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Alaska Native community relocates as climate crisis ravages homes

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Alaska Native community relocates as climate crisis ravages homes

Final week, as Carolyn George slept in her residence within the small United States city of Newtok, Alaska, a scary sound jolted her awake.

“I heard a extremely loud bump,” George recalled in an interview with Al Jazeera. “And I felt it, too – my home fell a number of inches.”

Perched close to the Pacific Ocean, on the sting of the Ninglick River, Newtok is a part of the ancestral lands of the Yup’ik folks, an Indigenous group from subarctic Alaska. However the neighborhood is rapidly destabilising as local weather change thaws the bottom, placing residents like George at risk.

That’s why Newtok has develop into one of many first communities within the US to collectively transfer to a brand new location due to the local weather disaster.

In November, the US authorities introduced a voluntary, community-driven relocation program, led by the Inside Division, to assist tribal communities severely impacted by local weather threats.

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The division dedicated $115m from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Regulation and Inflation Discount Act to help 11 hard-hit tribes in planning relocation efforts. Of that funding, $25m goes to Newtok for its ongoing efforts to maneuver to a safer place.

George’s residence, like many within the Newtok neighborhood, faces flooding as frequent storms additional erode the land. An October storm not too long ago surrounded George’s home with water. Now when she walks, the home shakes.

It’s a residence she shares with one different grownup, 5 youngsters, two canine and a cat.

Your complete relocation plan for Newtok will price $160m, mentioned Sally Cox, a neighborhood resilience programmes supervisor for the Alaska Division of Commerce, Group and Financial Improvement.

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Cox estimates that one-third of Newtok’s inhabitants has already moved to Mertarvik, a brand new neighborhood on Nelson Island, a volcanically-formed island not weak to the identical stage of abrasion.

“I’m so grateful and comfortable as a result of the remainder of us are nonetheless ready to maneuver,” George mentioned of the federal funding.

Carolyn George’s daughter Willow cuddles one of many household canine outdoors in Newtok, Alaska, an Indigenous neighborhood compelled to relocate as the results of local weather change [Photo courtesy of Carolyn George]

Planning for many years

The Yup’ik folks first moved to Newtok in 1949. They had been beforehand nomadic, George defined: “They might transfer to camps by season by following the animals, the meals.”

It was when the US Bureau of Indian Affairs constructed faculties in Alaska, as a part of an effort to assimilate Indigenous peoples into white tradition, that the neighborhood was compelled to relocate to the Newtok web site. The city was established on what was, on the time, the furthest level up the river a barge might navigate to dump faculty constructing supplies.

Newtok was constructed on permafrost, floor that’s frozen all yr, which makes up nearly all of land within the north. It covers an estimated 23 million sq. kilometers (9 million sq. miles) in areas like Alaska, Canada, Greenland and Russia. For hundreds of years, a chilly local weather has stored the land frozen however international heating is thawing the ice trapped contained in the soil and sediment.

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Throughout the Arctic, the permafrost is collapsing, threatening the buildings, roads, pipelines and conventional searching and trapping territories. Permafrost additionally shops methane, which is launched because it melts, contributing to local weather change.

This yr, the annual Arctic Report Card from the US Nationwide Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) discovered that the Arctic continues to heat greater than twice as quick as the remainder of the globe.

When George, 39, was a lady, the permafrost was intact: “The land was lush and excessive. The river was slim and deep.”

However through the years, the land started to hunch. “The river is widening and getting shallow. And all over the place you stroll is moist now. It’s not dry prefer it was once,” she mentioned.

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All that water is encouraging mould progress in houses. Floods have unfold uncooked sewage all through the neighborhood. Youngsters expertise bronchial asthma and impetigo, a rash attributable to micro organism.

Newtok has been planning to maneuver for many years. George first heard in regards to the relocation effort when she was six. The relocation lastly started in October 2019, when 21 households with 140 adults and youngsters moved to Mertarvik.

Most Newtok buildings are too fragile to be moved, so the neighborhood is constructing new houses in Mertarvik. To date, about 28 homes have been constructed. The airport was not too long ago accomplished, and design is starting on the brand new faculty.

New federal technique

Since 2015, Miyuki Hino, an environmental social scientist who works on measuring and managing local weather impacts, has been researching communities that relocate because of local weather change.

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“It’s a tough private choice to maneuver for any purpose, and much more so to maneuver, not since you’re excited a few new alternative elsewhere, however since you really feel just like the place that you simply’ve lived is not a protected place to be,” she mentioned.

Providing federal funding to tribes in areas devastated by local weather change, like Newtok, is a brand new technique, Hino defined.

Traditionally, the US authorities hasn’t financially supported total communities transferring out of harmful locations, she defined. “We’ve been doing it family by family.”

The US Federal Emergency Administration Company (FEMA) has, for many years, purchased houses from individuals who have skilled injury from dwelling on floodplains. FEMA then restores the land to open house, Hino mentioned, including that this system is much from good and doesn’t work for everybody.

“So from the US perspective, serving to an entire neighborhood transfer on the similar time away from flood-prone locations, or locations affected by local weather change, is sort of new.”

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US President Joe Biden at the White House Tribal Nations Summit in November
On the White Home Tribal Nations Summit in November, US President Joe Biden introduced funds for relocating Indigenous communities affected by local weather change (AP Picture/Patrick Semansky)

In 2016, the Jean Charles Choctaw Nation, on Isle de Jean Charles in Louisiana, turned the primary federally funded effort to maneuver a complete neighborhood because of local weather change.

Hino mentioned Indigenous communities “have been paving the way in which by way of exhibiting how neighborhood planning for this may be carried out and likewise how arduous it’s to do inside present methods within the US”.

Funding relocation residence by residence can work for individuals who don’t have shut neighborhood ties, Hino mentioned, however for Indigenous communities that share language, tradition and traditions, the choice to fund a locally-led, community-scale transfer can also be a call to help tradition.

Native, state and federal funding helps communities adapt to local weather change by constructing sea partitions or burying energy traces. Hino believes relocation may be one other type of managing catastrophe threat.

There may be usually a false dichotomy introduced between defending one thing or transferring it, she defined. “There are conditions the place you’ll be able to shield issues by transferring them. And creating extra methods for folks to do this goes to be an increasing number of essential as local weather dangers worsen.”

An airplane parked at Newtok, Alaska
The remoted city of Newtok is a fly-in neighborhood, that means residents like Carolyn George should use air journey to entry the closest cities, the place they go for dentistry and different companies [Photo courtesy of Carolyn George]

‘A giant reduction’

Lisa Charles, George’s cousin, lives within the new neighborhood of Mertarvik.

Her outdated residence in Newtok had mould issues and she or he skilled floods blended with sewage. Her new house is “approach more healthy”, she mentioned. The heating system and filtered air alternate stop mould.

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“We don’t have any mould issues for now,” she mentioned. Her daughter’s bronchial asthma has improved and she or he doesn’t get impetigo any extra.

“It’s an enormous reduction,” Charles mentioned.

Newtok doesn’t have piped water and Mertarvik is similar. Nonetheless, Charles has a big tank on the porch linked to the toilet faucet, so she has operating water.

Charles feels safer now. “We’re not on permafrost,” she mentioned. “We’re on Nelson Island.”

George is wanting ahead to transferring, like her cousin and dwelling in a brand new residence on secure floor. “It’ll be cleaner, we get a contemporary begin,” she mentioned.

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Charles Oakley, MSG Still Sparring as Judge Weighs Dolan Testimony

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Charles Oakley, MSG Still Sparring as Judge Weighs Dolan Testimony

A federal judge in New York last Thursday issued a mixed set of rulings in retired New York Knicks star Charles Oakley’s long-lasting litigation against Madison Square Garden Networks over Oakley’s removal from his seat at a Knicks game in February 2017. The rulings indicate that unless the parties reach a settlement, a dispute that began shortly after Donald Trump became the 45th president could last well into Trump’s term as the 47th president.

U.S. District Judge Richard J. Sullivan sided with MSG on its demand that MSG chairman James Dolan face deposition only after MSG personnel are deposed. Sullivan agreed with MSG that having Dolan go last would help to “narrow the scope” of Dolan’s deposition. The judge reasoned that MSG employees “who were directly involved in Oakley’s removal and thus have the knowledge most relevant to determining whether unreasonable force was used against Oakley” should go first.

The fact that MSG employees haven’t yet been deposed is partly a reflection of the litigation’s turbulent path. The case has been dismissed twice at the trial level but reinstated twice by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, meaning it’s now in round three at the Southern District of New York. There are also disputed questions about key testimony and evidence that could further bog down the case. In the current version of the litigation, Oakley’s civil case is related to assault and battery claims stemming from his removal.

While Sullivan agreed Dolan would face deposition after MSG personnel, he sided against MSG’s request that Dolan not face deposition at all. 

The judge explained that Oakley’s assault and battery claims “ultimately boil down to two considerations.” The first is the amount of force MSG staff used to remove Oakley from the Garden and, second, whether that force “was objectively reasonable under the circumstances.” 

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Oakley believes Dolan instructed staff to remove him. Sullivan reasoned that Dolan’s potential testimony is relevant in that he would have to answer under oath about whether he instructed—by words and/or “hand gestures”—the security guards to push Oakley and use excessive force. If Dolan gave an instruction to use force, his testimony, Sullivan wrote, “would support the reasonable inference that the guards followed Dolan’s instructions and would therefore make it more probable that the guards did in fact push him.”

Sullivan further observed that Dolan’s testimony is relevant to a key factual question: Whether the security guards “only resorted to force after Oakley physically escalated the situation.” Oakley’s case would be hampered by a finding that he instigated the altercation, since, Sullivan explained, “it might have been reasonable for the security guards to use greater force if Oakley was behaving aggressively.”

The judge was similarly unpersuaded that Dolan ought to be exempt from deposition on account of the apex-witness doctrine. As Sportico detailed in September when Sullivan rejected MSG’s earlier attempt to invoke this doctrine, high-ranking executives are sometimes exempt from depositions since they lack personal knowledge of key facts. In his latest ruling, Sullivan said Dolan “is not the prototypical apex witness who sits in the knowledge or involvement in the underlying conduct.”

Instead, Dolan literally “had a courtside seat to the action” and is accused of being involved in the incident. “The apex doctrine is plainly inapplicable here,” Sullivan insisted. 

Sullivan also disagreed with MSG that Oakley is merely trying to depose Dolan to harass him. MSG cites text messages sent to Oakley from people urging the former player to go after Dolan, with one text saying Oakley should “sue the [expletive] out of Dolan.” Another text encouraged Oakley to use the discovery process to inflict a “public relations, social media, [and] social responsibility toll.” With negative attention stemming from the case, MSG might be more inclined to cut a deal. Sullivan didn’t find this evidence indicative of an intent by Oakley to harass, as there’s no evidence Oakley responded or otherwise endorsed the texts.

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“We are pleased that the Court denied James Dolan’s latest attempt to avoid being deposed in this case,”  Wigdor Law partner Valdi Licul, who is one of Oakley’s attorneys, told Sportico in a statement. 

In September, the two sides told Sullivan their “present best estimate” was that a trial would take a couple of weeks. The judge at the time indicated there would be a post-discovery conference on March 4, 2025, though the parties’ recent disagreement about discovery suggests the case has a long way to go.

(In the next-to-last paragraph, Wigdor Law amended its original statement, replacing “to be excused from deposition in this case” to read “to avoid being deposed in this case.”)

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Top NATO military official urges businesses to be prepared for ‘wartime scenario’

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Top NATO military official urges businesses to be prepared for ‘wartime scenario’

A top military official with NATO warned businesses on Monday to be ready for a wartime scenario, which could entail adjusting production and distribution lines to be less vulnerable to blackmail from Russia and China.

Dutch Admiral Rob Bauer, the chairperson of NATO’s military committee, told attendees at an event of the European Policy Center think tank in Brussels that all available instruments could be used during a time of war, according to a report from Reuters.

“If we can make sure that all crucial services and goods can be delivered no matter what, then that is a key part of our deterrence,” Bauer said.

He also said NATO is seeing a growing number of sabotage acts while Europe has seen the same when it comes to its energy supply.

UKRAINE TO ANALYZE FRAGMENTS OF MISSILE FIRED BY RUSSIA CAPABLE OF CARRYING NUCLEAR WARHEADS

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Rob Bauer, chair of the military committee, warned business leaders to be prepared for a wartime scenario as tensions continue to escalate between Russia and Ukraine. (Ore Huiying/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

“We thought we had a deal with Gazprom, but we actually had a deal with Mr. Putin. And the same goes for Chinese-owned infrastructure and goods. We actually have a deal with [Chinese President] Xi [Jinping],” Bauer told the group.

The west, Bauer explained, depends on supplies from China, as 60% of all rare earth materials are produced, and 90% of those are processed there.

Also coming from China are chemical ingredients for sedatives, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and low blood pressure medications, he further explained.

‘NEW’ RUSSIAN MISSILE USED AGAINST UKRAINE NOT HYPERSONIC, DEFENSE OFFICIALS SAY

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Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping meet in China

Chinese President Xi Jinping, right, and Russian President Vladimir Putin talk to each other during their meeting in Beijing, China on Feb. 4, 2022. (Alexei Druzhinin/Sputnik/Kremlin Pool Photo via AP)

“We are naive if we think the Communist Party will never use that power,” Bauer said. “Business leaders in Europe and America need to realize that the commercial decisions they make have strategic consequences for the security of their nation.”

“Businesses need to be prepared for a wartime scenario and adjust their production and distribution lines accordingly,” he continued to stress. “Because while it may be the military who wins battles, it’s the economies that win wars.”

Bauer’s message comes as tensions between Ukraine and Russia continue to escalate.

1,000 DAYS OF WAR IN UKRAINE AS ZELENSKYY DOUBLES DOWN ON AERIAL OPTIONS WITH ATACMS, DRONES AND MISSILES

Ukraine war

A serviceman of the 24th Mechanized brigade named after King Danylo of the Ukrainian Armed Forces fires a 2s5 “Hyacinth-s” self-propelled howitzer towards Russian troops at a front line, amid Russia’s attack on Ukraine, near the town of Chasiv Yar in Donetsk region, Ukraine November 18, 2024.  (Oleg Petrasiuk/Press Service of the 24th King Danylo Separate Mechanized Brigade of the Ukrainian Armed Forces/Handout via REUTERS )

Last week, Russia launched an intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) capable of carrying conventional or nuclear warheads, into Ukraine.

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Ukrainian officials said the missile called Oreshnik — Russian for Hazel Tree — reached speeds of Mach 11 when it struck a factory in the city of Dnipro on Thursday.

While two U.S. officials told Fox News the missile was not hypersonic, deputy Pentagon press secretary Sabrina Singh told reporters on Thursday the attack was concerning and that it was the first time the missile had been used on the battlefield.

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North Korea also sent at least 11,000 soldiers to fight in Ukraine alongside Russian soldiers, further escalating tensions.

Reuters contributed to this report.

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Israel intensifies attacks on Lebanon but claims ceasefire deal ‘close’

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Israel intensifies attacks on Lebanon but claims ceasefire deal ‘close’

Israel’s military launched air attacks across Lebanon on Monday, unleashing explosions throughout the country and killing at least a dozen people, even as officials claimed they were nearing an agreement on a ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah.

Israeli attacks hit commercial and residential buildings in Beirut on Monday as well as in the port city of Tyre, where 12 people were killed – adding to the more than 3,700 people in Lebanon who have been killed by Israeli attacks in this two-month war.

Israeli officials said they targeted areas known as Hezbollah strongholds. They issued evacuation orders for Beirut’s southern suburbs, and attacks landed across the city, including metres from a Lebanese police base and the city’s largest public park.

Al Jazeera’s Zein Basravi, reporting from Beirut on Monday, said Israeli attacks across Lebanon in recent days were “more powerful, more destructive, more frequent and happening more often without warning – leaving people no time to get out of the way of Israeli missiles and drones”.

The barrages came as the Israeli ambassador to the United States said a ceasefire deal to end fighting between Israel and Lebanese group Hezbollah could be reached “within days”.

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Ambassador Mike Herzog told Israeli Army Radio on Monday that there remain “points to finalise” and any deal requires agreement from the government. But he said, “We are close to a deal”.

Israeli officials said Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s security cabinet was set to convene on Tuesday to discuss a proposed ceasefire.

Israel’s ambassador to the United Nations, Danny Danon, said Israel would maintain an ability to strike southern Lebanon under any agreement. Lebanon has previously objected to wording that would grant Israel such a right.

The US has pushed for a deal to end over a year of hostilities between Iran-backed Hezbollah and Israel, which erupted in parallel with Israel’s war against Hamas in Gaza and has drastically escalated over the last two months.

In Beirut, Elias Bou Saab, Lebanon’s deputy parliament speaker, told the Reuters news agency there were “no serious obstacles” left to start implementing a US-proposed ceasefire with Israel, “unless Netanyahu changes his mind”.

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He said the proposal would entail an Israeli military withdrawal from south Lebanon and regular Lebanese soldiers deploying in the border region, long a Hezbollah stronghold, within 60 days.

A sticking point on who would monitor compliance with the ceasefire had been resolved in the last 24 hours with an agreement to set up a five-country committee that includes France and is chaired by the US, he said.

But Bou Saab also accused Israel of ramping up its bombardment in order to pressure Lebanon to make concessions in indirect ceasefire negotiations with Hezbollah because “we are close to the hour that is decisive regarding reaching a ceasefire”.

After previous hopes for a ceasefire were dashed, US officials cautioned that negotiations were not yet complete and noted that there could be last-minute hitches that either delay or destroy an agreement.

“We have made significant progress with getting towards a resolution,” US National Security Council spokesman John Kirby told reporters. “But we are not done yet. Nothing is final until everything is final.”

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The French presidency reported “significant progress” in talks on a ceasefire and urged Israel and Hezbollah to “seize this opportunity”.

One far-right member of Netanyahu’s security cabinet, National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, said he would oppose it. He said on X that a deal with Lebanon would be a “big mistake” and a “missed historic opportunity to eradicate Hezbollah”.

But hostilities continue to intensify despite the reported diplomatic progress. Over the weekend, Israel carried out powerful attacks, one of which killed at least 29 people in central Beirut, while Hezbollah unleashed one of its biggest rocket salvos yet on Sunday, firing 250 missiles into Israel.

Lebanon’s Health Ministry said Israeli attacks since October 2023 have killed 3,768 people in Lebanon and forced more than one million people from their homes.

Hezbollah strikes have killed 45 civilians in northern Israel and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. At least 73 Israeli soldiers have been killed in northern Israel, the Golan Heights and in combat in southern Lebanon, according to Israeli authorities.

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Al Jazeera’s Basravi said that in past conflicts with Israel, there had been a surge of violence on both sides of the border, followed by a cessation.

“People are clinging to the hope that this is that moment,” he said.

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