Finance
State of Arsenal's finances: What we know about wages, ticket prices, FFP and debt
For the fifth consecutive year, Arsenal’s accounts have recorded a loss. Their books for the year ended May 31, 2023, show an overall deficit of £52.1million ($65.8m) — a £6.6million increase on their losses for 2021-22.
But, a little like the first team’s wobble in form over Christmas, the underlying numbers provide a little more room for encouragement.
Overall revenue was up to £467million — a 25 per cent increase on the previous year.
The financial result was however impacted by “impairment write-downs on certain player registrations amounting to £18.1million, which by virtue of their quantum are classified as exceptional”. Without those exceptional items, the loss before tax amounted to £34million — not great, but an improvement on the previous year.
Here, The Athletic explains what these results tell us about Arsenal’s financial position.
What exactly do these results cover?
These results cover Arsenal’s trading for the year up until May 31, 2023. That means it encompasses the signings of Gabriel Jesus, Oleksandr Zinchenko, Fabio Vieira, Leandro Trossard, Jakub Kiwior, Jorginho and Matt Turner. This summer’s spending — including the club-record £105million deal for Declan Rice — will appear in next year’s results.
How have Arsenal raised their revenue?
Arsenal’s improvement on the field has helped them generate more revenue. Their title challenge in the 2022-23 Premier League saw them earn more from broadcast revenue.
Crucially, this was also the season in which Arsenal returned to European football, in the form of the Europa League. As a consequence of playing in Europe and improving their Premier League position from fifth to second, broadcast income rose £45million to £191.2million. However, their relatively early exits from cup competitions put a cap on their earnings.
“During 2022-23 and subsequently during the summer 2023 transfer window, the club has again invested strongly in the development of its men’s first-team playing resources,” reads the report. “This investment recognises that qualification for UEFA competition represents a pre-requisite to re-establishing a self-sufficient financial base.”
Arsenal’s return to the Champions League has boosted their income (Clive Rose/Getty Images)
Arsenal confirm they are “reliant on the continued financial support of its ultimate parent company, Kroenke Sports & Entertainment (KSE)”. The Arsenal board, however, have aspirations of returning to a financially self-sustaining model. For that to be the case, continued European qualification is essential.
A shift in strategy and emphasis on retail delivered club-record commercial income of £169.3million. The department is growing — commercial and administrative staff rose from 364 to 426. With the new Emirates deal set to start in 2024-25, commercial revenue should only increase.
Despite a club record in income, Arsenal’s overall revenue remained behind the declared figures for Manchester City, Manchester United, Liverpool, Chelsea and Tottenham Hotspur. This can be explained in large part by the fact four of those teams were playing Champions League football. Spurs’ new stadium has also seen their matchday revenue exceed Arsenal’s.
What are those ‘impairment write-downs’?
Impairment losses occur when a business asset suffers a depreciation in fair market value, which is more than the book value of the asset on the company’s financial statements. In football terms, it usually occurs when a player has sustained a serious injury or a player’s market value crashes far below what was originally paid for him.
The financial report is too discreet to name any specific players but presumably, the disastrous £72million signing of Nicolas Pepe is a factor here.
Arsenal’s inability to sell players continues to cost them. They made just a £10.7million profit from the sales of Matteo Guendouzi, Lucas Torreira, Bernd Leno and Konstantinos Mavropanos. The report explains: “The club’s ability to realise profits during 2022-23 was again adversely impacted by market conditions with reduced overall liquidity as clubs’ acquisition budgets continued to be impacted by financial pressures post-pandemic.”
How is the wage bill looking?
The last set of results saw the wage bill getting smaller, as a consequence of allowing highly paid stars, including Mesut Ozil and Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, to leave.
The addition of several new players to the men’s and women’s teams has seen that grow to £234.8million. That is expected to rise again in the next set of accounts, with arrivals such as Rice and lucrative new contracts for Martin Odegaard and William Saliba.
Saliba has signed a new deal (Stuart MacFarlane/Arsenal FC via Getty Images)
Impressively, Arsenal outperformed their total salary cost with on-field achievements by some way. The wage bills at Manchester United (£331.4million) and Chelsea (£404.9million) dwarf Arsenal’s, yet it was Mikel Arteta’s team that ran Manchester City closest.
Wages now account for just 50 per cent of revenue — a very healthy position.
What is Arsenal’s FFP and PSR position?
As of the end of May 2023, Arsenal were confident the club “continues to be compliant with applicable financial sustainability regulations put in place by UEFA and the Premier League”.
In the Premier League profit and sustainability regulations (PSR), clubs are permitted to make overall losses no greater than £105million over a three-season period. Although Arsenal’s combined losses exceed this figure, the leeway clubs were granted as a consequence of the pandemic means they are still in a relatively comfortable position.
There has been significant expenditure since then and Arsenal have indicated that financial regulations were a factor in their decision not to enter the January transfer market. This may have been to ensure they could spend significantly in the summer of 2024.
What about the season ticket prices?
Arsenal recently announced a season ticket price hike of up to six per cent in certain parts of the ground. Part of the explanation was a rise in operating costs. There’s some justification here: Arsenal’s results illustrate a rise of £40million in their non-salary costs, partly due to UK inflation.
The increase in matchday revenue achieved by the price increase, however, will remain relatively small. Arsenal fans will still feel the additional funds could be generated by other means — especially as the new Champions League format means the club will most likely benefit from more home games next season.
What is the debt situation?
Aside from money owed on transfer fees, the majority of Arsenal’s debt is to Stan Kroenke. Arsenal borrowed a further £41million from their owners in 2022-23, taking their total debt to KSE to £259million.
It’s a lot of money, but Arsenal have spent much of the past decade in a similar degree of debt. The positive is that the debt is to parent company KSE rather than external creditors, with favourable interest rates.
Any other business?
Arsenal have confirmed that Ashburton Trading, a subsidiary of the football club with a focus on property development, have finally been granted permission to develop a new block of student accommodation in the shadow of the Emirates Stadium.
An artist’s impression of the proposed student accommodation (CZWG)
Arsenal’s original plan for a 25-storey building at 45 Hornsey Road was rejected by Islington Council in 2011. After more than a decade, a compromise has been reached on a 12-storey building that could house 284 students.
Arsenal have also included what is becoming their customary statement on the ongoing row over the dissolution of the European Super League. “The Group is monitoring certain ongoing matters relating to the closure of the European Super League project,” they write. “If any additional costs arise as a consequence, these additional costs would be fully recharged to the parent entity, KSE.”
If Arsenal are financially liable for reneging on the Super League agreement, it seems their owners will foot the bill.
(Top photo: Stuart MacFarlane/Arsenal FC via Getty Images)
Finance
Hong Kong reasserts role as safe haven in global finance amid Iran conflict
The seven-week military conflict in the Middle East will redefine Hong Kong’s role as a global financial centre, positioning the city as a safe harbour for capital and investments.
Anecdotal evidence suggested that more banks had turned to Hong Kong to protect their businesses and committed themselves to expanding their presence in the city. At the same time, inquiries about adding allocations of mainland Chinese assets among global investors had recently increased, potentially enlarging the customer base for the city’s asset-management industry and family offices and driving demand for offshore yuan-linked financial products.
For years, Hong Kong’s status as a financial centre in the Asia-Pacific region has been challenged by Dubai, which has risen to prominence as a gateway linking Asia and Europe in capital flows, transport and logistics. With the war destabilising the Middle East – at one point forcing the closure of the Dubai International Airport and sending stocks in the Gulf region plunging – Hong Kong has re-emerged due to its geographical location, a pegged exchange rate, free capital flows and support from China’s economic strength.
“In that context, China and Hong Kong are attracting renewed attention,” said Gary Dugan, CEO of The Global CIO Office in Dubai, which advises family offices and ultra-high-net-worth individuals globally. “There is growing interest among some clients in increasing exposure to China and Hong Kong. It is less a simple flight to safety and more a reassessment of where investors see relative value, policy consistency and long-term strategic opportunity.”
Dubai now relies on trade, tourism and finance as the pillars of its economy, reflecting the success of its four-decade diversification away from oil for sustained growth. The United Arab Emirates city is home to Jebel Ali Free Zone, the biggest free-trade zone in the Middle East, and the second-largest stock market in the region, with combined market values of US$1.01 trillion. The city, also a global hub for gold trading, has a population of 4 million, about 80 per cent of which are foreign expatriates. Dubai’s economy grew by 4.7 per cent in the January-to-September period last year.
Finance
Budget crisis is top concern for MPS leader Cassellius | Opinion
Before seeking a new referendum MPS needs to rebuild trust in the community through completing state audits, putting in place controls to prevent overspending and routine reports to the public.
For MPS Superintendent Brenda Cassellius, who just wrapped up her first year leading Milwaukee’s public school system, her tenure has been punctuated by some very big numbers.
The first is $252 million. That is the amount of new spending voters narrowly approved in an April 2024 referendum to support operations in Wisconsin’s largest school district. Just months later, MPS was rocked by revelations the district was months behind in filing key financial reports to the state, which led to former Superintendent Keith Posley’s resignation.
The second is $1 billion. MPS faces a deferred maintenance backlog exceeding $1 billion. The district’s enrollment has declined 30% over the last 30 years, leaving many schools at less than 50% full. That, in part, is driving a plan to close some schools and to improve others to help lower costs.
The final is $46 million, the deficit MPS was running for the 2024-25 school year, an unexpected shortfall which has led to hundreds of staff layoffs.
Getting the district’s accounting, budgeting and financial reporting back on track has dominated Cassellius’s first year at MPS. In an April 15 interview with the Journal Sentinel’s editorial board, she talked in detail about the challenges putting that into order and progress she sees in restoring transparency into its operations.
State funding and aging buildings create budget nightmares
Cassellius says state needs to keep up its share of school funding
In an interview with the Journal Sentinel editorial board, MPS leader Brenda Cassellius says budgets and buildings are her two top worries.
Cassellius said the on-going budget crisis is her top concern. She said the state’s failure to live up to its share of funding is exacerbating MPS’ budget woes. A group of school districts, teachers and parents filed suit against the state Legislature and its Joint Finance Committee claiming the current state funding system is unconstitutional and prevents schools from meeting students’ educational needs.
Funding for special education is especially critical. About 20% of MPS students have disabilities, almost twice the share of the city’s charter schools, and the average of 14% across Wisconsin.
“What’s keeping me up now, you know, is really just the budget crisis we’re in, with not only this year but multiple years going out without additional state aid, we’ve been not getting funding for what our needs are for our students, and particularly our students with special needs,” she said.
Although the state budget increased special education funding to a 42% reimbursement rate, the actual rate has been about 35%. Another component to the budget headache is the age of MPS buildings. The average age is 85 years-old compared to 45 across the nation.
“We have just kicked this can down the curb or kicked it down the street or whatever you call it for too long. And it’s time that we really take on a serious conversation about the conditions of the learning environments in which we send our children,” she said. “Particularly in Milwaukee Public Schools, we serve the most vulnerable children. Children who have language barriers, children who have disabilities, children in high-concentrated poverty.”
What needs to happen before MPS seeks another referendum
Voters need to be comfortable MPS has made tough budget decisions
In an interview with Journal Sentinel editorial board, Brenda Cassellius said voters will need to see budget improvements before seeking more spending
Cassellius said MPS will definitely need to go back to voters for a new referendum in the future. In addition to the 2024 measure, voters approved an $87 million plan in 2020.
Before doing that, she said the district first needs to rebuild trust in the community through completing required state audits, putting into place controls to prevent overspending and routine reports to the school board and public about finances.
“I don’t think that the voters are going to want us to bring something forward until they feel comfortable that we have done the cleanup that is necessary,” she said. “And we’ve built the trust that we have the sufficient controls in place.”
In the interim, she’s hoping the state will meet its constitutional responsibility to adequately fund public schools.
“What the public expects is you know where the money is, you’re spending it as close as you can to children, you’re getting good on the promise around art, music, and PE, and the things the public said they wanted to fund,” Cassellius said. “And they want their kids to have so that they have a quality education and an excellent education in Milwaukee Public Schools, and that they had the right amount of staff that they actually need. In the school to be safe and to run a good operation.”
Rebuilding finance staff in wake of $46 million in overspending
MPS is rebuilding school finance staff in wake of reporting lapses
In an interview with the Journal Sentinel editorial board April 15, MPS superintendent discusses accountability for district’s financial problems.
The $46 million budget shortfall from the 2024-25 school year started coming into view last fall and was confirmed in mid-January. Cassellius noted that in addition to hiring a new superintendent, MPS also parted ways with its comptroller and CFO.
“We are really rebuilding the personnel and staff of the finance department. That is what’s critical, is having the right people in the right seats doing the work,” she said. “Also critical is making sure that you have the right controls in place. The audit findings found that we did not have proper controls in place and now we have those proper controls in place and when we find things we put new SOPs in place and that is what any business does.”
Identifying that shortfall, though painful, was the result of better accounting.
“Being three years behind in auditing means that you don’t have full sight on your actual revenues and expenditures. And so we have now full sight of our revenues and our expenditures and that’s why we were able to see this new deficit of $46 million,” she said. “And we still continue to work with DPI on those processes to make sure that every month we’re doing monthly to actuals and doing those accounting, reporting that to the board. In a way that is consumable to the public that they can understand.”
Jim Fitzhenry is the Ideas Lab Editor/Director of Community Engagement for the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Reach him at jfitzhen@gannett.com or 920-993-7154.
Finance
Psychological shift unfolds in soft Aussie housing market: ‘Vendors feel pressure’
Property markets move in cycles, and with interest rates rising and other pressures like high fuel costs, some markets are clearly slowing down. Many first-home buyers who have only ever seen markets going up are conditioned to think that when purchasing, competition is always intense and decisions need to be made quickly.
In those times, buyers often feel they need to act fast, stretch their budget and secure a property at almost any cost. But things have definitely changed.
In a softer market, the dynamic shifts. Properties take longer to sell, competition thins, and it’s the vendors who begin to feel pressure.
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For buyers who understand how to navigate that change, the balance of power quickly moves in their favour. The opportunity is not simply to buy at a lower price. It is to negotiate from a position of strength.
If that’s you right now, these are the key skills first-home buyers need to take advantage of in softer market conditions.
The most important shift in a soft market is psychological. In a rising market, buyers often feel like they are competing for limited opportunities. In a softer market, the opposite is true. There are more properties available, fewer active buyers and less urgency overall. This gives buyers options.
When buyers understand that they are not competing with multiple parties on every property, their decision-making improves. They are more willing to walk away, compare opportunities and avoid overpaying. Negotiation strength comes from not needing to transact immediately. When that pressure is removed, buyers are able to engage more strategically.
One of the most common mistakes first-home buyers make is continuing to apply strategies that only work in rising markets. Auction urgency is a clear example. In strong markets, auctions often attract multiple bidders and create competitive tension. In softer conditions, properties are more likely to pass in, shifting the process away from a public bidding environment into a private negotiation.
This is where leverage increases.
Private negotiations allow buyers to introduce conditions that protect their position. These may include finance clauses, longer settlement periods or price adjustments based on due diligence. Opportunities that are rarely available in competitive markets become standard in softer ones.
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