer ground, they decided to abandon their plan of taking a trail back. Instead, using their ice axes, they climbed down the face of the mountain through steep and icy snow chutes.
They were both skilled at this type of descent, but at one particularly difficult part of the route, Muenchrath slipped and tumbled over 100 feet down the rocky mountain face. She barely survived the fall and suffered life-threatening injuries.

This was before cellular or satellite phones, so calling for help wasn’t an option. The couple was forced to hike through deep snow back to the trailhead. Once they arrived, Muenchrath collapsed in the parking lot. It had been five days since she’d fallen.
”My clothes were bloody. I had multiple fractures in my spine and pelvis, a head injury and gangrene from a deep wound,” Muenchrath said.
Not long after they reached the trailhead parking lot, a car pulled in. A man was driving, with his wife in the passenger seat and their baby in the back. As soon as the man saw Muenchrath’s condition, he ran over to help.
”He gently stroked my head, and he held my face [and] reassured me by saying something like, ‘You’re going to be OK now. I’ll be right back to get you,’” Muenchrath remembered.
For the first time in days, her panic began to lift.
“My unsung hero gave me hope that I’d reach a hospital and I’d survive. He took away my fears.”
Within a few minutes, the man had unpacked his car. His wife agreed to stay back in the parking lot with their baby in order to make room for Muenchrath, her boyfriend and their backpacks.
The man drove them to a nearby town so that the couple could get medical treatment.
“I remember looking into the eyes of my unsung hero as he carried me into the emergency room in Lone Pine, California. I was so weak, I couldn’t find the words to express the gratitude I felt in my heart.”

The gratitude she felt that day only grew. Now, nearly 45 years later, she still thinks about the man and his family.
”He gave me the gift of allowing me to live my life and my dreams,” Muenchrath said.
At some point along the way, the man gave Muenchrath his contact information. But in the chaos of the day, she lost it and has never been able to find him.
”If I knew where my unsung hero was today, I would fly across the country to meet him again. I’d hug him, buy him a meal and tell him how much he continues to mean to me by saving my life. Wherever you are, I say thank you from the depths of my being.”
My Unsung Hero is also a podcast — new episodes are released every Tuesday. To share the story of your unsung hero with the Hidden Brain team, record a voice memo on your phone and send it to myunsunghero@hiddenbrain.org.
Lifestyle
DTLA has a new theater — inside a fake electrical box
By day, you’d be forgiven for walking past the newest theater in downtown L.A.
It isn’t hidden in an alley or obscured via a nameless door. No, this performance space is essentially a theater in disguise, as it’s designed to look like an electrical box — a fabrication so real that when artist S.C. Mero was installing it in the Arts District, police stopped her, concerned she was ripping out its copper wire. (There is no copper wire inside this wooden nook.)
Open the door to the theater, and discover a place of urban enchantment, where a red velvet door and crimson wallpaper beckon guests to come closer and sit inside. That is, if they can fit.
With a mirror on its side and a clock in its back, Mero’s creation, about 6 feet tall and 3 feet deep yet smaller on its interior, looks something akin to an intimate, private boudoir — the sort of dressing room that wouldn’t be out of place in one of Broadway’s historic downtown theaters. That’s by design, says Mero, who cites the ornately romanticized vibe and color palette of the Los Angeles Theatre as prime inspiration. Mero, a longtime street artist whose guerrilla art regularly dots the downtown landscape, likes to inject whimsy into her work: a drainage pipe that gives birth, a ball pit for rats or the transformation of a dilapidated building into a “castle.” But there’s just as often some hidden social commentary.
With her Electrical Box Theatre, situated across from the historic American Hotel and sausage restaurant and bar Wurstküche, Mero set out to create an impromptu performance space for the sort of experimental artists who no longer have an outlet in downtown’s galleries or more refined stages. The American Hotel, for instance, subject of 2018 documentary “Tales of the American” and once home to the anything-goes punk rock ethos of Al’s Bar, still stands, but it isn’t lost on Mero that most of the neighborhood’s artist platforms today are softer around the edges.
Ethan Marks inside S.C. Mero’s theater inside a fake electrical box. The guerrilla art piece is near the American Hotel.
(Kayla Bartkowski / Los Angeles Times)
“A lot of galleries are for what can sell,” Mero says. “Usually that’s paintings and wall art.”
She dreamed, however, of an anti-establishment place that could feel inviting and erase boundaries between audience and perfomer. “People may be intimidated to get up on a stage or at a coffee shop, but here it’s right on street level.”
It’s already working as intended, says Mero. I visited the box early last week when Mero invited a pair of experimental musicians to perform. Shortly after trumpeter Ethan Marks took to the sidewalk, one of the American Hotel’s current residents leaned out his window and began vocally and jovially mimicking the fragmented and angular notes coming from the instrument. In this moment, “the box,” as Mero casually refers to it, became a true communal stage, a participatory call-and-response pulpit for the neighborhood.
Clown Lars Adams, 38, peers out of S.C. Mero’s theater inside a fake electrical box. Mero modeled the space off of Broadway’s historic theaters.
(Kayla Bartkowski / Los Angeles Times)
A few days prior, a rideshare driver noticed a crowd and pulled over to read his poetry. He told Mero it was his first time. The unscripted occurrence, she says, was “one of the best moments I’ve ever experienced in making art.”
“That’s literally what this space is,” Mero says. “It’s for people to try something new or to experiment.”
Marks jumped at the chance to perform for free inside the theater, his brassy freewheeling equally complementing and contrasting the sounds of the intersection. “I was delighted,” he says, when Mero told him about the stage. “There’s so much unexpectedness to it that as an improviser, it really keeps you in the moment.”
A downtown resident for more than a decade, Mero has become something of an advocate for the neighborhood. The area arguably hasn’t returned to its pre-pandemic heights, as many office floors sit empty and a string of high-profile restaurant closures struck the community. Mero’s own gallery at the corner of Spring and Seventh streets shuttered in 2024. Downtown also saw its perception take a hit last year when ICE descended on the city center and national media incorrectly portrayed the hood as a hub of chaos.
Artist S.C. Mero looks into her latest project, a fake electrical box in the Arts District. Mero has long been associated with street art in the neighborhood.
(Kayla Bartkowski / Los Angeles Times)
“A lot has changed in the 13 years when I first got down here,” Mero says. “Everybody felt like it was magic, like we were going to be part of this renaissance and L.A. was going to have this epicenter again. Then it descended. A lot of my friends left. But I still see the same beauty in it. The architecture. The history. Downtown is the most populous neighborhood in all of L.A. because it belongs to everybody. It’s everybody’s downtown, whether they love it or not. And I feel we are part of history.”
Art today in downtown ranges from high-end galleries such as Hauser & Wirth to the graffiti-covered towers of Oceanwide Plaza. Gritty spaces, such as Superchief Gallery, have been vocal about struggles to stay afloat. Mero’s art, meanwhile, remains a source of optimism throughout downtown’s streets.
At Pershing Square, for instance, sits her “Spike Cafe,” a mini tropical hideaway atop a parking garage sign where umbrellas and finger food props have become a prettier nesting spot for pigeons. Seen potentially as a vision for beautification, a contrast, for instance, from the nature intrusive barbs that aim to deter wildlife, “Spike Cafe” has become a statement of harmony.
Elsewhere, on the corner of Broadway and Fourth streets, Mero has commandeered a once historic building that’s been burned and left to rot. Mero, in collaboration with fellow street artist Wild Life, has turned the blighted space into a fantastical haven with a knight, a dragon and more — a decaying castle from a bygone era.
“A lot of times people are like, ‘I can’t believe you get away with that!’ But most people haven’t tried to do it, you know?” Mero says. “It can be moved easily. It’s not impeding on anyone. I don’t feel I do anything bad. Not having a permit is just a technicality. I believe what I’m doing is right.”
Musician Jeonghyeon Joo, 31, plays the haegeum outside of S.C. Mero’s latest art project, a theater in a faux electrical box.
(Kayla Bartkowski / Los Angeles Times)
After initially posting her electrical box on her social media, Mero says she almost instantly received more than 20 requests to perform at the venue. Two combination locks keep it closed, and Mero will give out the code to those she trusts. “Some people want to come and play their accordion. Another is a tour guide,” Mero says.
Ultimately, it’s an idea, she says, that she’s had for about a decade. “Everything has to come together, right? You have to have enough funds to buy the supplies, and then the skills to to have it come together.”
And while it isn’t designed to be forever, it is bolted to the sidewalk. As for why now was the right time to unleash it, Mero is direct: “I needed the space,” she says.
There are concerns. Perhaps, Mero speculates, someone will change the lock combination, knocking her out of her own creation. And the more attention brought to the box via media interviews means more scrutiny may be placed on it, risking its confiscation by city authorities.
As a street artist, however, Mero has had to embrace impermanence, although she acknowledges it can be a bummer when a piece disappears in a day or two. And unlike a gallerist, she feels an obligation to tweak her work once it’s out in the world. Though her “Spike Cafe” is about a year old, she says she has to “continue to babysit it,” as pigeons aren’t exactly known for their tidiness.
But Mero hopes the box has a life of its own, and considers it a conversation between her, local artists and downtown itself. “I still think we’re part of something special,” Mero says of living and working downtown.
And, at least for now, it’s the neighborhood with arguably the city’s most unique performance venue.
Lifestyle
A glimpse of Iran, through the eyes of its artists and journalists
Understanding one of the world’s oldest civilizations can’t be achieved through a single film or book. But recent works of literature, journalism, music and film by Iranians are a powerful starting point. Clockwise from top left: The Seed of the Sacred Fig, For The Sun After Long Nights, Cutting Through Rocks, It Was Just an Accident, Martyr!, and Kayhan Kalhor.
NEON; Pantheon; Gandom Films Production; NEON; Vintage; Julia Gunther for NPR
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NEON; Pantheon; Gandom Films Production; NEON; Vintage; Julia Gunther for NPR
Few Americans have had the opportunity to visit or explore Iran, an ethnically diverse nation of over 90 million people which has been effectively shut off from the United States since the Iranian revolution of 1979. Now, with a U.S. and Israeli-led war on Iran underway, the ideas, feelings and opinions of Iranians may feel less accessible. However, some recent books, films and music made by artists and journalists in Iran and from the Iranian diaspora can help illuminate this ancient culture and its contemporary politics.
These suggestions are just a starting point, of course — with an emphasis on recent works made by Iranians themselves, rather than by outsiders looking in.
Books
For the Sun After Long Nights: The Story of Iran’s Women-Led Uprising, by Fatemeh Jamalpour and Nilo Tabrizy
There are quite a few excellent titles that deconstruct the history of Iran from ancient times through the rule of the Pahlavi Dynasty to the Iranian Revolution. But there are far fewer books that help us understand the Iran of 2026 and the people who live there now. One standout is the National Book Award-nominated For the Sun After Long Nights: The Story of Iran’s Women-Led Uprising by journalists Fatemeh Jamalpour and Nilo Tabrizy, which chronicles — almost in real time — the Woman, Life, Freedom movement that began in 2022, during which Jamalpour was working secretly as a journalist in Tehran. In 2024-25, Jamalpour (who is now living in exile in the U.S.) and I spent a year together at the University of Michigan’s Knight-Wallace fellowship for journalists; her insights into contemporary Iran are among the best.
Gold, by Rumi, translated by Haleh Liza Gafori
If Americans are familiar with Persian poetry at all, it may well be through popular “translations” of the 13th-century Sufi poet Jalaluddin Rumi done by the late American poet Coleman Barks, who neither read nor spoke the Persian language and detached the works of Molana (“our master”), as Iranians call him, of references to Islam. (Instead, Barks “interpreted” preexisting English translations.)
In 2022, Iranian-American poet, performance artist and singer Haleh Liza Gafori offered the first volume of a corrective, in the form of fresh Rumi translations that are at once accessible, deeply contemplative and immediate. A second volume, Water, followed last year.
Martyr!: A Novel, by Kaveh Akbar
This 2024 debut novel by Kaveh Akbar, the poetry editor at The Nation, is an unflinching tour-de-force bursting with wit and insight into the complications of diaspora, the nature of identity in a post-War on Terror world and the inter-generational impact of the 1979 Revolution on Iranians. The protagonist, the Iran-born but American-raised Cyrus Shams, has struggled with addiction, depression and insomnia his whole life, and is trying his best to make sense of a world at the “intersection of Iranian-ness and Midwestern-ness.” As with so many other of the titles here, fiction and fact are woven together: the story centers around the true story of the U.S. downing an Iranian passenger plane in 1988 during the Iran-Iraq war.
The Stationery Shop: A Novel, by Marjan Kamali
Marjan Kamali’s 2019 love story is the wistful tale of a young woman named Roya and an idealistic activist named Bahman, who meet cute in a Tehran store in the 1950s, but whose planned marriage falls apart due to turmoil both familial and political, as Iran’s democratically elected government falls in a U.S.-British lead coup that ends with the installation of the Shah. Roya flees to the U.S. for a fresh start, but the two reunite in 2013, wondering: what if life had spun out in a different direction?
Movies
Coup 53
This 2019 documentary directed by Iranian film maker Taghi Amirani and co-written by Walter Murch recounts Operation Ajax, in which the CIA and Britain’s MI6 engineered the removal of Mohammad Mossadegh, Iran’s democratically elected prime minister, and installed a friendly ruler, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, in his place. (The Shah was ousted in the 1979 revolution.) As Fresh Air critic John Powers noted in his review, “What emerges first is the backstory of the coup, which like so much in the modern Middle East is predicated on oil. Shortly after the black gold was discovered in early 20th century Iran, a British oil company now known as BP locked up a sweetheart deal for its exploitation. Iran not only got a mere 16% of the oil money before British taxes, but the books were kept by the British — and the Iranians weren’t allowed to see them.”
YouTube
Cutting Through Rocks
Sara Khaki and Mohammadreza Eyni’s film Cutting Through Rocks is up for an Oscar this season after premiering at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival. This inspiring documentary follows Sara Shahverdi — a divorced, childless motorcyclist — as she campaigns to become the first woman elected to the city council of her remote village, and who dreams of teaching girls to ride and to end child marriage.
YouTube
It Was Just an Accident
The latest film from acclaimed director Jafar Panahi — who has officially been banned from making films in Iran — is 2025’s It Was Just an Accident. Panahi, who has been jailed multiple times for his work and was recently sentenced again in absentia, has said in interviews that his inspiration for this brutal – and shockingly funny – thriller was people he met while in prison: an auto mechanic named Vahid finds himself face-to-face with the man who he is fairly certain was his torturer in jail, and eventually assembles other victims to try to confirm his suspicions. Fresh Air critic Justin Chang called It Was Just an Accident “a blast of pure anti-authoritarian rage.”
YouTube
The Seed of the Sacred Fig
This 2024 thriller — shot in secret by director Mohammad Rasoulof — centers on a family whose father, Iman, is appointed as an investigating judge in Tehran. But it soon becomes clear that his job has nothing to do with actually investigating. Iman, his wife, and two daughters come to suspect each other in our age of mass surveillance, as the city streets below erupt into the real-life Woman, Life, Freedom protests.
YouTube
Music
Kayhan Kalhor
One of the primary ambassadors of Persian classical music has been the composer and kamancheh (an Iranian bowed-instrument) virtuoso Kayhan Kalhor. Although music, like poetry, has been central to Iranian culture for centuries, all kinds of music were initially banned after the 1979 revolution. Since then, however, Iranian classical musicians have ridden many looping cycles of official condemnation, grudging tolerance, censorship and attempts at co-option by the regime.
Despite those difficulties, Kalhor has built a thriving career both inside Iran and abroad, including winning a Grammy Award as part of the Silkroad Ensemble and earning three nominations as a solo artist. Back in 2012, I invited him to our Tiny Desk to perform solo. “Didn’t know I could have goosebumps for 12 minutes straight,” a YouTube commenter recently wrote; I couldn’t put it any better.
YouTube
Saeid Shanbehzadeh
Among Iran’s 92 million people, about 40% of come from various ethnic minorities, including Azeris, Kurds and Armenians among many others. One of the most fascinating communities is the Afro-Iranians in the Iranian south, many of whose ancestors were brought to Iran as enslaved people from east Africa. Multi-instrumentalist and dancer Saeid Shanbehzadeh, who traces his ancestry to Zanzibar, celebrates that heritage with his band, and specializes in the Iranian bagpipe and percussion.
YouTube
The underground metal scene
Despite ongoing restrictions on music — including the continued ban on female singers performing in mixed-gender public settings — Iran is home to a thriving underground scene for metal and punk. Though it’s fictional, Farbod Ardebelli’s 2020 short drama Forbidden to See Us Scream in Tehran — which was secretly filmed in Tehran, with the director giving instructions remotely from the U.S. via WhatsApp — gives a flavor of that real-life scene and the dangers those artists face.
YouTube
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