Connect with us

Science

A Diver Visited a Fallen Whale. When He Returned, It Was Gone.

Published

on

A Diver Visited a Fallen Whale. When He Returned, It Was Gone.

How does an 18-foot-long, 2,000-pound carcass just disappear?

That question has puzzled some divers and photographers who regularly plunge into the waters off San Diego.

It started earlier this spring when Doug Bonhaus took advantage of some calm weather to scuba dive in Scripps Canyon. As he descended, a hulking mass took shape below him.

There, at an exceptionally shallow 115 feet, lay the body of a baby gray whale.

Whale falls are usually not seen by human divers. Typically, they are discovered by remotely operated vehicles at depths exceeding 3,000 feet.

Advertisement

Local marine biologists had a guess as to the gray whale calf’s origins. An animal that matched what was found on the seafloor had been spotted swimming near La Jolla Shores, desperately searching for its mother. During its final hours, it was seen approaching boats, as though asking for help that wasn’t coming.

Because it was the first time in memory that a fall was so accessible to people, other divers quickly made their way to the site. Among them was Jules Jacobs, an underwater photojournalist who has written for The New York Times about his explorations.

At that point in late January, the carcass’s resting place was a trough in the canyon that required pinpoint precision to reach. So Mr. Jacobs steeled himself for a dangerous and mentally taxing dive.

Navigating the crepuscular gloom with a team of five other divers, the dive lights suddenly illuminated what he was looking for: the mottled-skinned, emaciated calf. The calf’s eyes had already succumbed to the elements; it seemed locked into an expression of sorrow.

“It’s humbling to dive a whale fall where the tail alone is as big as your body,” Mr. Jacobs said.

Advertisement

Mr. Jacobs planned additional dives to observe the animal. On his second visit a week later, a chunk of the animal’s tail was missing, likely the work of scavenger sharks like the seven gill or the mako.

After a surge of spring storms, Mr. Jacobs descended into freezing blackness for the third time in late February. Gripping his camera gear so tightly his knuckles turned white, he waited for the decaying animal to appear.

What he found was only the barren seabed.

The calf was gone.


Gray whales, which can grow to around 45 feet in adulthood, have a migration that is the one of the longest of any mammal. It starts in the balmy seas of Baja California and extends to feeding grounds in the high latitudes of the Arctic Oceans. The calf and its missing mother were most likely headed north before they were separated. During this phase of the journey, they would have been at their most vulnerable, with the mother not having eaten for six months.

Advertisement

Gray whale populations follow a boom-and-bust cycle, with numbers crashing and then recovering, and sometimes up to a quarter of the population lost in a few years.

For about six years, however, the population has failed to rebound as it did during previous die-offs. Scientists attribute this decline to climate change, which accelerates Arctic warming and disrupts the gray whale’s prey. Ship strikes and entanglements in fishing lines aggravate losses to starvation.

“We’re unlikely to return to a world that can support 25,000 gray whales anytime soon,” said Joshua Stewart, an assistant professor at the Oregon State University Marine Mammal Institute. Dr. Stewart expects to see many more whales dying on the West Coast.

Still, in the normal course of events, the death of a whale does not always signify an end. Instead, it catalyzes new beginnings.

A riot of life blooms from a whale carcass, even a calf’s. The flesh nourishes scavengers, the bones are colonized by microbes and worms and the curved vertebrae form new highways for a rapidly developing reef.

Advertisement

“A whale fall is a real bonanza and may provide as much food as normally reaches the sediment beneath it in 200 years,” said Craig Smith, professor emeritus of oceanography at the University of Hawaii. “Ironically, we know more about whale-fall communities in the deep sea than in shallow water.”

A whale decays in three ecologically distinct stages. First come the scavengers — sharks, crabs, hagfish — which tear into the soft tissue. Then, along come the worms in “huge, writhing masses in the organic-rich ooze surrounding the carcass,” Dr. Smith said. This can last seven years in what scientists call the enrichment-opportunist stage.

Finally, bacteria deep within the bones produce hydrogen sulfide, fueling the chemosynthetic bacteria on the surface of the bones and those living symbiotically inside animal hosts. This stage can last decades, with more than 200 marine species thriving on a single whale fall.


But this infant whale and its carcass had vanished. Had something or someone made off with it, preventing that life-sustaining whale fall from continuing?

Gregory Rouse, a marine biology professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, believes the explanation is less mysterious. During whale falls, he said, decomposition in the body cavity generates gas, which can cause the carcass to rise again after initially sinking, and float before eventually settling on the bottom.

Advertisement

Strong winds and pulsing currents likely swept the body deeper into the canyon, which descends as far as 1,600 feet down.

“This animal would’ve grown into a titan, but its life was snuffed out in infancy,” Mr. Jacobs said.

But where it lies quietly in the darkness, new life may proliferate and prosper.

Science

Rain — and maybe thunderstorms — are expected in Los Angeles this weekend

Published

on

Rain — and maybe thunderstorms — are expected in Los Angeles this weekend

Heavier rain is expected to fall across Los Angeles this weekend, bringing wetter weather and a chance for thunderstorms after spring kicked into full bloom.

“This is when the weather gets a little more wild, technically, because we’re starting to see some more differential heating on the Earth,” said Todd Hall, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service.

Parts of Los Angeles will probably see rain after 11 p.m. Saturday, according to a forecast from the National Weather Service. Scattered showers are anticipated on Sunday afternoon before 2, and there is a potential for thunderstorms in some parts of the city.

There’s a 15% to 25% chance of thunderstorms, according to the forecast discussion from the NWS Los Angeles on Saturday. “Any thunderstorms that develop will likely produce brief heavy rain, gusty outflow winds, small hail and potentially waterspouts or weak, short-lived, tornadoes,” the NWS said.

Advertisement

A ridge of high pressure has already moved east, and now a storm system is arriving in the area.

There’s a chance that the storm system will linger across parts of Los Angeles through Monday, Hall said. Snow levels are expected to drop at high elevations, but some places, such as the northern Ventura County mountains, could have wet snow, so drivers should be cautious.

Gusty winds are expected in portions of the Mojave Desert as well.

“Just like in the ocean, we have waves. The atmosphere behaves the same way,” Hall said.

The total rainfall through Sunday night is anticipated to be between 0.50 and 1.50 inches. On average across L.A., temperatures on Sunday are expected to reach a high of 65 degrees — a full 26 degrees lower than the high recorded a week ago.

Advertisement

Dry and warm weather is expected to return after Monday. Temperatures are forecast to climb to more than 75 degrees later in the week and reach nearly 80 degrees next Saturday.

Heavier rain — including some thunderstorms — is expected in other parts of California such as the counties of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara and Ventura, the National Weather Service Los Angeles said Saturday afternoon on X.

Wind gusts north of Point Conception in Santa Barbara County could come with risks such as downed trees or powerlines. Major flooding and debris flows are unlikely, the social media post said.

Up north, the San Francisco Bay Area has already been experiencing the severe weather. Heavy rain hammered the region Saturday, and wind gusts were expected to reach up to 28 mph. The National Weather Service was advising people to allow extra time for travel because of the slippery roads.

In Southern California, the National Weather Service suggested that people be ready to adjust plans and monitor the situation.

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Science

Artemis II astronauts safely splash down off San Diego coast after historic moon mission

Published

on

Artemis II astronauts safely splash down off San Diego coast after historic moon mission

The Artemis II astronauts safely splashed down off the coast of San Diego at 5:07 p.m. Friday. After their historic 10-day mission around the moon, the crew and NASA officials are finally breathing a sigh of relief.

“I’m still at a loss for words. The childhood Jared right now can’t believe what I just saw,” said NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman, standing aboard a Navy warship assisting with recovering the four returned astronauts in the Pacific Ocean.

Isaacman was born more than a decade after the last time humans walked on the moon.

“I’ve almost been waiting my whole lifetime to see this, and then as NASA administrator, I just couldn’t be more proud of the entire workforce,” he said.

The return mission was highly anticipated and attracted rapt viewers from across the nation. The Empire State Building was lit up in red, white and blue to welcome the crew home. Multiple MLB stadiums displayed footage of the landing on their scoreboards.

Advertisement

NASA regarded the high-energy reentry — streaking through the atmosphere in a nearly 5,000-degree-Fahrenheit fireball at more than 32 times the speed of sound — as one of the riskiest moments of the mission.

  • Share via

    Advertisement

Space agency officials’ blood pressure was further elevated as experts closely watched the performance of the craft’s heat shield, which astronauts rely on to slow them down and keep temperatures livable.

Advertisement

During the crew-less 2022 Artemis I test mission, the heat shield unexpectedly chipped in more than 100 spots. NASA determined that any astronauts aboard would have been unscathed, but noted the problem posed an increased risk to future crews. Instead of redesigning the heat shield — which NASA will do for future missions — the agency opted to bring the capsule in on a steeper trajectory intended to inflict less stress on the materials.

After splashdown, multiple minor snafus delayed Navy divers as they tried to bring the astronauts out of the capsule.

First, the divers struggled to contact the astronauts inside — though both parties could still reach Mission Control. After the Navy crew opened the hatch, ocean currents hindered their ability to deploy inflatable devices around the capsule to stabilize it and help the astronauts exit.

Eventually, nearly an hour and a half after splashdown, the team helped the astronauts out of the toasty Orion capsule, to the cheers of dozens of flight controllers in Mission Control.

The Navy team then airlifted the astronauts by helicopter to the USS John P. Murtha Navy warship, about 1.5 miles away, for medical evaluation.

Advertisement

Crews will continue to work into the night securing the capsule and guiding it back to the Murtha, which is expected to reach Naval Base San Diego early Saturday.

For many NASA scientists and engineers across the country, the work to analyze every bit of data from the capsule has just begun.

“We’re going to want to definitely take a look at the thermal protection system,” Isaacman said. “We’re going to want to download all the data they couldn’t transmit back to us and use that to inform Artemis III.”

The Artemis Program, an international collaboration spearheaded by NASA, aims to put boots back on the moon for the first time in more than 50 years. The space agency hopes to establish a lunar base as a testing grounds for future missions to Mars.

Artemis II, a flyby mission around the moon that lifted off on April 1, was focused on testing out life support systems and practice piloting the spacecraft to make the journey a smoother ride for future crews who will be focused on the complex challenge of actually landing on the lunar surface.

Advertisement
a boy checks out an astronaut suit while waiting for the Artemis II Landing Watch Party

Christian Ramirez, Jr., 8, checks out an astronaut suit while waiting for the Artemis II Landing Watch Party featuring a live broadcast of the splashdown on a large screen at the Columbia Memorial Space Center in Downey on Friday.

(Myung J. Chun / Los Angeles Times)

They worked out problems with the capsule’s space toilet (multiple times), piloted the spacecraft by hand, and tested procedures such as sheltering from solar radiation in the cargo locker.

Yet Monday’s flyby — the first time humans had reached the moon since 1972 — held emotional significance for the crew and space enthusiasts beyond the mission’s technical objectives.

While in space, the crew spoke of the surreal sights of our dusty, rugged natural satellite, appearing about the size of a bowling ball at arm’s length, suspended in nothingness. The astronauts couldn’t help but feel a renewed appreciation for our home planet.

Advertisement

“Maybe the distance we are from you makes you think what we’re doing is special,” Artemis II pilot and Southern California native Victor Glover said on Easter while on his way to the moon. “But we’re the same distance from you, and — I’m trying to tell you, just trust me — you are special. In all of this emptiness — this is a whole bunch of nothing, this thing we call the universe — you have this oasis, this beautiful place that we get to exist, together.”

About 25 minutes before the crew splashed back down on our oasis, Artemis II Cmdr. Reid Wiseman radioed Mission Control.

“We have a great view of the moon out window two,” he said. “Looks a little smaller than yesterday.”

“Guess we’ll have to go back,” Mission Control replied.

Advertisement

Continue Reading

Science

Video: Artemis Astronauts Splash Down After Historic Lunar Flyby

Published

on

Video: Artemis Astronauts Splash Down After Historic Lunar Flyby

new video loaded: Artemis Astronauts Splash Down After Historic Lunar Flyby

transcript

transcript

Artemis Astronauts Splash Down After Historic Lunar Flyby

The four astronauts aboard Artemis II splashed down at 8:07 p.m. Eastern time in the Pacific Ocean near San Diego on Friday, concluding their historic 10-day mission, the first to send humans to the moon in more than 50 years.

“Houston, Integrity splashdown. Sending post-landing command now.” “Splashdown confirmed.” “Copy splashdown. Waiting on V.L.D.R.” “Splashdown confirmed at 7:07 p.m. Central time.” “All four crew members now out of Integrity.”

Advertisement
The four astronauts aboard Artemis II splashed down at 8:07 p.m. Eastern time in the Pacific Ocean near San Diego on Friday, concluding their historic 10-day mission, the first to send humans to the moon in more than 50 years.

By Jackeline Luna

April 10, 2026

Continue Reading

Trending