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How to breathe new life into an old computer

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How to breathe new life into an old computer

Got an old computer collecting dust in a closet or tucked under a desk? You’re not alone. Many people hold on to aging desktops and laptops, either as backup machines or because they still run “just fine.” But here’s the catch: if that PC is no longer receiving Windows updates, it could be a security risk, even if it seems perfectly functional. Janet from East Wakefield, NH, recently wrote to us about this very dilemma:

“We need to update our computer due to Windows 11 not running on our older computer. We have two older computers, one we are upgrading and the second one I would like to continue to use on occasion. Do I run the risk of incursions into my software since I will no longer get security upgrades? Any advice on what I should remove (ie, finance info.)? Also, any advice for the older tower? Runs perfectly with solid state SSD. We are loath to put it into the recycling bin.”

The good news is you don’t have to toss it just yet. With a few smart steps, you can use it safely or transform it into something completely new and useful. Let’s look at how you can breathe new life into your old computer.

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A woman working on her older laptop. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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Why using an unsupported PC can be risky

First of all, once Microsoft stops supporting your version of Windows, your PC no longer receives security patches, bug fixes, updated drivers, or browser support. Even if the system still runs smoothly, it becomes more vulnerable to cyber threats like malwareransomwarephishing attacks and data theft. An outdated operating system is like an unlocked door. Hackers and malicious software often target these systems specifically because of their weaknesses. If you plan to keep using an older computer, especially with internet access, it’s time to update your operating system.

BEST ANTIVIRUS FOR PCS — CYBERGUY PICKS 2025

How to protect your old PC for occasional use

If you still plan to use your PC occasionally, you can minimize the risks with these simple but effective steps:

1. Use it offline only: The easiest way to stay secure is to keep your old PC off the internet entirely. You can still use it for:

  • Word processing
  • Organizing archives or photos
  • Creative projects
  • Offline games or journaling

Without internet access, you remove most external threats.

2. Remove all sensitive data: Even if you’re only using your computer for basic tasks, it’s important to scrub any personal or financial information from the system. That includes:

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  • Tax documents
  • Bank statements
  • Saved passwords
  • Files with Social Security numbers
  • Scanned IDs or legal documents

One effective way to securely wipe all personal files at once is to use the built-in Windows reset option, found under Settings > System > Recovery. This will remove your files and restore the system to a clean state. For step-by-step instructions, check out Microsoft’s guide to resetting your PC.

Once your old PC is wiped, it’s smart to strengthen the security of your active devices. Turn on two-factor authentication (2FA) for your accounts and use a password manager to keep your credentials safe and organized. Get more details about my best expert-reviewed Password Managers of 2025 here.

3. Disable browsers (or use a safer alternative): If you need occasional internet access, avoid using outdated browsers like old versions of Google Chrome or Microsoft Edge. Instead, try privacy-focused alternative browsers. Or better yet? Disable browsers altogether and connect to the web on a newer, supported device.

4. Install strong antivirus software that supports legacy systems: Even an offline PC can be exposed via USB drives or transferred files. The best way to safeguard yourself from malicious links that install malware, potentially accessing your private information, is to have strong antivirus software installed on all your devices. This protection can also alert you to phishing emails and ransomware scams, keeping your personal information and digital assets safe. Before installing antivirus software, make sure your older computer meets the minimum system requirements. Check for supported operating system (OS) version, RAM, and processor architecture (32-bit or 64-bit). Most providers list these on their site. Get my picks for the best 2025 antivirus protection winners for your Windows, Mac, Android and iOS devices

5. Keep important files on external storage: Avoid saving sensitive files directly on the old PC. Instead:

This keeps your data portable, protected and off the aging hardware. That way, your files are safe even if the old computer fails, and you can access them from newer devices anytime.

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A man working on his PC. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

TRANSFERRING DATA FROM AN OLD LAPTOP TO A NEW ONE

What about older Macs?

While this guide focuses on Windows PCs, many of the same principles apply to older Macs, especially if your system is stuck on unsupported macOS versions like High Sierra or Mojave. The best way to stay safe is to limit internet use, remove sensitive data, use supported browsers and install reliable antivirus software.

That said, older Macs have a few unique considerations:

  • Limited upgrade paths: Apple restricts OS upgrades to certain hardware. You may be locked into an older system unless you install a custom macOS patcher or switch to Linux.
  • Tighter integration with Apple services: Be sure to fully sign out of iCloud and disable Find My Mac before wiping or repurposing.
  • Fewer repurposing options: While some Macs make great writing machines or media centers, they’re harder to customize or reconfigure than tower PCs because most Apple hardware isn’t designed for self-upgrades. Components like memory or storage are often sealed, soldered or require special tools to access.

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Ready for a second life? Here’s how to repurpose it

If the system still has a working tower, especially an SSD (Solid-State Drive), which provides fast storage and efficient performance, it could be perfect for a modern, low-cost makeover.

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Option 1: Install Linux for a secure, fresh operating system

Linux is a free, fast, and secure alternative to Windows that works especially well on older computers. It’s still actively supported and great for basic tasks like browsing the web, checking emails, editing documents, streaming videos or even learning to code. You don’t need to be a tech expert to install it, as most versions come with easy, step-by-step installers.

Here are some beginner-friendly Linux versions (called “distributions” or “distros”):

  • Linux Mint — Designed to feel familiar to Windows users, with a simple, traditional desktop and lots of built-in help.
  • Ubuntu — One of the most popular Linux versions, known for its large support community and extensive online guides, making it easy to find help if you get stuck.
  • Zorin OS — Offers a polished, modern look that resembles Windows or macOS, making it ideal for casual users or anyone switching from those systems. It even helps you run some Windows programs and provides a very user-friendly experience.

For example, Zorin OS lets you choose a desktop layout that looks like Windows, so you don’t have to relearn everything. Ubuntu is famous for its reliability and the huge number of tutorials available online, which is helpful if you’re new to Linux.

And yes, you really can install these yourself, even if you’ve never tried Linux before. This beginner’s guide to installing Linux Mint walks you through the entire process.

Option 2: Turn it into a home server or backup station 

Your old PC can become the backbone of your home network. A few creative uses:

  • Media center — Stream content to your TV
  • Photo/video archive — Store backups and organize family memories
  • Local file backup server — Save copies of important files from other devices at home
  • Print or file server — Share printers or storage across devices

This keeps your old machine useful without needing daily interaction.

Option 3: Selling your PC

Before you get rid of your old PC, consider whether selling or recycling is the best fit for you. Both options are eco-friendly and can be rewarding if done right. Here’s how to handle your PC responsibly:

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  • Back up and wipe data: Save your important files to an external drive or cloud storage. Then, use secure data-erasing software to completely wipe your PC, ensuring your personal information is unrecoverable.
  • Remove accounts and reset: Log out of all accounts, deactivate software licenses and perform a factory reset so the next owner starts fresh.
  • Selling your PC: If your PC is in good condition, consider selling it through reputable platforms such as Amazon Trade-In, eBay, or local electronics stores. These options can put cash or gift cards in your pocket. Always be cautious of scams, use secure payment methods and avoid sharing unnecessary personal details.

Option 4: Donate or responsibly upcycle

If you’re done with it, let someone else benefit:

  • Schools, nonprofits and senior centers often accept working devices.
  • Buy Nothing or Freecycle groups can help you find a local taker.
  • Some e-waste centers refurbish old PCs for families in need.

Be sure to wipe the hard drive before donating. Consider using a data erasure tool or disk-wiping software to securely erase the entire hard drive. However, always back up any important files before wiping your drive. Always, confirm that you are targeting the correct storage device during the process to avoid accidental data loss. If you’re unable to securely erase sensitive materials from your hard drive, consider removing the drive before donation and recycling it separately.

old computer

Solid-State Drive. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

BEST DESKTOP COMPUTERS FOR 2025

Simple upgrades that can extend its life even further

If you’re keeping the machine and want to get the most out of it, a few basic hardware upgrades can go a long way, even on an older system. These are budget-friendly fixes that can significantly improve speed, stability and longevity.

1. Add more RAM: If your system has 4GB or less, upgrading to 8 GB+ can significantly improve multitasking and responsiveness, especially with Linux. Look up your PC’s model number on the manufacturer’s website to find compatible memory. Many desktops (and some laptops) let you upgrade RAM by simply opening the case and inserting the new memory sticks into available slots.

2. Upgrade to an SSD: If you’re still using a traditional hard drive, switching to a solid-state drive can dramatically reduce boot times and make your PC feel brand new. For most older machines, look for SSDs labeled “2.5-inch SATA”, which are the most widely compatible and easy to install. Some newer systems support faster NVMe SSDs, which connect directly to the motherboard. Check your PC model or open the case to see which type your system supports. Be sure to back up your files, then either reinstall the operating system manually or clone your current drive before replacing it.

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3. Clean out the dust and refresh thermal paste: Older desktops tend to overheat, which can slow things down or cause random shutdowns. Open up the case and:

  • Use compressed air to clean fans and vents
  • Consider replacing the thermal paste on the CPU if it’s been several years

4. Swap out the battery or power supply: If your laptop battery no longer holds a charge, or if your desktop randomly shuts off, consider replacing the battery or power supply unit. 

Kurt’s key takeaways

Just because a computer is old doesn’t mean it’s useless. Whether you’re turning it into a writing station, a media server, or giving Linux a try, your old PC can still be a valuable tool. The key is security. Unsupported systems can be risky if used online, but with a few precautions or by repurposing them entirely, you can keep your data safe and extend the machine’s life in meaningful ways.

Have you repurposed an old PC? We’d love to hear what you’re doing with your older tech. Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact

For more of my tech tips and security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/Newsletter

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Anker is recalling over 1.1 million power banks due to fire and burn risks

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Anker is recalling over 1.1 million power banks due to fire and burn risks

The recall covers about 1,158,000 units that were sold online through Amazon, Newegg, and eBay between June 2016 and December 2022. The affected batteries can be identified by the Anker logo engraved on the side with the model number A1263 printed on the bottom edge. However, Anker is only recalling units sold in the US with qualifying serial numbers. To check if yours is included, you’ll need to visit Anker’s website.

Anker is offering affected consumers their choice of either a $30 gift card (the recalled battery cost around $27) that can be used on Anker.com, or a free 10,000mAh Anker power bank as a replacement (model A1388) featuring upgrades including a charge level display and a USB-C charging cable lanyard.

To receive the gift card or the replacement, Anker requires a “photo of the power bank with the submission date and the word ‘recall’ or ‘recalled’ written clearly in permanent marker,” to be submitted, and a “photo showing the model number and serial number (SN) printed on the bottom of the device.” The company is also requesting a purchase receipt, but it’s not mandatory to participate in the recall.

After confirming that your power bank is one of the recalled units, Anker says it should be taken to a facility that can safely dispose of lithium-ion batteries due to the risk of fire. Those facilities can be found through the Environmental Protection Agency’s website or other organizations in the US that specialize in processing e-waste. Do not throw them in the trash, recycling bins, or used battery boxes provided at various retail locations.

The recall is also a reminder that power banks and backup batteries can potentially develop severe issues over time, as these particular units are almost a decade old. If you’ve been regularly using devices featuring lithium-ion batteries for a while, you’ll want to be mindful of issues like overheating or visible swelling and dispose of them properly if you think there’s a potential problem. And while the technology is currently more expensive than lithium-ion batteries, you can also consider upgrading to solid-state batteries which are more powerful, safer, and longer lasting than what we commonly use now to power our devices.

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FBI warns over 1 million Android devices hijacked by malware

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FBI warns over 1 million Android devices hijacked by malware

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Everything that connects to the internet can be hacked by malware. 

This includes your phones (both Android and iPhones) and laptops (whether Windows, Mac or even lesser-known systems like Linux). Devices like your Wi-Fi router and security cameras aren’t safe either.

But who would have thought hackers are now targeting your smart TVs, streaming boxes, projectors and tablets, too? That’s right, the FBI warns that bad actors have hijacked over a million of these devices with malware, turning them into unwitting participants in a global cybercrime network.

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Remote control and smart TV (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

FBI warns: Over 1 million smart devices infected with BadBox 2.0 malware

The FBI is warning that more than a million smart TVs, streaming boxes, projectors and tablets have been infected by a massive malware operation called BadBox 2.0. The malware turns home electronics into participants in a global network of cybercrime, often before the user even powers them on.

In a statement, the FBI says BadBox 2.0 is commonly found on cheap Android-based devices manufactured in mainland China. These include uncertified tablets, connected TV boxes and other Internet of Things hardware. Many of the infected devices ship with the malware preinstalled. Others are compromised during setup, often through malicious firmware updates or sideloaded apps from unofficial marketplaces.

FBI WARNS OF HACKERS EXPLOITING OUTDATED ROUTERS. CHECK YOURS NOW

Once infected, the devices connect to a command and control server, allowing hackers to reroute malicious traffic through home networks, load fraudulent ads in the background and carry out credential-stuffing attacks without the user knowing. Essentially, your smart TV could be quietly helping someone break into other people’s accounts.

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The botnet is primarily used to turn infected devices into residential proxy nodes, providing hackers with anonymous access to real home IP addresses. That means your TV or projector might unknowingly be helping cybercriminals bypass security systems, commit ad fraud or brute-force online accounts while hiding behind your internet connection.

person with tablet

A person holding a tablet (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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Badbox malware history: From TV boxes to over 1 million infected devices

BadBox first appeared in 2023 on generic TV boxes, such as the T95. The original botnet was briefly disrupted in Germany in 2024 when security researchers “sinkholed” the malware’s command servers. That wiped out part of the operation, but not for long. Just a week later, the malware reappeared on nearly 200,000 devices, including more recognizable brands like Hisense smartphones and Yandex TVs.

By March 2025, BadBox had evolved into BadBox 2.0, with more than 1 million active infections detected by HUMAN’s Satori Threat Intelligence team. The majority of devices are uncertified Android Open Source Project builds. These are not official Android TV OS products and are not protected by Google Play Protect.

Researchers say the malware has been spotted in 222 countries. A significant number of infections are concentrated in Brazil, followed by the United States, Mexico and Argentina.

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The FBI, working with Google, Trend Micro, HUMAN and the Shadowserver Foundation, recently disrupted communications between more than 500,000 infected devices and their control servers. However, the botnet continues to grow as more compromised products reach consumers and remain unnoticed.

Symptoms of infection include strange app marketplaces, disabled Play Protect settings or devices advertised as being unlocked or capable of free streaming. Many of these products come from unknown brands and are sold through unofficial sellers. If you have recently purchased a budget Android TV box or projector, especially one that is not certified by Google, you may want to take a closer look.

a smart television

Smart TV (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

ANDROID SCAM LETS HACKERS USE YOUR CREDIT CARD REMOTELY

How to tell if your device might be infected with BadBox 2.0

If you’re wondering whether your smart TV, streaming box, projector or tablet could be part of the BadBox 2.0 botnet, here are some warning signs and checks you can do.

1. You bought a low-cost Android-based device from an unknown or no-name brand: Devices sold online through third-party sellers or unknown brands, especially if advertised as “unlocked,” “jailbroken” or offering free streaming, are at higher risk. Models like the T95 box or other generic Android TV boxes are known carriers. Specifically, the following devices have been identified as impacted by BadBox malware:

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Device model: TV98, X96Q_Max_P, Q96L2, X96Q2, X96mini, S168, ums512_1h10_Natv, X96_S400, X96mini_RP, TX3mini, HY-001, MX10PRO, X96mini_Plus1, LongTV_GN7501E, Xtv77, NETBOX_B68, X96Q_PR01, AV-M9, ADT-3, OCBN, X96MATE_PLUS, KM1, X96Q_PRO, Projector_T6P, X96QPRO-TM, sp7731e_1h10_native, M8SPROW, TV008, X96Mini_5G, Q96MAX, Orbsmart_TR43, Z6, TVBOX, Smart, KM9PRO, A15, Transpeed, KM7, iSinbox, I96, SMART_TV, Fujicom-SmartTV, MXQ9PRO, MBOX, X96Q, isinbox, Mbox, R11, GameBox, KM6, X96Max_Plus2, TV007, Q9 Stick, SP7731E, H6, X88, X98K, TXCZ

2. Your device is not Google-certified: If your Android device doesn’t support Google Play Protect or doesn’t show the Play Protect certification in the Play Store settings, it’s likely running on an uncertified version of Android. That’s a major red flag. To check:

  • Open the Google Play Store.
  • Tap your profile icon > SettingsAbout.
  • Look for Play Protect certification. If it says “Device is not certified,” that’s a problem.

3. Suspicious behavior or strange apps: Look for unfamiliar apps you didn’t install, apps labeled with foreign characters or alternative app stores on your device. BadBox-infected devices often come with shady apps preloaded.

4. Google Play Protect is disabled: If Play Protect has been turned off without your knowledge or is missing altogether, your device may be vulnerable to compromise.

5. Your home internet is acting strange: If your network is unusually slow or your router shows unknown devices connected, one of your smart devices may be hijacked and rerouting traffic as part of a residential proxy network.

6. The device came with outdated or unofficial firmware: If your device doesn’t receive software updates or has a strange update process, that’s another potential sign it’s not legit or may be compromised.

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8 ways to protect your devices from BadBox 2.0 and Android malware

Want to stay safe? Here are eight practical steps you can take to protect your smart devices from BadBox 2.0 malware and other hidden Android threats.

1. Use strong antivirus software: Protecting your devices starts with powerful antivirus protection. Malware like BadBox 2.0 often comes preinstalled on cheap, uncertified Android devices, infecting them before you even power them on. A trusted antivirus app can help detect hidden threats, block malicious traffic and warn you about suspicious behavior that might otherwise go unnoticed. Get my picks for the best 2025 antivirus protection winners for your Windows, Mac, Android and iOS devices.

2. Only buy certified and trusted devices: Stick to devices certified by Google or other recognized platforms. Avoid generic or off-brand Android boxes, tablets and projectors, especially if they are advertised as unlocked or include free streaming. Cheap, uncertified devices are more likely to come with malware preinstalled.

3. Avoid sideloading apps from unofficial sources: Do not install apps from third-party app stores or download APK files from unknown websites. These files can contain hidden malware. Use only official app stores like the Google Play Store that scan apps for threats.

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4. Check your device settings for tampering: Look for signs like Google Play Protect being turned off, the presence of unfamiliar app stores or suspicious apps running in the background. These are possible signs your device is compromised.

5. Monitor your network for unusual activity: If your internet slows down suddenly, or you notice unknown devices on your Wi-Fi, investigate. Use your router’s settings or a network monitoring app to track strange behavior or unauthorized connections.

6. Disconnect and replace suspicious hardware: If a device is behaving oddly or was purchased from an untrusted source, unplug it from your network. Consider replacing it with a product from a reputable brand and a verified seller.

7. Keep your devices and apps updated: Install system and app updates regularly. Even though cheap devices may not always offer updates, keeping your software current reduces your risk. Choose brands that are known for providing reliable security patches.

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8. Secure your router and home network: Your devices are only as safe as the network they’re connected to. Set a strong, unique password for your Wi-Fi router and update its firmware regularly. Disable remote access unless absolutely necessary and use WPA3 encryption if available. Consider using a password manager to generate and store complex passwords. Get more details about my best expert-reviewed password managers of 2025 here.

As BadBox 2.0 continues to evolve, protecting your entire home network, not just individual devices, has become essential to staying one step ahead of cybercriminals.

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Kurt’s key takeaway

It’s alarming how something as simple as a budget streaming box or projector could be quietly working for cybercriminals. As smart devices become part of almost everything we do, being a careful and informed consumer matters more than ever. Small steps like buying from trusted brands and avoiding unofficial downloads can make a big difference in keeping your home and personal data safe.

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With over a million devices infected, who should be held accountable: manufacturers, governments or consumers? Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact.

For more of my tech tips and security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/Newsletter.

Ask Kurt a question or let us know what stories you’d like us to cover.

Follow Kurt on his social channels:

Answers to the most-asked CyberGuy questions:

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Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.

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Meta’s new AI video tool can put you in a desert (or at least try to)

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Meta’s new AI video tool can put you in a desert (or at least try to)

Meta is launching new video editing tools that will let you transform videos using AI. The tool, which is only free for a “limited time,” gives you more than 50 preset prompts you can use to edit your video, allowing you to set a theme, change the background, and tweak what you’re wearing.

The presets are presented similarly to how you would choose a filter on Instagram. You can have Meta AI restyle your clip as a video game or anime, make it appear as if it was taken in the desert, dress you in an AI-generated tuxedo, and more. The tool only works for the first 10 seconds of your video, though. It’s rolling out now in the US and “more than a dozen” countries in the Meta AI app, the Meta.AI website, and the Edits app.

I tried the feature out for myself, and my results certainly didn’t look as good as the examples posted on Meta’s website. I uploaded a video of my parents’ dogs digging a hole in the backyard, and asked Meta AI to make it look like they were in the desert. Meta AI turned the ground orange, put some (purple?) cacti in the foreground and background, and for some reason gave my dogs a shimmery glow. Then, when I asked it to restyle a video of myself as an anime character, Meta AI gave me fluorescent pink eyes and lips.

You can share the edited videos directly to Facebook and Instagram, or put them in the Discover feed in the Meta AI app. Though you can’t use custom prompts right now, Meta says “you’ll be able to edit videos alongside Meta AI with your own text prompts” later this year.

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