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Bill Designed to Incentivize Colorado's Quantum Ecosystem Clears Major Legislative Hurdle

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Bill Designed to Incentivize Colorado's Quantum Ecosystem Clears Major Legislative Hurdle


Insider Brief

  • A bill to incentivize the adoption of quantum tech in Colorado has passed its third reading in the state Senate without any amendments.
  • With this third reading without alterations, the bill has cleared a critical legislative hurdle and moves on in the process.
  • The legislative success is a sign of support for Colorado’s quantum technology ecosystem with strategic tax incentives, among other programs and initiatives.

In what might be another critical step in the development for Colorado’s ambition to become a quantum initiative center, a bill to incentivize the adoption of quantum tech in that state has passed its third reading in the Senate without any amendments earlier this week.

The passage of its third reading means that the bill has cleared a critical legislative hurdle in the state Senate. It has maintained its original form without any alterations, and will now move on to the next step in the legislative process.

Supporters say this legislative success is a hopeful sign of the state’s backing of its quantum technology ecosystem with strategic tax incentives, among other programs and initiatives. The bill introduces tax credit programs aimed at fostering the development of quantum technology in Colorado, contingent upon the state securing substantial federal funding.

Corban Tillemann-Dick, CEO of Maybell and Co-Founder of Elevate Quantum, is excited about this next step in the process, as well as the overall program, which he says will significantly boost the growing quantum ecosystem in that state. The program is only part of the investment potential generated by the bill.

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“As the CEO of a rapidly growing quantum startup, it’s exciting to see the State of Colorado seize the initiative by backing globally-unique policies like the loan guarantee program,” said Tillemann-Dick. “Scale-up loan capital is particularly hard to access for new companies in new industries, holding back the development of important technologies like quantum. This $74 million bill will unlock $1 billion in private capital for fast growing Colorado companies. It gives US companies the capital they need to compete with China, currently the only place globally where quantum organizations can access loan capital at this scale. I’m confident this program alone will generate billions in returns and deliver key capabilities for our nation’s security.”

The bill’s primary focus is the creation of a 100% refundable income tax credit for investments in fixed capital assets — long-term physical assets used in business operations — to establish a shared quantum facility. This incentive, effective for income tax years starting January 1, 2025, and ending before January 1, 2033, aims to support projects that create central hubs for quantum business activities. The maximum aggregate amount for this facility credit is capped at $44 million, with a limit of $24 million for credits claimed in the year the project is placed in service. Qualified applicants may be individual entities or consortia working on eligible projects, as long as they are approved by the Office of Economic Development.

The process for claiming the facility credit involves several steps. Applicants must submit a facility credit reservation application to the Office of Economic Development, undergo preliminary and final reviews and obtain a facility credit reservation. Upon completing the project, applicants must certify their qualifying investments, after which the office reviews the project and investments before issuing a tax credit certificate. This certificate must be filed with the Department of Revenue. The bill also includes provisions for recapturing the credit if the project fails to maintain its eligibility status during a specified compliance period.

Additionally, the bill introduces a 100% refundable income tax credit to offset losses from loans made to quantum companies, effective for income tax years starting January 1, 2026, and ending before January 1, 2046. This loan loss reserve tax credit aims to mitigate financial risks for lenders supporting the quantum technology sector, according to the legislation. The credit amounts to up to 15 cents per dollar of an eligible loan, with a total cap of $30 million for all loan loss credits.

The Office of Economic Development or a contracted third-party administrator will manage the credit distribution, potentially using a competitive lender selection process.

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Expanding Economic Impact

By providing these tax incentives, Colorado could draw in additional federal funds, with the ultimate aim being the creation of a robust quantum technology ecosystem. That expanded ecosystem could include the construction of new physical spaces that attract students, researchers and entrepreneurs, said Massimo Ruzzene, University of Colorado Boulder vice chancellor for research and innovation and dean of the institutes.

“This bill takes a pivotal step by supporting the construction of a state-of-the-art quantum technology incubator,” said Ruzzene. “This facility—a collaboration between CU Boulder, Colorado School of Mines, CSU, and Elevate Quantum—will bridge the gap between higher education research labs and the quantum industry, exponentially expanding the economic impact of quantum science and technology in Colorado.”

Zachary Yerushalmi, CEO and Regional Innovation Officer of Elevate Quantum, added that the legislation is a good example of the intentionality needed to craft technological ecosystems, in this case, quantum tech, which could perhaps be history’s most complex technological endeavor.

“From semiconductors to biotech leadership, history has shown that globally leading technology clusters don’t emerge at random. Their success comes from deliberate and bold investments in the tools of innovation engines,” said Yerushalmi. “The investments by the State of Colorado that passed the General Assembly this week follow in the footsteps of the most defining and forward-looking technology investments of our time,” said. “These policies will create tens of thousands of jobs, billions in impact, and ensure that Colorado and the US will continue to lead the quantum economy for decades to come.”

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Loan Program Specifics

The legislation offers a glimpse into the mechanics of the loan program. For example, lenders must register their loans with the administrator to qualify for the loan loss credit, which can be claimed only after incurring a loss on a registered loan. The administrator will review applications, issue loan loss tax credit certificates and then periodically update the status of registered loans. Qualified applicants can use these certificates to offset losses incurred on registered loans, ensuring financial stability while supporting the growth of quantum businesses.

The bill mandates annual reporting to the General Assembly by the Office of Economic Development and the administrator on the status and effectiveness of the facility and loan loss credits. Legislators how this transparency improves accountability and allows for policy adjustments along the way to optimize the implementation and impact of the incentives.

This is a summary of the legislation and program, for a deeper dive into the legislation, please review terms of the bill here.

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Coworking firm Industrious takes former WeWork space in Denver

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Coworking firm Industrious takes former WeWork space in Denver


Industrious, a national coworking brand, is opening a new location in LoHi.

The company has snapped up 25,000 square feet at The Lab building at 2420 17th St., just off Platte Street. Industrious has an existing LoHi location just up the road at 2128 W. 32nd Ave.

“They are going to draw from different populations. … No doubt they’re close to each other, but [this is a] different product type, just in terms of build-out,” said Peri Demestihas, an Industrious executive.

Demestihas said the current LoHi location has been full for two years, which indicates demand for more space. That existing spot is more for established businesses with a greater emphasis on private offices. The new location will be geared more toward smaller companies and the solo entrepreneur.

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In total, there will be 379 dedicated “office seats” and 18 “access seats,” which can be used by anyone.

Industrious has a conservative mindset when it comes to growth, Demestihas said. The company also operates in Upper Downtown and by I-25 and Colorado Blvd.

“These are the submarkets we like and if we can find the right building and we can get the right structure, … without those things, we’re not going to go to those submarkets. It’s got to suit our members.”



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Contamination, climate change and political drama stall clean water for Colorado’s Arkansas Valley – High Country News

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Contamination, climate change and political drama stall clean water for Colorado’s Arkansas Valley – High Country News


The western stretch of the Arkansas River, which flows from its headwaters in the Rocky Mountains across the plains of southeastern Colorado, is in trouble. That trouble is compounded by uncertainty about what, exactly, is polluting and drying the river, and how such problems can be fixed. 

Overshadowed by the ongoing political brawl over the Colorado River, the Arkansas River Valley rarely appears in national news. But since Dec. 30, when President Donald Trump vetoed a bipartisan bill that would have secured favorable terms for funding to complete a $1.39 billion, 130-mile water pipeline, the region has become the stage for yet more drama about water in the Western U.S.

The Arkansas Valley Conduit is part of a decades-long effort to replace the dwindling, contaminated water in this stretch of the Arkansas Valley with clean water from Colorado’s Western Slope and the Pueblo Reservoir. If completed, it will supply water to roughly 50,000 valley residents, many of whom can no longer count on municipal supplies for safe drinking water.

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Pundits portrayed Trump’s veto as retaliation against Colorado politicians: Republican Rep. Lauren Boebert, who helped force the November vote for the release of the Epstein files, and Democratic Gov. Jared Polis, who has resisted pressure to pardon Tina Peters, a county clerk in western Colorado convicted of tampering with voting machines during the 2020 election. Sens. Michael Bennet and John Hickenlooper, both Democrats, condemned the administration for “putting personal and political grievances ahead of Americans.” The Salida-based Ark Valley Voice declared a “Reign of Retribution Punishing Deep Red Southeastern Colorado.” The New York Times, emphasizing the same irony, observed that “A Trump Veto Leaves Republicans in Colorado Parched and Bewildered.” 

For those managing the project, the veto is a setback but not a showstopper. The first dozen miles of the conduit have already been completed, and enough capital is on hand for at least three more years of construction. “Some (coverage) has been saying it’s the end of the project, which is totally false,” said Chris Woodka, senior policy and issues manager of the Southeastern Colorado Water Conservancy District. “It’s still being built; the veto was not for any reason that had anything to do with the project, and we’re working in every way we can to make this affordable.” 

For valley residents, the issue is personal. This rural region is more culturally aligned with western Kansas than with Front Range cities. Like people throughout the Great Plains, the local residents are grappling with eroding social services and the rising cost of living. The scarcity of safe water magnifies uncertainty. “If you don’t have clean water,” said Jack Goble, general manager of the Lower Arkansas Valley Water Conservancy District and a sixth-generation rancher, “you really don’t have anything.”

A resident prepares to fill jugs with purified water at the Rocky Ford Food Market in Rocky Ford, Colorado. The town’s water supply is contaminated with unsafe levels of radium and uranium. Credit: Michael Ciaglo
Lawrence Armijo, maintenance operator for the town of Manzanola’s water treatment plant. While the plant filters out most toxins, it is not equipped to remove radium and uranium from the groundwater.
Lawrence Armijo, maintenance operator for the town of Manzanola’s water treatment plant. While the plant filters out most toxins, it is not equipped to remove radium and uranium from the groundwater. Credit: Michael Ciaglo

“HOW EASY IT IS,” wrote William Mills in his 1988 book The Arkansas, “to take a river for granted.” 

The Arkansas Valley of Colorado is the ancestral homelands of the Plains Apache, Comanche, Kiowa, Cheyenne and Arapaho peoples. A geographical corridor across the Southern Plains, it was a route for incursions and ethnic cleansing by non-Native fur trappers, traders, military expeditions, hide hunters, railroad developers and settlers. Those settlers include my ancestors; I grew up in southwest Kansas, where generations of my family farmed and ranched along the dry Cimarron River. The Arkansas Valley, with its dwindling water and flatlands, feels like home.

By 1900, settlers had diverted the Arkansas into a maze of ditches. Irrigation and migrant labor supported sugar beet factories, vegetable cultivation and Rocky Ford’s famous melons. Such practices remade the riverbed, increased salinity, and reduced flow. As with the Colorado River, water rights were assigned partly on wishful thinking. Today, the Arkansas Valley is one of the region’s most over-appropriated basins, and the river’s annual flow has dramatically declined. A short distance past the Kansas line, the river is entirely dry.

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The Arkansas is being drained in new ways. Climate change and a record-breaking snow drought are intensifying the scarcity. Over the last half-century, growing Front Range cities have purchased water rights from farmers in the valley. Exchange agreements allow cities to swap these rights for ones farther upstream, leaving the downstream flow diminished and dirtier. Between 1978 and 2022, nearly 44% of the irrigated farmland in the Lower Arkansas Valley Water Conservancy District was taken out of production.

Critics call it “buy-and-dry.” They say the removal of water has disastrous consequences for an agricultural region. “If you take all of that water out of an economy that completely depends on it,” Goble said, “it just breaks a community.” Faced with the prospect of litigation from local water districts, cities like Aurora claim to be developing more sustainable arrangements.

“If you don’t have clean water, you really don’t have anything.”

THE ARKANSAS’ WATER is changing, too. The river is diverted into dozens of canals and fields. What doesn’t evaporate or get absorbed returns as runoff or sinks through the alluvial gravels that connect to the riverbed. Each time a drop of water returns, it carries more dissolved minerals. As the river’s volume lessens, the concentration increases in what is left. By the time the river reaches the Kansas border, the water regularly contains 4,000 milligrams or more per liter — making it about eight times saltier than a typical sports drink and unsuitable for growing many crops.

Minerals are not the only problem. The river basin and alluvial gravels are also contaminated with radium and uranium. Last year, a study by the Colorado Geological Survey found that the levels of radioactivity in more than 60% of the private wells sampled in the valley exceeded federal standards. 

The radionuclides are called “naturally occurring.” But natural uranium usually stays locked in rock. In the valley, irrigated agriculture sets it into motion. Uranium is mobilized by complex interactions between oxygen, sediments, water, microbes and nitrate. Nitrate is a common fertilizer. One study found that valley farmers had over-applied it for decades. This pulls out radionuclides, turns them loose, and flushes them into the river’s shallow aquifer. Levels rise as the river moves east through agricultural lands.

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Contamination is not news in the valley. People have worked on cooperative solutions for decades. To meet safe water standards while the conduit is under construction, the towns of La Junta and Las Animas installed filtration systems. But cleaning the water creates hyper-contaminated wastewater, which is currently diluted and poured back into the river.  “The only true solution,” said Bill Long, president of the Southeastern Colorado Water Conservancy District board, “is a new source.”

Orlando Rodriguez, Pate Construction foreman, climbs out of a hole where sections of the Arkansas Valley Conduit will be connected.
Orlando Rodriguez, Pate Construction foreman, climbs out of a hole where sections of the Arkansas Valley Conduit will be connected. Credit: Michael Ciaglo

THE CONDUIT WOULD PROVIDE safe water to a region too often disregarded. But the project also raises questions about what can truly be bypassed and what cannot, and about the fate of the river itself.

Near Cañon City, upstream from the conduit, the Lincoln Park/Cotter Superfund site contains a former uranium mill, millions of tons of radioactive waste, coal mineworks and tailing ponds. The site sits less than two miles from the Arkansas River. It is known to be contaminated with the same compounds — radionuclides, selenium, sulfates — that affect communities downstream.  

Local residents have worked for decades to raise awareness and hold a revolving cast of agencies, regulators and owners accountable for the pollution. “It has taken us a lifetime,” said Jeri Fry, co-chair of Colorado Citizens Against Toxic Waste. “As the years have gone by, we have been the ones holding the memory.” 

“The only true solution is a new source.”

Without memory, they say, contamination is normalized as background, treated as an isolated issue, or denied. “We’ve been stonewalled on many of our legitimate concerns,” said Carol Dunn, vice-chairperson of the Lincoln Park/Cotter Community Advisory Group. She believes state regulators avoid testing for fear of uncovering inconvenient facts.

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The most inconvenient would suggest connections between contamination in the valley and industrial pollution upstream, which affects not only Cañon City but the communities of Leadville, Pueblo and Fountain Creek. For Fry, all of the known and unknown pressures on the river point to the same fundamental problem. “We are not treating our water as though it is a sacred thing,” she said. “And it is. It’s got to be.” 

Russell Van Dyk, owner of Lloyd’s Ice and Water in Rocky Ford, Colorado, closes up his store at the end of the day. The residents of Rocky Ford and surrounding towns rely on purified drinking water because the area’s groundwater has been contaminated by uranium and radium.
Russell Van Dyk, owner of Lloyd’s Ice and Water in Rocky Ford, Colorado, closes up his store at the end of the day. The residents of Rocky Ford and surrounding towns rely on purified drinking water because the area’s groundwater has been contaminated by uranium and radium. Credit: Michael Ciaglo

We welcome reader letters. Email High Country News at editor@hcn.org or submit a letter to the editor. See our letters to the editor policy.

This article appeared in the May 2026 print edition of the magazine with the headline “The absence of clean water.”   

This story is part of High Country News’ Conservation Beyond Boundaries project, which is supported by the BAND Foundation and the Mighty Arrow Family Foundation.

Spread the word. News organizations can pick-up quality news, essays and feature stories for free.

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2026 Rockies’ good, bad and tradeable at the season’s quarter mark

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2026 Rockies’ good, bad and tradeable at the season’s quarter mark


By almost every measure, the 2026 Rockies are better than the ’25 Rockies. And, by almost every measure, the Rockies have a long way to go to become a contending big-league baseball team.

After getting bludgeoned by Kyle Schwarber and shut down by ace lefty Cristopher Sanchez in a 6-0 loss at Philadelphia on Sunday, the Rockies are 16-25 with one-quarter of the season in the books.

Schwarber hit solo home runs in the first and second innings off right-hander Tomoyuki Sugano, who gave up five runs on seven hits over five innings. Sanchez dominated Colorado for seven innings, giving up six hits, striking out seven, and walking none. He reduced his ERA to 2.11.

It was a step back for Colorado, but a week ago, Paul DePodesta, president of baseball operations, said, “We’re certainly encouraged by a lot of what’s going on, but at the same time, far from satisfied.”

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Here’s a look at the state of the Rockies at the quarter pole:

• On pace: The Rockies’ .390 winning percentage has them pointed toward a 63-99 record. That would be a 20-game improvement over their 119-loss season in 2025 and enable them to avoid the infamy of being the first team since the 1961-64 Washington Senators to post four consecutive 100-loss seasons.

• White Sox meter: Chicago’s Southsiders lost a major league record 121 games in 2024. At the quarter pole last year, they were a miserable 12-29, but they eventually finished with a 60-102 record. That was a 19-game improvement.

• Road conditions: Colorado was laughably bad on the road last season, going 18-63, averaging just 2.81 runs per game, and getting outscored by 213 runs. The ’26 Rockies no longer look like automatic roadkill. They are 8-14 away from Coors Field but 6-4 over their last 10 games. They are averaging 3.95 runs per game on the road.

• Rotation in motion: The ’25 Rockies finished with a starters ERA of 6.65, the worst in the majors since ERA became an official statistic in 1913. This season’s starters own a 5.27 ERA, still the worst in the majors, but an improvement. Toss out the innings thrown by “openers” and the starters’ ERA is 5.11.

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• Ace in the making? Right-hander Chase Dollander, who has the pure best stuff on the staff, is exponentially better this season than last — 3.35 ERA vs. 6.98 ERA as a rookie. On Friday, he held the Phillies to two runs and three hits in 5 2/3 innings, but walked five in the Rockies’ wild, 9-7, 11-inning victory. Dollander’s command was not sharp, but he didn’t implode as he might have last season.

“Every outing is different, for everybody,” Rockies manager Warren Schaeffer told MLB.com. “Today, for Chase, he had to battle command issues, but his stuff is so good that he was able to stay in it. He competed, and he kept grinding without his best command.”

Colorado Rockies’ Chase Dollander pitches during the first inning of a baseball game against the Philadelphia Phillies, Friday, May 8, 2026, in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke)

Trade material: Except for Dollander, Colorado’s four other starters are all veterans in the final year of their contracts. That makes them possible trade candidates at the Aug. 3 deadline, if not before.

However, after a strong start to the season, the starters are beginning to fade. Lefty Kyle Freeland (1-4, 6.00 ERA) has a vesting option worth $17 million for 2027, but he needs to pitch 170 innings to activate that option, and it’s doubtful he will. There is a $9 million team option for right-hander Michael Lorenzen, but considering that he is 2-4 with a 6.92 ERA and a 3.56 batting average against, it’s doubtful the Rockies would pick up his option. But are either Lorenzen or Freeland tradeable?

That leaves lefty Jose Quintana (1-2, 3.90 ERA) and Sugano (3-3, 4.07 ERA) as the most attractive trade pieces. And throw in reliever Antonio Senzatela (2-0, 1.11 ERA), too, because he’s also in the final year of his contract.

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Somehow, someway, the Rockies are going to have to restock their pitching cupboard for next season and beyond. It’s a predicament that DePodesta and company will have to solve.

Men of mystery: The hope was that this would be corner outfielder Jordan Beck’s breakout season, and that centerfielder Brenton Doyle and shortstop Ezequiel Tovar would bounce back. It’s early, but it’s not happening.

After going 1 for 3 on Sunday, Beck is hitting .169 with a .490 OPS. Doyle (.196, .529, 33.6% strikeout rate) is showing signs of rebounding, as is Tovar (.197, .277, 28.6%), who had two singles on Sunday. Still, the trio is underperforming. Beck and Doyle are often supplanted in the lineup by Mickey Moniak and newcomers Troy Johnston and Jake McCarthy.

The Rockies' Mickey Moniak heads up the first base line after hitting a triple off New York Mets relief pitcher Craig Kimbrel in the eighth inning of a baseball game Monday, May 4, 2026, in Denver. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski)
The Rockies’ Mickey Moniak heads up the first base line after hitting a triple off New York Mets relief pitcher Craig Kimbrel in the eighth inning of a baseball game Monday, May 4, 2026, in Denver. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski)

After a 1-for-4 performance on Sunday, Moniak is hitting .303 with a 1.004 OPS and leads the Rockies with 11 home runs. Moniak has had hot streaks before with the Angels, but then faded. However, the Rockies believe he can sustain his success.



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