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Why tensions with neighbours have stalled North Macedonia’s EU bid

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Why tensions with neighbours have stalled North Macedonia’s EU bid

EU ambassadors failed to approve the opening of the next chapter of EU accession talks with Skopje last week.

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In the rural highlands where North Macedonia’s north-east borders Bulgaria’s west, workers swelter in the late September heat.

They’re entering the final stages of building a strategically critical high-speed road connecting the capitals of Skopje and Sofia.

The road is part of the planned ‘Corridor 8’ route linking Italy’s Adriatic coast by sea to Albania, then stretching all the way through North Macedonia to the port of Varna on Bulgaria’s Black Sea coast. A rail connection along the same corridor is also in the works.

When complete, it will anchor the Western Balkan nations of Albania and North Macedonia into Europe’s transport and trading network, quite literally paving their way into the European Union, while also providing NATO with a strategic military corridor.

But the rail and road project, like North Macedonia’s bid to join the European bloc, has been rigged with obstacles, delays and disputes.

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The country’s populist prime minister Hristijan Mickoski has accused Bulgaria of failing to commit to the rail route on its territory, saying the railway will end in a “dead end” on the Bulgarian border. He has threatened to divert the EU funds dedicated to the project to another route known as Corridor 10, which would link Skopje with Belgrade and Budapest to the north, where Eurosceptic nationalists considered close to Mickoski are in government. 

The corridor dispute comes amid what Bulgarian officials see as a further unravelling in relations between the two countries, which have plunged to a new low since the right-wing VMRO-DPMNE party scored victory in North Macedonia’s parliamentary and presidential elections last May. 

A long-standing dispute with Greece over North Macedonia’s name has also resurfaced, as nationalists in Skopje informally refer to the country as ‘Macedonia’ in what officials in Athens see as a blatant violation of the 2018 Prespa agreement.

It meant there was no unanimous agreement among EU ambassadors last week to open the first negotiating chapters on North Macedonia’s accession to the bloc. Neighbouring Albania, meanwhile, has been given the green light.

EU bets on cash-for-reforms strategy

Despite Albania now overtaking its neighbour, officials in Brussels and Skopje still hope the recently-installed Macedonian government will remain focused on its accession path.

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The EU executive is betting on its new €6-billion Growth Plan for the Western Balkans, under which it will inject investment into the seven Western Balkan candidate countries over the next three years in return for reforms designed to bring their economies and societies closer to the EU.

The €6 billion – which consists of €2 billion in grants and €4 billion in concessional loans – will be distributed according to each country’s GDP and population, but only made available once they have implemented so-called ‘reform agendas’ designed to align their laws, standards and practices with those of the EU.

Another unique feature of the Growth Plan is that countries that fail to hit their reform targets could see the funds allocated to them diverted to other countries in the Western Balkans region.

EU sources say the model is designed to create “competition” between neighbours and incentivise quicker reforms.

“Luckily, the new North Macedonian government has really bought into the EU accession process as did the previous government,” a diplomatic source said. “When the new government was sworn in, there were no major deviations from the reform agenda negotiated by the previous government.”

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“But the proof is in the pudding. We’ll need to wait and see if they implement these reforms,” the diplomat added.

The cash-for-reforms model is part of Brussels’ plan to accelerate reforms on a raft of issues including the rule of law, the independence of the judiciary and the fight against corruption. The reform agendas are expected to be endorsed as early as October, meaning the first “pre-financing” payments could be disbursed by the end of this year. 

All countries – with the exception of Bosnia and Herzegovina – have to date submitted their draft reform agendas, as officials in Sarajevo are still deciding how the country’s parliamentary assembly should endorse the plans.

“If a country doesn’t meet its commitment under their reform agendas, the money allocated to it could be transferred to another country in the Western Balkans, creating an element of competition completely new compared to previous financing instruments,” an EU official explained.

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Another EU official, speaking on condition of anonymity, added that tackling corruption was one of the biggest challenges in North Macedonia and other candidate countries in the region, but that the EU executive had robust mechanisms to safeguard its funding.

“Corruption is present. But we have a policy of zero tolerance for corruption and very strict frameworks in place,” the EU official said, “If it happens, and it does, our mechanisms kick in.”

Member states wield veto power

But even if Skopje successfully meets all its targets and reaps the benefits of the Growth Plan, it can only progress on its path to EU membership if it continues to mend the relationship with neighbouring Bulgaria.

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That will prove challenging as lawmakers in Sofia and Skopje continue to exchange combative rhetoric.

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Each member state must give its explicit green light to the opening of each step in the EU accession process.

Responding to EU ambassadors’ failure to move on accession talks with North Macedonia, former Bulgarian premier Boyko Borissov – who leads the biggest party in the Bulgarian parliament and chairs its foreign affairs committee – said Skopje had to “face the consequences of its actions,” accusing Mickoski’s government of blaming Bulgaria for delays in its membership bid.

Borissov recently called for the resignation of North Macedonia’s deputy prime minister and transport minister after a war of words involving the Corridor 8 route linking the country’s capitals.

Bulgaria will vote in its seventh election in just three years on October 27, following multiple failures to form a government.

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Trump to host Syrian president in historic White House meeting amid push for regional peace

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Trump to host Syrian president in historic White House meeting amid push for regional peace

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President Donald Trump is preparing to welcome Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa on Monday in what officials describe as a historic step toward testing whether Damascus can be drawn back into diplomacy after years of war and isolation.

The high-profile meeting underscores a new chapter in U.S.–Syria relations after more than a decade of hostility. A senior administration official told Fox News Digital the visit will focus on counterterrorism cooperation, economic development, and advancing regional peace and security. 

During the visit, the official said, “Syria will announce that it is joining the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS. Syria will thus become the 90th member of the D-ISIS Coalition, partnering with the United States to eliminate ISIS remnants and halt foreign fighter flows.”

The visit follows a week of major policy shifts. On Thursday, the U.N. Security Council voted 14-0, with China abstaining, to remove sanctions on al-Sharaa and Syria’s interior minister. Additionally, Reuters reported that al-Sharaa and his interior minister, Anas Khattab, had formerly been subject to financial sanctions targeted at al Qaeda and ISIS, with the United States designating them Specially Designated Global Terrorists.

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SYRIA’S INTERIM PRESIDENT AL-SHARAA EXPECTED TO MEET WITH TRUMP IN FIRST VISIT BY SYRIAN LEADER TO WHITE HOUSE

In this photo released by the Saudi Royal Palace, interim Syrian President Ahmad al-Sharaa shakes hands with President Donald Trump in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on May 14. At right is Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.  (AP)

The meeting comes about six weeks after al-Sharaa — the former commander of Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham, once affiliated with al Qaeda — addressed the U.N. General Assembly on Sept. 24, the first by a Syrian head of state in six decades. There, he urged the West to lift sanctions and called for international support to rebuild the country.

According to the administration official, that is about to happen: “Treasury, State, and Commerce will jointly announce measures taken to lift economic restrictions and provide compliance clarity for investors. The United States will allow Syria to resume operations at its Embassy in Washington to further counterterrorism, security, and economic coordination.”

Syrian officials are seeking a reassessment of the Caesar Act sanctions, the main U.S. law still restricting commercial ties with Damascus. 

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The senior administration official told Fox News Digital, “The Administration is issuing a 180-day suspension of the Caesar Act and is urging Congress to permanently repeal the Act to unlock economic growth. The Trump Administration supports the full repeal of the Caesar Act. This is in line with the President’s announcement on cessation of sanctions. Removal is key to allowing U.S. business and regional states to operate in Syria.”

Syrian security forces walk together along a street, after clashes between Syrian government troops and local Druze fighters resumed in the southern Druze city of Sweida early on Wednesday, collapsing a ceasefire announced just hours earlier that aimed to put an end to days of deadly sectarian bloodshed, in Sweida, Syria July 16, 2025.  (Karam al-Masri/Reuters)

EVANGELICAL LEADER SAYS US MUST PROTECT SYRIAN CHRISTIANS FROM ATTACKS BY JIHADI TERRORISTS

Rep. Abe Hamadeh, R-Ariz., who visited Damascus this summer, told Fox News Digital he views the visit as an opportunity to end years of bloodshed.

“This is the first chance Syria has to emerge from decades of brutal oppression and more than a decade of civil war,” the congressman said. “I went to Damascus to make sure missing Americans like Kayla Mueller are not forgotten, to advocate for expanding the Abraham Accords, and to remind Syria’s new leaders that they must include minorities like the Druze, Christians, and Kurds and protect their rights.”

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On Friday, about 100 influential Christian leaders sent a letter to President Trump calling on him to raise the issue of minority rights and protection with the Syrian leader. The letter was led by Dede Laugesen, president of Save the Persecuted Christians, and included Ralph Reed, Tony Perkins, Samuel Rodriguez, Rob McCoy and Alveda King.

Syrian citizens and security forces inspect the damage inside Mar Elias church where a suicide bomber detonated himself in Dweil’a on the outskirts of Damascus, Syria, Sunday, June 22, 2025. (Omar Sanadiki/AP Photo)

In it, they thanked Trump for his efforts in protecting Christians and also asked him to bring up the issue with al-Sharaa. “We urge you to address directly the massacre of Christians, Kurds, Druze, and Alawites in Syria, notably in the greater Suwayda area. These religious minorities face ongoing violence, death, displacement, starvation, and water and medical deprivation—all while innocent women and children are held hostage by ISIS terrorists.”

“Mr. President, we respectfully request that you secure President al-Sharaa’s commitment to opening a secure humanitarian corridor from Hader to Suwayda in southern Syria. This corridor will enable safe and secure aid delivery and civilian evacuation, signaling the new government’s commitment to minority rights and stability,” the letter stated.

SYRIA’S NEW PRESIDENT TAKES CENTER STAGE AT UNGA AS CONCERNS LINGER OVER TERRORIST PAST

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President of Syria Ahmad Al-Sharaa speaks during the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) at the United Nations headquarters on Sept. 24, 2025, in New York City.  (Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images)

Ahmad Sharawi of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies told Fox News Digital that Washington hopes to use the meeting to pursue stability and contain Iran’s influence.

“The U.S. interest is having a government that is willing to fight ISIS and stop Iran from re-emerging,” he said. “I think the U.S. will try to find a solution to the Kurdish issue in northeast Syria and build a unified country with no decentralization or federalism.”

He cautioned that al-Sharaa’s domestic record shows “a political system that is not inclusive” and a pattern of power centralization. Despite those concerns, he added, many Syrians see him as “the only figure capable of holding the country together.”

People welcome the leader of Syria’s Islamist Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) group that headed a lightning rebel offensive snatching Damascus from government control, Ahmed al-Sharaa (C), before his address at the capital’s landmark Umayyad Mosque on Dec. 8, 2024. Al-Sharaa gave a speech as the crowd chanted “Allahu akbar (God is greatest),” in a video shared by the rebels on their Telegram channel showed. (Aref Tammawi /AFP via Getty Images)

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In October, al-Sharaa traveled to Russia to meet with President Vladimir Putin — a move Sharawi said highlights both pragmatism and risk.

“One would think that 11 months ago, when the Russians were air-striking Idlib and al-Sharaa’s forces, we wouldn’t see al-Sharaa meeting with Putin in Moscow,” Sharawi said. “But it’s a clear indicator of how al-Sharaa operates — focused on securing his interests but also being pragmatic.”

He added that the outreach signals to the West that “if you don’t give me what I want, I have other countries I can lean on,” and said it’s an effort to secure weapons and political backing after years of war and loss of equipment.

SYRIAN PRESIDENT’S HISTORIC UN SPEECH JOINED BY THOUSANDS RALLYING OUTSIDE FOR PEACE AND TRUMP’S SUPPORT

Ahmed al-Sharaa, once known by his nom de guerre Abu Mohammed al-Jolani, is seen in Syria Feb. 7, 2023. Since becoming the country’s president, he has gone back to his given name. (OMAR HAJ KADOUR/AFP via Getty Images)

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“That’s why I asked CENTCOM’s Gen. Michael Kurilla during House Armed Services Committee hearings about these opportunities and risks — and wrote the NDAA section on assessing the feasibility of defense partnerships with the new Syrian government,” Hamadeh said. “We must ensure that ISIS and Iran never return and make sure the Russians and Chinese are kept at a distance.”

Syrian-American activist Hicham Alnchawati of the Syria Freedom Path organization told Fox News Digital that Syrians largely welcome the visit.

“They’re looking for a better future,” he said. “They suffered the war — there’s no water, no food, no economy, and no security. He knows his interest is with the U.S. He’s coming here to achieve mutual interests for both the U.S. and Syria.”

Alnchawati argued that lasting stability will require eliminating Iran’s and Hezbollah’s influence.

“If you really want stability in the Middle East, you have to finish the job with Hezbollah and the Iranians,” he said. “They have to be totally dismantled. Otherwise, they’ll reignite the conflict one more time.”

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Secretary of State Marco Rubio shakes hands with Syrian interim President Ahmad al-Sharaa at the Lotte New York Palace Hotel, on the sidelines of the 80th United Nations General Assembly at the United Nations headquarters, Monday, Sept. 22, 2025. (Bing Guan/Pool Photo via AP)

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The United Nations and U.S. sanctions decisions have sparked debate in Washington and Europe. Reuters and the Associated Press reported that some lawmakers and rights groups argue that legitimizing a former jihadist commander could undercut accountability for past abuses, while supporters say the relief offers Damascus an incentive to cooperate on counterterrorism and drug control.

Sharawi told Fox News Digital the policy to bid on al-Sharaa “gives Damascus a powerful incentive but leaves Washington exposed. The political cost of failure would be enormous.”

 

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Fact check: Has Marine Le Pen’s appeal been denied?

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Fact check: Has Marine Le Pen’s appeal been denied?

Misleading posts circulating on X claim that an appeal lodged by French far-right leader Marine Le Pen against a conviction barring her from running in the 2027 presidential election has been rejected.

In March, Judge Bénédicte de Perthuis sentenced Le Pen to a five-year ban on holding public office, effective immediately, after finding she was “at the heart” of a scheme to embezzle European parliamentary funds.

The Paris Criminal Court also handed down a four-year prison sentence — two years suspended and two to be served with an electronic bracelet — along with a €100,000 fine. Le Pen has described the verdict as a “political witch-hunt” and declared she would exhaust all legal avenues to overturn it.

One widely shared post, which has amassed more than 600,000 views, claims that her appeal has already been denied, that the “French people are outraged”, and that the “EU is behind” the rejection.

But where does Le Pen actually stand, and do any of the post’s claims hold weight?

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Has Le Pen’s appeal been rejected?

Essentially, to try and overturn her presidential ban as quickly as possible, Le Pen launched two separate challenges along French administrative and criminal paths.

On 15 October, the Council of State — France’s highest administrative court — rejected a legal challenge made by Le Pen against the country’s electoral rules.

It’s this administrative challenge that the post is likely referring to. As it happened weeks ago, it’s not breaking news, and it’s also separate from the appeal against her criminal conviction, which hasn’t been heard yet.

The administrative challenge concerned Le Pen’s removal from the electoral list in the Pas-de-Calais department, where she is an MP.

“Since she’s hit a wall in the criminal courts, Le Pen tried a side route: taking her case to the administrative courts,” Camille Aynès, constitutional law expert at the University of Paris Nanterre, told The Cube.

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“Why go that way? Not really to win back her council seat. The real goal was strategic — to create a case that would allow her to raise a ‘priority question of constitutionality’ (QPC),” she said. “That’s a special French mechanism allowing someone in a lawsuit to ask whether the law applied in their case violates the Constitution.”

Ultimately, the Council of State refused to pass her challenge along. The criminal provisions that Le Pen contested, according to the court, were either non-existent or unrelated.

“The criminal provisions she was challenging weren’t even applicable in this administrative dispute,” Aynès told The Cube. “In other words, this wasn’t a backdoor appeal of her criminal conviction.”

The main impact of the Council of State court’s rejection is that Le Pen lost an opportunity to have the issue reviewed quickly, instead of waiting months for her appeal trial.

It’s an issue that she will have wanted to resolve quickly amid the political unrest in France — if President Emmanuel Macron called snap presidential elections, they could take place before Le Pen’s criminal appeal ruling, leaving her unable to run, whatever the subsequent result is.

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Appeals yet to come

Despite claims made by online users that her appeal has been denied, Le Pen is launching a separate and larger appeal against her criminal conviction — the outcome of which is far from decided. A trial has been scheduled from 13 January until 12 February next year.

A verdict in this trial is expected before the summer, which would still give Le Pen time to stand in the 2027 presidential election, provided her sentence is overturned or reduced.

“The Council of State still has to rule on another QPC Le Pen filed over her removal as a regional councillor — but experts expect the outcome to be the same: no referral to the Constitutional Council,” Aynès told The Cube.

In July, Le Pen also sought an interim measure from the European Court of Human Rights — a Strasbourg-based court which interprets the European Convention on Human Rights — to quash the immediate application of her five-year ban. Her request was denied.

“At this point, only the criminal appeal can change things,” Aynès said. “If her verdict is upheld, she can then turn to the Court of Cassation [France’s supreme court for civil and criminal cases].”

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Is the European Union to blame and how popular is Le Pen?

As for the claims that the “EU is behind” Le Pen’s ban, they’re also wrong: the case and the conviction are entirely under the French judiciary.

The details in the case date back to when Le Pen was an MEP. Prosecutors say that, between 2004 and 2016, she and several of her party members diverted funds meant to pay for parliamentary assistants to finance party activities in France.

According to Aynès, the wrongdoing only stopped because the European Parliament blew the whistle.

“That’s the only sense in which the EU can be said to have been ‘involved’ — it alerted prosecutors,” she said.

Similar narratives conflating the European Union’s role in national courts were repeated on social media after Romanian presidential candidate Călin Georgescu was banned from running in the country’s presidential election by the constitutional court.

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Despite her legal woes, Le Pen and the National Rally (RN) party remain popular, so that part of the X post is true. At the time of her conviction, an Ifop Opinion poll placed her at 37%. More recent polling puts her and RN president Jordan Bardella between 33 and 37%, ahead of their political rivals.

Other claims that Bardella will run for her party as a presidential candidate are also unconfirmed, despite the 30-year-old having Le Pen’s vocal backing. RN did not respond to The Cube’s request for comment on the matter as of the time of publishing.

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Video: Powerful Tornado Leaves Trail of Destruction in Southern Brazil

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Video: Powerful Tornado Leaves Trail of Destruction in Southern Brazil

new video loaded: Powerful Tornado Leaves Trail of Destruction in Southern Brazil

The Brazilian authorities said several towns in the state of Paraná were struck by the tornado, which killed at least five people.
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