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'Wicked' defies gravity, if not time

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'Wicked' defies gravity, if not time

Galinda (Ariana Grande) and Elphaba (Cynthia Erivo) are opposites in every way, forced to room together at Shiz University.

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Goodness knows, it feels as if Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande have been attached at the hip for the better part of this century, crying and bantering together while adorned in fabulous ensembles of green, black, and pink, the (un?)official colors of Wicked. The press tour and behind-the-scenes gossip accompanying Jon M. Chu’s long-awaited spectacular have been exhaustingly dramatique – probably to be expected for the film adaptation of a Broadway musical juggernaut beloved by theater kids all over (I was one of them), and starring one of the era’s biggest pop stars.

Ultimately, it’s what lands on the screen that matters. And with regards to Wicked: Part 1 many things are true at once: the excellent Erivo and Grande couldn’t have been better suited to play Elphaba, the Wicked Witch of the West, and Galinda, who goes on to become Glinda the Good Witch; the movie’s themes are evergreen and relevant; and whoever made the decision to divide the stage show into two separate movies deserves to be cursed by a spell from the book of the Grimmerie.

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Wicked, very loosely based on Gregory Maguire’s Wizard of Oz revisionist novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, tells the origin story of Elphaba and how she became L. Frank Baum’s emblematic villain. She’s shunned by her father and ostracized by her peers for the mere fact of being born with abnormally green skin, and at a young age discovers that in response to their callousness, her rage manifests uncontrollably as a magic force from within. Years later, that ability comes to the attention of Madame Morrible (Michelle Yeoh), the no-nonsense headmistress of Shiz University, who eagerly takes Elphaba under her wing for private tutelage in sorcery.

Two good friends, two best friends

Elphaba is assigned to room with Galinda, the bubbly, supremely vain beauty queen who’s none too happy she now has to share her private suite with the school’s oddball. The two clash for all the expected reasons: if Elphaba’s whole vibe is “emo-goth girl who shops at Hot Topic circa 2003,” Galinda’s is “Barbie.” Galinda’s initially jealous that she herself doesn’t get to study with Madame Morrible. But soon enough, they become friends (best friends, even), just as Oz enters a period of social unrest.

Michelle Yeoh as Madame Morrible, the headmistress at Shiz University.

Michelle Yeoh as Madame Morrible, the headmistress at Shiz University.

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There’s a lot to recommend here, particularly for fans of the show – the humor is punchy, Christopher Scott’s expressive choreography enhances the characterizations, and Paul Tazewell’s costume design details are perfection. But by far the standout of Wicked is that central relationship between these two enemies-turned-friends. Erivo and Grande have the goods: both come from theater backgrounds (the former has won a Tony) but are also naturals on camera, and so they’re able to bring subtlety and grandiosity as needed. Even under the green makeup and against the backdrop of some hideously overwhelming CGI aesthetics, their chemistry is undeniable, whether they’re bickering during one of the show’s highlights, “What Is This Feeling?” or finding common ground during the show-stopping Act I finale “Denying Gravity.”

This is most palpable during the big Ozdust Ballroom sequence, in which Elphaba, once again ostracized by her classmates, defiantly reacts to their laughter with dance, and Galinda, feeling empathy for possibly the first time ever, joins her. It’s both the most musical theater-y thing that could happen in this most musical theater-y of shows, and gets at the essence of the show’s enduring appeal.

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A timely allegory — to a tune

Meanwhile, the show’s other central concern is striking to take in at this moment. Gregory Maguire’s 1995 book is a sprawling, bleak meditation on the nature of good vs. evil, and what it means to resist or give over into fascist movements. Oz is a world where animals have evolved to be just as intelligent as humans, with the ability to talk and live just as humans do, though they’ve long faced discrimination for doing so. (In the movie Elphaba’s beloved professor Dr. Dillamond is a goat voiced by Peter Dinklage.) The paternalistic, self-anointed Wizard (Jeff Goldblum, at his Goldblum-iest) is intent on stripping Oz’s animals of their autonomy and rights, and using Elphaba’s powers to do so.

The musical, both on stage and screen, is a significantly diluted and altogether different take on Maguire’s novel. But its parallels to our real world – currently marked by calls for mass deportations, the erosion of abortion rights; etc. – are still unmistakably apparent to anyone reading today’s news.

The allegories of minority persecution are rendered even more palpable by the fact of casting Erivo, a Black woman, in the role as Wicked Witch of the West. (To date, only one Black actress has played her in an onstage production full-time: Alexia Khadime, in London’s West End over a decade ago and again in the current production.) By coding the outcast-turned-political agitator as Black – her hair is in microbraids, and save for the green makeup, Erivo’s facial features are fully visible – the realities of the world we live in are inescapable. “Her green skin is an outward manifestation of her twisted nature!” a character proclaims to the people of Oz at one point, riling them up to position Elphaba as the common enemy. Arguing that her skin – who she is – is reason enough to demonize her: It isn’t altogether different from, say, recent rhetoric used to target Haitian immigrants in Ohio.

Jonathan Bailey dances through life as Prince Fiyero as Boq (Ethan Slater) watches on.

Jonathan Bailey dances through life as Prince Fiyero as Boq (Ethan Slater) watches on.

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For all its virtues and relevance, however, it’s curious that in this two-hour-41-minute adaptation of the first act of the show – longer, it should be noted, than the entire stage production without intermission – little of substance was added to justify making this affair a two-parter. Chu and screenwriters Winnie Holzman and Dana Fox stay quite faithful to the source material (which Holzman also wrote) and there are no new songs to go alongside all of composer Stephen Schwartz’s original ones. (Reportedly Part 2 will have some new songs, which may be for the best considering Act 2’s numbers suffer in comparison to the stacked first half.) There are few attempts to incorporate more of Maguire’s excessive lore from the book, and other secondary characters, like Elphaba’s younger sister Nessarose (Marissa Bode) and romantic interest Fiyero (Jonathan Bailey) aren’t fleshed out any more than they are in show.

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The result is a movie that, while pleasant and occasionally moving, concludes with its apex (“Defying Gravity”) which also happens to be a cliffhanger. It’s an unusually and exceedingly peculiar state – both complete and incomplete at the same time. The feeling isn’t quite loathing, exactly. But it is a bit tiresome, especially since it likely means we have to expect yet another full year of a Wicked press tour. Like its predecessor, it’s an imperfect production that has a lot of heart and brains. If it only had the courage to tell a complete story in a reasonable amount of time.

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In Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood, children’s entertainment comes with strings

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In Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood, children’s entertainment comes with strings

The Tin Soldier, one of Nicolas Coppola’s marionette puppets, is the main character in The Steadfast Tin Soldier show at Coppola’s Puppetworks theater in Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood.

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Every weekend, at 12:30 or 2:30 p.m., children gather on foam mats and colored blocks to watch wooden renditions of The Tortoise and the Hare, Pinocchio and Aladdin for exactly 45 minutes — the length of one side of a cassette tape. “This isn’t a screen! It’s for reals happenin’ back there!” Alyssa Parkhurst, a 24-year-old puppeteer, says before each show. For most of the theater’s patrons, this is their first experience with live entertainment.

Puppetworks has served Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood for over 30 years. Many of its current regulars are the grandchildren of early patrons of the theater. Its founder and artistic director, 90-year-old Nicolas Coppola, has been a professional puppeteer since 1954.

The outside of Puppetworks in Park Slope.

The Puppetworks theater in Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood.

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A workshop station behind the stage at Puppetworks, where puppets featured in the show are stored and regularly repaired.

A workshop station behind the stage at Puppetworks, where puppets are stored and repaired.

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A picture of Nicolas Coppola, the founder and artistic director of Puppetworks, in the theater space.

A picture of Nicolas Coppola, Puppetworks’ founder and artistic director, from 1970, in which he’s demonstrating an ice skater marionette puppet.

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For just $11 a seat ($12 for adults), puppets of all types — marionette, swing, hand and rod — take turns transporting patrons back to the ’80s, when most of Puppetworks’ puppets were made and the audio tracks were taped. Century-old stories are brought back to life. Some even with a modern twist.

Since Coppola started the theater, changes have been made to the theater’s repertoire of shows to better meet the cultural moment. The biggest change was the characterization of princesses in the ’60s and ’70s, Coppola says: “Now, we’re a little more enlightened.”

Michael Jones, the newest addition of puppeteers at Puppetworks with Jack-a-Napes, one of the main characters in "The Steadfast Tin Soldier." (right) A demonstration marionette puppet, used for showing children how movement and control works.

Right: Michael Jones, Puppetworks’ newest puppeteer, poses for a photo with Jack-a-Napes, one of the main characters in The Steadfast Tin Soldier. Left: A demonstration marionette puppet, used for showing children how movement and control works.

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Marionette puppets from previous shows at Puppetworks hanging on the wall.

Marionette puppets from previous Puppetworks shows hang on one of the theater’s walls.

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A child attending a 12:30PM showing at Puppetworks on December 6, dressed up in holiday attire featuring the ballerina and tin soldier also in "The Steadfast Tin Soldier."

A child attends Puppetworks’ 12:30 p.m. showing on Saturday, Dec. 6, dressed in holiday attire that features the ballerina and tin soldier in The Steadfast Tin Soldier.

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Streaming has also influenced the theater’s selection of shows. Puppetworks recently brought back Rumpelstiltskin after the tale was repopularized following Dreamworks’ release of the Shrek film franchise.

Most of the parents in attendance find out about the theater through word of mouth or school visits, where Puppetworks’ team puts on shows throughout the week. Many say they take an interest in the establishment for its ability to peel their children away from screens.

Whitney Sprayberry was introduced to Puppetworks by her husband, who grew up in the neighborhood. “My husband and I are both artists, so we much prefer live entertainment. We allow screens, but are mindful of what we’re watching and how often.”

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Left: Puppetworks’ current manager of stage operations, Jamie Moore, who joined the team in the early 2000s as a puppeteer, holds an otter hand puppet from their holiday show. Right: A Pinocchio mask hangs behind the ticket booth at Puppetworks’ entrance.

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A child attending a 12:30PM showing at Puppetworks on December 6, dressed up in holiday attire.

A child attends Puppetworks’ 12:30 p.m. showing on Saturday, Dec. 6, dressed in holiday attire.

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Left: Two gingerbread people, characters in one of Puppetworks’ holiday skits. Right: Ronny Wasserstrom, a swing puppeteer and one of Puppetworks’ first puppeteers, holds a “talking head” puppet he made, wearing matching shirts.

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Other parents in the audience say they found the theater through one of Ronny Wasserstrom’s shows. Wasserstrom, one of Puppetworks’ first puppeteers, regularly performs for free at a nearby park.

Coppola says he isn’t a Luddite — he’s fascinated by animation’s endless possibilities, but cautions of how it could limit a child’s imagination. “The part of theater they’re not getting by being on the phone is the sense of community. In our small way, we’re keeping that going.”

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Attendees of a 12:30PM showing of "The Steadfast Tin Soldier" and "Nutcracker Sweets" at Puppetworks on December 6, 2025.

Puppetworks’ 12:30 p.m. showing of The Steadfast Tin Soldier and The Nutcracker Sweets on Saturday, Dec. 6.

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Children meeting and seeing up close one of the puppets in "The Steadfast Tin Soldier" after the show.

Children get a chance to see one of the puppets in The Steadfast Tin Soldier up close after a show.

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Left: Alyssa Parkhurst, Puppetworks’ youngest puppeteer, holds a snowman marionette puppet, a character in the theater’s holiday show. Right: An ice skater, a dancing character in one of Puppetworks’ holiday skits.

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Community is what keeps Sabrina Chap, the mother of 4-year-old Vida, a regular at Puppetworks. Every couple of weeks, when Puppetworks puts on a new show, she rallies a large group to attend. “It’s a way I connect all the parents in the neighborhood whose kids go to different schools,” she said. “A lot of these kids live within a block of each other.”

Three candy canes, dancing characters in one of Puppetworks' holiday skits, hanging in the space waiting to be repaired after a show.

Three candy canes — dancing characters in one of Puppetworks’ holiday skits — wait to be repaired after a show.

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Anh Nguyen is a photographer based in Brooklyn, N.Y. You can see more of her work online, at nguyenminhanh.com , or on Instagram, at @minhanhnguyenn. Tiffany Ng is a tech and culture writer. Find more of her work on her website, breakfastatmyhouse.com.

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