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Alaska: The Sad Story of the Navy’s Failed Mini-Battleship Plan

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Alaska: The Sad Story of the Navy’s Failed Mini-Battleship Plan


The Alaska-class appeared like a good suggestion in principle. And, but, these mini-battleships, or what we all know in the present day and formally referred to as a battlecruiser, failed for a lot of causes. Right here is why: The idea of “battlecruiser” had been conceived within the early twentieth century as an evolution of the armored cruiser. The thought was to create a warship that had the velocity of a quick cruiser with a highly effective important battery that was close to on par with that of a battleship. Nevertheless, after the First World Warfare, the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 primarily restricted the variety of capital ships that the key powers might possess and that included the battlecruiser.

In consequence, the United States Navy, which had constructed a fleet of battleships, had been a latecomer to the battlecruiser idea. It wasn’t till the late Thirties {that a} want for such a warship was even seen.

Meet the Alaska-class

The origin of the Alaska­-class started within the Thirties when Nazi Germany developed a category of huge but quick cruisers that the British Royal Navy dubbed “pocket battleships.” The U.S. Navy sought to counter these warships with the Alaska-class. Nevertheless, the event of this new class of warship had really lingered on the drafting board till the U.S. Navy responded to the rumors that Japan was constructing its personal “tremendous cruisers.”

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President Franklin D. Roosevelt has been credited with supporting this system, which was thus created as a lot from politics as from true wartime pondering.

Designed to prowl the oceans and seek out enemy commerce raiders, these “battlecruisers” possessed excessive velocity and appreciable firepower; but weren’t highly effective sufficient and lacked the armor safety to tackle precise battleships. In consequence, critics of the vessels have instructed they have been each state-of-the-art and out of date on the similar time.

All six of the subsequently deliberate vessels have been to be named after territories or insular areas of the US and the explanation was considerably becoming in that these weren’t battleships, that are sometimes named for states; nor have been the ships really cruisers, which had been named for cities and city. The Alaska-class was primarily a brand new, and even unchartered, territory in warship design.

In response to Jane’s Combating Ships of World Warfare II –initially revealed by the navy analyst agency as Jane’s Combating Ships 1940/41/42/43/44/45 – all have been “Ordered in September and formally described as ‘Bigger Cruisers.’ Actually, they’re the primary battlecruisers to be ordered by any Navy because the Washington Convention met in 1921. The 12-inch weapons are of a brand new and highly effective mannequin. Inclusive value is formally estimated at $74,066,000 per ship. Three extra ships of this kind, Philippines, Puerto Rico and Samoa, approved in 1940, have been cancelled on June 24, 1943. Hawaii, nonetheless incomplete has been laid up awaiting ultimate determination regarding armament, which can be modified to incorporate rocket projectors.”

USS Alaska (CB-1) entered service in June 1944, whereas her sister USS Guam (CB-2) joined the fleet a couple of months later. A 3rd ship within the class, USS Hawaii (CB-3), was laid down and nonetheless underneath building when the struggle ended, whereas the three moreover deliberate vessels have been subsequently canceled.

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The Alaska-Class in Wartime

Displacing almost 34,253 lengthy tons underneath full load, the Alaska-class was barely on the massive finish for cruisers however was by no means a battleship. The ships primarily arrived in time to fulfill a menace that now not existed.

They have been fitted with 9 12-inch/50 caliber Mark 8 naval weapons, a barrel measurement not really utilized by the U.S. Navy in three a long time; nonetheless, it was really a brand new breed of naval cannon. It was in a position to fireplace particular “tremendous heavy” shells that supplied efficiency barely superior to that of the older battleships mounting 14-inch naval weapons. The Mark 8 was really thought-about probably the most highly effective naval gun of the struggle when it comes to measurement.

The Alaska-class was designed to withstand cruiser weapons although it lacked the armor of the bigger battle wagons. Moreover, the vessels have been designed with out a torpedo protection system, so that they couldn’t have simply prowled on enemy transport on their very own.

Nevertheless, what the ships lacked in armor and safety they made up for in velocity because the ships might obtain as much as 33 knots, which allowed them to maintain tempo with carriers – at the least in principle. Because of the size of the battlecruiser and its single rudder meant it had a big turning radius of 800 yards, which wouldn’t have been preferrred in fight.

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Thankfully, the 2 vessels have been by no means really put to the check.

Neither USS Alaska nor USS Guam ever really confronted Japanese battlecruisers in fight, and as a substitute, each ships served largely in assist of U.S. landings and escort roles. Through the summer time of 1945, the 2 ships performed a number of shore bombardment missions, and when the struggle ended every supplied help within the switch of energy of Korea from Japanese to Allied forces. Each ships participated in Operation Magic Carpet, the repatriation of American forces.

The 2 battlecruisers have been decommissioned in February 1947 and remained within the reserve fleet in New Jersey till the Sixties, when every was damaged up for scrap. As famous by Jane’s, the third ship of the category, the unfinished USS Hawaii was briefly thought-about for conversion to a guided-missile cruiser to fireside the U.S. Navy’s model of the German V-2 Rocket, however the plan did not get previous lawmakers in Congress, and later to have her function as a command ship alongside the Baltimore-class cruiser USS Northampton, however by no means mission moved ahead. The unfinished ship was scrapped in 1959 and with it ended the U.S. Navy’s experiment with the battlecruiser.

Now a Senior Editor for 1945, Peter Suciu is a Michigan-based author who has contributed to greater than 4 dozen magazines, newspapers and web sites. He repeatedly writes about navy {hardware}, and is the writer of a number of books on navy headgear together with A Gallery of Army Headdress, which is offered on Amazon.com. Peter can also be a Contributing Author for Forbes.



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Alaska

Heat spreads across Alaska with no widespread rain in sight

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Heat spreads across Alaska with no widespread rain in sight


ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) – Tuesday was the fifth day in a row with above-average temperatures in Anchorage, and the 10th consecutive day without any measurable rainfall. This warm and dry trend will continue through the end of June, and likely into the first week of July.

High pressure is centered over the state. With the upper-level winds forced north, most of Alaska will stay storm-free.

The same cannot be said for the Aleutians or across the Bering Sea. An area of low pressure is spreading north, bringing high winds, rain, and a high surf to the northern Kuskokwim Bay coast. This area should be prepared for water levels to rise three to six feet above normal high tide. Wind gusts of 45 to 50 mph are also likely.

The Aleutians will also stay cool Wednesday, but high temperatures will climb back to the upper 60s and low 70s across Southcentral, mid- to upper 60s across Southeast, to the 80s across the Interior, and even to the 60s on the Slope.

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Anchorage has already reached 75 degrees or above three times this month. We’ve only seen three days over 75 degrees in June six times in recorded history. The overall average temperature for June is only about half a degree above what is normal but is about 2 degrees above June to date of 2023. This month’s rainfall is also significantly lower than what most of Anchorage experienced last June, which brought 17 days with measurable precipitation, while this year, we’ve seen just four days with rain.

The number of active wildfires in the state is up to 222 as of Tuesday evening, and 22 of those are new in the past 24 hours. Fortunately, lighting activity was lower on Tuesday, with fewer than 1,000 strikes recorded. More than 5,000 lightning strikes were recorded in Alaska on Monday, and more than 6,000 were tallied on Sunday.

With high fire danger continuing, use extra caution to keep from adding any additional human-caused fires. Burn permits are suspended in the Mat-Su and Interior. Open fires are prohibited in Anchorage.



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Report identifies opportunities restoring access to SE Alaska fisheries – The Cordova Times

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Report identifies opportunities restoring access to SE Alaska fisheries – The Cordova Times


Floating oyster growing system by Erik O’Brien at Larsen Bay, Kodiak. Photo courtesy of Erik O’Brien

A new report compiled by the Alaska Sustainable Fisheries Trust (ASFT) in Sitka finds that Southeast Alaska communities are losing access to fisheries, but also identifies opportunities for implementing new ways to restore such access for the region. 

“Based on what we heard from the dozens of community members who participated in our survey, it is clear that Southeast’s communities, particularly Indigenous communities, are losing access to fisheries and their future access remains uncertain,” said Linda Behnken, ASFT board president. “However, it is also clear that we have some real opportunities when it comes to designing and implementing new tools to help restore this access and ensure that local needs are being factored into larger discussions and decisions concerning Southeast’s economy.” 

The report, released June 18, compiles findings of a regional survey ASFT distributed to area residents this spring in collaboration with the Sustainable Southeast Partnership (SSP) — proposing ways to address issues. The report was funded by the Southeast Conference through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Southeast Alaska Sustainability Strategy initiative.  

ASFT said the goal is to assist local communities by providing data and information for future dialogues and community development planning, increasing awareness and encouraging more funds for fishery access-related projects. Participating communities included Angoon, Craig, Haines, Kake, Ketchikan, Klawock, Klukwan, Juneau, Sitka, Wrangell, and Yakutat.  

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Responses from these communities universally identified the fisheries as a crucial element of Southeast Alaska’s culture and economy moving forward. Respondents expressed concern about their ability to access and have a sustainable livelihood from local fisheries through traditional harvesting, commercial or recreational fishing. 

Respondents’ key concerns included the changing climate and environment of Southeast Alaska and a sense of unpredictability for the future of marine resources. They expressed a lack of confidence that current scientific approaches to fishery management will be adequate in light of significant changes affecting the region and its resources due to climate change. 

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The report also discussed existing systems of governance that challenge access to fishery resources, challenges with limited access management at the state and federal levels and loss of community infrastructure such as processors, fish buyers, cold storage, marine services and/or transportation often initiated with the trend in outmigration of fishery access in remote communities. 

Many participating area residents said the utmost priority is protection and perpetuation of a traditional way of life, with commercial fishing considered secondary, as a tool to bridge the traditional and cash economies. 

They discussed the rapid growth of tourism in Southeast Alaska as something feeding competition and tensions between local-commercial and traditional-use harvesters and non-local harvesters in the sportfish sector. 

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The report included recommendations for building more equitable and accessible fisheries in Southeast Alaska, including incorporating climate change variability and unpredictability into fishery management tools to facilitate fishery access and to ensure that other industries, including tourism and mariculture, do not further limit fishery access.   

Recommendations also included establishing regional entities to hold quota/permits (such as regional Community Quota Entities and regional fisheries trusts) and more investment in community infrastructure. 
Behnken said that ASFT was grateful to everyone who shared their thoughts on this complex topic. 

“We hope that this report will uplift their voices and be a chance for the public, policy makers, and others to better understand some of the challenges that many Southeast residents are facing so that we can collectively find solutions and build a resilient and vibrant future for Southeast’s fisheries and communities,” she said. 

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Hot and dry conditions lead to increasing wildfire danger across Alaska

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Hot and dry conditions lead to increasing wildfire danger across Alaska


ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) – Summer weather continues to build in across the state, as a ridge is greatly influencing the weather across Mainland Alaska. Temperatures have been warming into the 70s and 80s through the Interior, while Southcentral has seen highs in the 60s and the 70s. This stretch of warm weather will remain through the week, accompanied by possibly thunderstorm development.

While hot and dry conditions have been building, the Aleutians are dealing with wet and breezy weather. This comes as a low near the Aleutians continues to lift to the north. Expect widespread rain through parts of this region, with the heaviest rain near the Pribilof Islands. Winds will gust anywhere from 30 to 65 mph. As the rain pushes to the northeast, it will run into ridging and quickly taper off into Wednesday. Some light rain showers look possible through parts of Southwest Alaska tomorrow morning, before the rain comes to an end.

Outside of the Aleutians and areas with thunderstorm formation, Alaska will remain on the drier side this week. While the ridge isn’t strong enough to cap thunderstorm development, it will prevent its widespread activity. It’s likely isolated to scattered storms will persist through the Interior and in Southcentral Alaska. A quick reminder that burn permits have been suspended in the Mat-Su Valley and Fairbanks due to the hot and dry conditions.

Any storms across Southcentral today will primarily impact western parts of the Matanuska Valley, the foothills of the Talkeetna Mountains and into the Copper River Basin. Storm motion will be to the north, so Anchorage and surrounding locations will largely stay dry. A rogue thunderstorm can’t be ruled out for the Kenai, but any precipitation will come in the form of spotty to isolated morning showers.

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This hot and dry weather pattern continues through the end of June. Here in Southcentral, the weekend is once again shaping up to warm into the 70s.

Have a wonderful and safe Tuesday!



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