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Where did all the Latin American starting pitchers go?

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Where did all the Latin American starting pitchers go?

The best Latin American starting pitcher in baseball signed out of Venezuela for just $25,000. He never ranked as a Top 100 prospect, he’s never made an All-Star team, and like many of his peers, turned to pitching as a matter of pure practicality.

“The thing is, there are too many position players in Latin America,” Philadelphia Phillies left-hander Ranger Suárez said. “So, I went opposite. A pitcher. It helped me stand out a little bit.”

Suárez, 28, leads the Majors with a 1.70 ERA. After 13 seasons of professional baseball, he has slowly but surely traced an increasingly rare path: one that goes from Latin America to the top of a Major League rotation.

Numbers from the league office show roughly 25 percent of Major League players come from Latin America and the Caribbean, but less than 15 percent of starting pitchers belong to that demographic. The position player leaderboard is loaded with Latin American superstars (20 of the top 50 according to FanGraphs WAR), but only eight of the top 50 starting pitchers in ERA are Latin American.

The imbalance defies surface-level expectations. In the age of Juan Soto, Ronald Acuna Jr., and Elly De La Cruz, baseball lacks an obvious heir to Félix Hernández and Pedro Martinez as the next great Latin American ace. Twelve of the 25 hardest-throwing position players are Latin American, and so are 11 of the 25 hardest-throwing pitchers, so why aren’t more of them starting pitchers?

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The top American players tend to both pitch and hit at least through high school, and many emerge as legitimate pitching prospects only after their bodies and skills further develop in college. Justin Verlander, who grew up in Virginia and is now one of the best starting pitchers of his generation, went undrafted out of high school but was the second overall pick after three years at Old Dominion University.

Few Latin American players have an opportunity to follow that path. They often sign as young as 16 years old, and many Latin American big leaguers — even the ones with the strongest arms — tell stories of choosing a position when they were very young, then staying there. As long as they can hit, even the strongest throwers are shunted away from the mound.

Today Kenley Jansen is one of the most accomplished relief pitchers of all time with the fifth-most saves in Major League history, but when Jansen was signed out of Curacao as a 17-year-old in 2004, he was a catcher, and remained so for years despite his electric arm. When he finally moved to the mound in 2009, he was in the big leagues within a year.

“If I were an American kid, I would not be a catcher in the minor leagues,” Jansen said. “Some coach would have already turned me into a pitcher. I would have never hit in professional baseball. They would have recognized the arm.”

Although his career has been wildly successful – four-time All-Star, two-time National League Reliever of the Year – Jansen said he wonders if he might have become a starter had he converted sooner with more time and instruction to develop his secondary pitches. He’s surely not alone. The league’s numbers show that 45.3 percent of Latin American players are pitchers, but a disproportionate number are relievers. Some of that disparity is a financial issue.

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Two decades ago, elite Latin American pitchers generated some of the largest signing bonuses on the international market. Hernández, Ervin Santana, Francisco Rodriguez and Francisco Liriano signed for nearly seven figures at a time when such hefty deals were rare. Bonuses of that size have dwindled since Major League Baseball and the MLBPA agreed to cap international amateur spending at $5 million per club in the collective bargaining agreement struck after the 2016 season. The new rules caused teams to become more risk-averse, a calculus that favors hitters.

Executives involved in international scouting, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because they aren’t authorized to discuss the issue,  say position players — especially when they’re scouted and signed as teenagers, which most Latin American players are — are seen as far safer bets than pitchers. If a young hitter loses athleticism, he can still advance as a bat-first outfielder or first baseman. If his bat doesn’t develop, he could carve out a role as an elite defender or versatile utility man. There’s little fallback plan for pitchers, and even the most promising young arms can flame out quickly if they get hurt or develop poorly.

“The position players are the ones that are getting the signing bonuses,” said one big league executive with experience scouting in Latin America. “They become pitchers because they didn’t hit enough, or they can’t run enough, or they didn’t move well enough.”


Phillies starter Ranger Suarez leads the majors in ERA, but his path is increasingly rare for players from Latin America. (Orlando Ramirez / USA Today)

In baseball, there’s a popular saying often attributed to players from the Dominican Republic: “You don’t walk your way off the island.” It speaks to a mentality that Latin American players have to hit to be signed. Plate discipline alone won’t do it, and these days — especially for those who want to sign for big money — neither will pitching. We’ll never know, but the best Latin American pitcher today just might be the guy playing shortstop or right field.

“It’s sort of funny,” San Diego Padres right fielder Fernando Tatis said. “In (the Latin American academies) everyone is a shortstop. They just get a couple pitchers to bring in so they can throw to you.”

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Cincinnati Reds shortstop Elly De La Cruz, from the Dominican Republic, is 6-foot-5 with one of the strongest arms in baseball, but said he hasn’t pitched since he was very young. Rays center fielder Jose Siri, also from the Dominican and another of the hardest throwers in the game, was more specific: He hasn’t pitched since he was 9. Mets Dominican-born right fielder Starling Marte was once asked to pitch at an amateur tryout but refused.

“I was never interested in that,” Marte said. “I saw other pitchers get hit hard, and I didn’t like that. I remember a couple games where I was in the outfield and I saw guys get hit, and I said, ‘Damn, I don’t want to go through that.’”

Why would he? This January, more than 35 international amateurs received signing bonuses of at least $1 million, but none were pitchers. The big money went to hitters, while even the most highly touted arms settled for six or even five figures.

“Teams are afraid to invest money on pitching, because of the injuries, the risk factor,” one executive said. “You end up signing a lot of good, decent arms. But most of them are throwers or relievers, guys that throw hard.”

This thinking extends to the domestic amateur draft, where only three high school pitchers have ever been selected first overall, and two of them never reached the majors.

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On the international market these days, teams tend to splurge on a few promising hitters while spreading smaller bonuses to a handful of young pitchers in hopes that one or two will eventually emerge.

The handlers, known as buscones, who train and promote amateur Latin American players – and also receive a cut of their signing bonuses – recognize this spending disparity and, according to several executives and players with knowledge of the international market, sometimes push elite Latin American players away from the mound. A player like Verlander, had he been born in the Dominican Republic, might have been showcased as a center fielder with the size to hit for power and the arm strength to handle right field. He might never have been guided to the mound.

“They try to train position players so they can get more money,” Cincinnati Reds Dominican-born starter Frankie Montas said. “If you can hit, they’re going to want you to stick with hitting as long as you can.”

Red Sox right fielder Wilyer Abreu, who has another of the strongest throwing arms of any position player in the majors, said he was initially scouted in his native Venezuela as a two-way player, and for a while he thought he might sign as one, but around the time he turned 16 and the scouting intensified, the various people running showcases and workouts told him to stop wasting time on the mound.

“With time, the scouts just told me they didn’t want to see me any more as a pitcher,” Abreu said. “Just focus on being a position player, and that’s when everything changed.”

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Abreu was the age of an American high school sophomore, throwing left-handed, with a fastball that some scouts already clocked at 90 mph. Yet there was little interest in seeing how far he could go on the mound. Abreu is now 24 years old and said he can’t remember which offspeed pitches he threw because it’s been so long since he even tried.

Had Abreu stayed on the mound, his opportunity to develop his secondary pitches might have been limited outside of America. The developmental infrastructure — both in facilities and personnel — simply isn’t the same. Driveline, which stands at the leading edge of American pitching development, has a minimal presence in Latin America, and few Latin American players end up pitching for elite college programs that have state-of-the-art facilities and technology for pitching development.

“You’re asking a 15, 16-year-old kid to be at the same level, in a different country, as an American guy who has been to college (and) learned so much,” Mariners star center fielder Julio Rodriguez said. “It’s different. It’s definitely different.”

The imbalance can create even greater disparity.

“It’s also part of the culture,” said retired slugger Nelson Cruz, who served as the general manager for the Dominican Republic in the 2023 World Baseball Classic. “When you grow up, you want to [play] shortstop or center field. That’s the beauty of hitting home runs and playing defense and all that. A lot of it is having someone to look up to in the big leagues.”

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Mexico counts former Los Angeles Dodgers ace Fernando Valenzuela among its most iconic baseball players, and since 2000, nearly 65 percent of the Mexican major leaguers have been pitchers. In Puerto Rico, though, right fielder Roberto Clemente is a national hero and there’s a proud tradition of catchers (Ivan Rodriguez, Jorge Posada, the Molina brothers) and middle infielders (Roberto Alomar, Francisco Lindor, Carlos Correa), but Puerto Rican pitchers are far less iconic. Puerto Rican players are draft-eligible and thus unaffected by the rules and quirks of international free agency, yet since 2000, 73 percent of Puerto Rican-born players (107 of 146) have been position players. Jansen said he sees the same thing in his native Curacao, where kids once dreamed of following the footsteps of center fielder Andruw Jones and now want to be the next Andrelton Simmons or Ozzie Albies in the middle infield.

“I think everybody in Curacao now wants to be a shortstop or a second baseman,” Jansen said. “Nobody wants to pitch, and we have so much great arm talent.”

There is considerable value, though, for teams that successfully tap into that talent pool.

In recent years, the Houston Astros have leaned on a slew of low-cost Latin American starters — Framber Valdez, Cristian Javier, José Urquidy, Luis Garcia and Ronel Blanco — to keep their rotation competitive amid a streak of seven straight American League Championship Series appearances. The Phillies (Suárez), Atlanta Braves (Reynaldo López) and Chicago Cubs (Javier Assad) have benefited from strong seasons from Latin American starters this season.

Those are outliers, though. Since 2015, only one Latin American pitcher has won an ERA title and only two rank in the top 25 in starting pitcher WAR. The Astros, New York Mets and Miami Marlins are the only teams to have used as many as three Latin American starters this season; the vast majority of teams have used one or zero. The entire National League West has used only three Latin American starters this season, and two of those were one-game-only spot starters.

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Even those who have thrived on the mound might secretly wish they still had a chance to hit.

“I liked (pitching),” said Mets starter Luis Severino, who converted from the outfield as a 15-year-old. “I liked the adrenaline, the competition.

“But if I had to choose, I would definitely be a position player.”

The Athletic’s Matt Gelb, Britt Ghiroli and Trent Rosecrans contributed to this story

(Top image: Daniel Goldfarb / The Athletic; Photos: Ron Vesely / MLB Photos via Getty Images; Matt Thomas / San Diego Padres via Getty Images; Rich Storry / Getty Images)

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Chiefs donate flag football equipment to Kansas school district ahead of inaugural girls season

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Chiefs donate flag football equipment to Kansas school district ahead of inaugural girls season

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Flag football players from the Kansas City, Kansas Public Schools (KCK) district will have access to new football equipment for the district’s inaugural season for girls. 

Former Kansas City Chiefs defensive end Gary Stills and former NFL wide receiver Tim Barnett were on hand for a district-wide girls flag football event where the athletes and schools were surprised with flag belts and other equipment. 

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Nike provided jerseys through a $100,000 grant.

The Kansas City Chiefs’ logo before the Super Bowl against the San Francisco 49ers at Allegiant Stadium Feb. 11, 2024, in Las Vegas. (Michael Owens/Getty Images)

K.C. Wolf, the Chiefs’ mascot, also made an appearance at the event. 

“It’s groundbreaking. We’re making history out here,” Sheila Sickau, the Chiefs’ youth marketing manager said.

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Sickau added that the growth of girls flag football helps level the playing field for high school athletes.

Kansas

The Kansas City Chiefs donated flag football equipment to Kansas City, Kansas Schools. (Fox News )

“I think it’s finally catching up to the times of giving girls an opportunity to play football in a safe spot. A lot of the girls, before flag football took off, the only option was co-ed tackle,” Sickau said.

EX-NFL STAR DREW BLEDSOE THINKS PLAYING OLYMPIC FLAG FOOTBALL MIGHT BE FUN, WOULD WANT TYREEK HILL ON TEAM

The girls who attended the event participated in a series of drills as they continue to prepare for a six-week flag football season. Only one KCK school had a girls flag football team in 2023, according to Fox 4 Kansas City.

Chiefs logo on wall

The Kansas City Chief’s logo before a game against the Cincinnati Bengals Dec 31, 2023, at GEHA Field at Arrowhead Stadium in Kansas City, Mo. (Scott Winters/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images)

The high school district’s flag football season begins Sept. 14. 

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Flag football has become increasingly popular in the U.S., and the sport will be included in the Summer Olympics in Los Angeles in 2028.

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Plaschke: How one man lost Shohei Ohtani's 40-40 home run ball and found L.A. love in return

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Plaschke: How one man lost Shohei Ohtani's 40-40 home run ball and found L.A. love in return

His life was changing. A winning lottery ticket was approaching. Tony Voda was ready.

He was going to be rich. He was going to be famous. Magic was happening, and as the baseball fell from the night sky, Tony Voda was ready to live a miracle.

Shohei Ohtani was in the process of entering baseball’s 40-40 club with a walk-off grand slam in the ninth inning last week at Chavez Ravine, one of the most dramatic blasts in the long history of Dodger Stadium, and this anonymous insurance analyst from Minneapolis was right in the middle of it.

“Right up until the last second against the beautiful black night sky, I can see the ball, it’s seared into my mind, this is happening, this is really happening,” Voda recalls. “The crowd is screaming but you’re not hearing it, your senses shut down, tunnel vision happens, and all you can think of is, don’t mess this up.

Then the unthinkable occurred, an event that forever changed Tony Voda on his way to becoming a hero.

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He messed it up.

Shohei Ohtani hits a walk-off grand slam for the Dodgers against the Rays to join the 40-40 club.

A gazillion video replays have chillingly shown it a gazillion times.

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He messed it up.

“A life-changing event was in my hands,” he said, “and I literally dropped the ball.”

This, then, would seem to be not your usual home-run catching story of good luck and great fortune, but a tale of deep remorse and enduring regret.

Except for one twist as pronounced as Ohtani’s swing.

On a Friday night when Tony Voda figured he was cursed, he was actually blessed.

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For the man who will forever be known for one of the biggest fan errors in Dodger Stadium history, it wasn’t about what he lost, it was about what he gained.

Tony Voda waves before a game between the Dodgers and Tampa Bay Rays at Dodger Stadium on Aug. 23.

Tony Voda waves before a game between the Dodgers and Tampa Bay Rays at Dodger Stadium on Aug. 23.

(Courtesy of Tony Voda)

It looks so easy and natural on television. But in real life, catching a home-run ball is about as easy as catching a raindrop in a thunderstorm.

“The average fan has no idea,” says Matt Walker, one of a dozen members of “Dodgerhawks,” a group of season-ticket holders that gathers at Dodger Stadium in an attempt to catch homers.

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It’s nearly impossible.

“Did you see it clearly off the bat because you’ve been following every pitch? Are you on your phone? Is it hooking? Drawing? Is the wind a factor?” Walker explained. “The crowd is elbow to elbow and you’re getting pushed and shoved usually. Is it going to clear the wall, are you at risk of interference, is the outfielder bearing down?”

Walker said the conditions for such a catch are frightful.

“Are you standing in spilled beer, water bottles, and loose peanut shells? Are the lights a factor? The sun?” he said. “Oh yeah, and it’s coming in at 100-plus miles-per-hour. And the whole thing takes maybe three seconds.”

Tony Voda, 40, knows these truths. He has been chasing home run balls in stadiums all over the country for 15 years and he’s caught exactly two.

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“Home run balls are important to me because of that deep childhood tie to the game,” he said. “You see them going into the stands as a young kid and you not only want to be the guy who hit it, but the kid who has the souvenir.

“It’s one of the only pieces of sports that rarely makes it into the stands but is coveted by many because of how elusive it is.”

It’s so elusive, Voda paid several hundred dollars a couple of months ago for one of the Dodgers’ celebrated home-run seats lining the outfield walls. He picked a random game against the Tampa Rays as part of a longer baseball trip through California.

He had no idea Ohtani would be on the verge of becoming only the sixth player in baseball history to reach 40 home runs and 40 steals in a single season. He could never have dreamed that Ohtani would steal his 40th base in the fourth inning and then come to the plate with bases loaded into the ninth with a chance to make history.

“I would have been happy if any Dodger scrub hit it to me,” he said. “And then this happened.”

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This, meaning Ohtani lofting a ball high toward the right-center field wall.

This, meaning that ball barely clearing the fence and falling directly toward Voda’s rainbow-colored glove.

This, meaning the ball bouncing off Voda’s glove and back to the field, where it is finally picked up by outfielder Jose Siri and thrown back into the stands far beyond Voda’s reach.

Grand slam. Grand boot.

“Every fan’s worst nightmare,” said Walker.

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Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani hits a walk-off grand slam against the Tampa Bay Rays.

Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani hits a walk-off grand slam against the Tampa Bay Rays for his 40th home run of the season on Aug. 23.

(Wally Skalij / Los Angeles Times)

Gone was a chance to meet Ohtani and return the ball, which Voda said he would have done. Gone was a six-figure payday if Ohtani didn’t want to exchange anything for the ball. Gone was the greatest moment of Voda’s baseball life.

He knew all this, and he knew it immediately. Watch the replay and notice that the moment the ball bounces off Voda’s glove, he puts his hands on his head with an expression of deep pain.

“Pure shock, disbelief,” Voda said. “My heart sank.”

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As he stood there stewing in his agony, fully expecting jeers and catcalls from the surrounding pavilion crowd, the strangest thing happened.

His phone buzzed. It was Walker, who had met Voda before the game with other Dodgerhawks. He had already watched the replay and wanted to console Voda immediately.

“What just happened? What did I do?” Voda moaned into the phone.

“You did your best,” Walker told him. “You did all you could.”

Sure enough, the replay shows a fan on Voda’s left bumping the pinky of his glove just a few inches before the ball landed, enough to prevent the ball from burrowing deep into the glove’s pocket.

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“I guess it’s the ‘Minnesota Nice’ in me, I should have boxed the guy out, but I just didn’t want to interfere with another fan,” said Voda.

Also noticeable was Voda’s refusal to move to the edge of the fence, from where he might have had a cleaner shot at the ball.

“I didn’t want to get called for fan interference and see the home run taken away, are you kidding me?” said Voda. “I was being very careful.”

Too careful? Maybe. But maybe not.

The good sportsmanship with which Voda handled himself was noticed not only by Walker, but by several fans who surrounded Voda while he was accepting that initial phone call.

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“You could hear people all around Tony while I was talking to him, and everybody was already consoling him,” said Walker. “It was as if, when he put his hands over his head, we all put our hands over our heads.”

The outpouring of support continued throughout the ensuing drone show, fans from all sections surrounding him and patting his back and sharing his regret, with one fan even accompanying Voda to his car afterward to commiserate on his bad luck. Then there were the words of encouragement from one stranger he’ll never forget.

“A guy came up to me and just said, ‘Next time, poppa,’” Voda recalled. “Like he was actually giving me a pep talk.”

Dodger Stadium can be a cantankerous place, particularly when a ball is hit into the stands. If a fan catches an opposing player’s home run, the verbal pressure to throw the ball back can be deafening.

But on this night, Dodger Stadium was a sympathetic, understanding place that filled Tony Voda with a warmth that no catch could match.

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By the time he returned to his hotel he had received several dozen texts and many online words of support. There was no trolling. There were no insults. There was only a sense of kinship among Dodger fans who, it turns out, not only are historically forgiving of the players, but are also forgiving of each other.

“To catch the ball would have been potentially life-changing, but, so, too, were the lessons I took away from missing it,” said Voda. “I know it sounds cheesy and silly, but while I may have lost a ball, I gained more love from Dodger fans than I knew I had, more love than I thought I deserved.”

Voda is back in Minneapolis now, but he is hoping to return to Dodger Stadium again one day, hang out with the Dodgerhawks, buy another home run seat, stick out that rainbow glove on a long fly ball, pray again for a miracle while knowing full well that he has already lived one.

“I love L.A.,” he said.

Moments before Ohtani’s swing, a security guard standing next to Voda wondered out loud if this game was headed for a movie script ending.

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In all ways, it was, as Ohtani wasn’t the only one who went deep.

So, too, did humanity.

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Transfer window roundtable: Debating the best, worst and most surprising deals of the summer

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Transfer window roundtable: Debating the best, worst and most surprising deals of the summer

The transfer window has… closed.

For Europe’s leading football clubs, the chance to revamp, reshape and — in certain cases — reduce their squads is over, until January at least. It was another busy summer for Chelsea, while after years of bringing in significant funds by selling players, Brighton & Hove Albion transformed themselves into a buying club, spending almost £200million ($263m) to give new manager Fabian Hurzeler plenty of options.

Arsenal lured Euro 2024 luminaries Riccardo Calafiori and Mikel Merino to north London, Liverpool added Federico Chiesa to Arne Slot’s attacking options, and Manchester United were seen making some potentially sensible additions to their squad in their first summer of the INEOS era.

But who was the best buy? Who should have moved but didn’t? And which transfers went completely under the radar? Five of The Athletic’s writers offer their thoughts on another big-money summer.


Who was the best signing?

Mark Carey: Taking Kylian Mbappe out of the equation, I’m going for Joshua Zirkzee. I may live to regret it, but Zirkzee could be a key cog in the Erik ten Hag system, stitching Manchester United’s attack together more coherently than Bruno Fernandes’ hero-ball attempts. Zirkzee is not an out-and-out goalscorer, but he brings others into play beautifully. With a bit of time, he could have a major impact on United’s attack.

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Oliver Kay: It’s weird. Nearly £2billion has been spent in the Premier League but I can’t really think of many deals that make me think, “Wow, that will definitely work.”

The ones that could work out best are some of the younger players, such as Yankuba Minteh to Brighton, Leny Yoro to Manchester United and Archie Gray and Lucas Bergvall to Tottenham Hotspur. But in all those cases — and many others — they are big, big fees invested in potential rather than certainty. I like Liverpool’s deal for Federico Chiesa at that price, but there is a risk. For certainty, you’re probably looking at West Ham United’s deals for Aaron Wan-Bissaka and Maximilian Kilman. Boring, I know.


Archie Gray, Tottenham’s 18-year-old signing (Malcolm Couzens/Getty Images)

Seb Stafford-Bloor: Bergvall is an extraordinary talent. One of the benefits of Tottenham competing in the Europa League this season is that whether he gets Premier League minutes or not, Bergvall will have the opportunity to play and develop into something truly special. It’s rare to find skill, size and the ambition to change games all in the same player at that age, rarer still given that he had never played outside of Sweden’s Allsvenskan. He will evolve quickly, I’m certain of it, and that €10million (£8m; $11m) will be money extremely well spent.

James Horncastle: When a player who everyone expects or projects to go ends up staying, isn’t that like a signing? Nico Williams committing to Athletic Bilbao caught my attention, as did other examples of Basque loyalty, such as Martin Zubimendi turning down Liverpool to remain at Real Sociedad. Elsewhere, Roma fans descended en masse to Paulo Dybala’s house to thank him for refusing a salary package worth €75m from Al Qadsiah. If ever there was a player for whom Francesco Totti’s No 10 shirt should be passed down, it’s him.

Thom Harris: There are plenty that I really like across the continent. Teun Koopmeiners will bring luxurious technique and flexibility to Thiago Motta’s new-look Juventus, Yaser Asprilla should bring spark and creativity to Girona, while Paris Saint-Germain have snapped up one of French football’s brightest stars in Desire Doue. My favourite is closer to home, though — Mats Wieffer to Brighton. Constantly demanding the ball, he’s the box-to-box engine Hurzeler needed. He has the forward drive to bring the ball upfield and cause damage in the final third, too. At 24, there’s plenty of time for him to evolve into a real game-changer in the Premier League.

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Will Mats Wieffer be a game-changing option for Brighton? (Warren Little/Getty Images)

What was the most surprising signing?

Kay: Newcastle signing Nottingham Forest’s unwanted backup goalkeeper Odysseas Vlachodimos for £20million was certainly… surprising. Forest signing Elliot Anderson from Newcastle for £35million was also surprising. Likewise some of the players moving between Aston Villa, Chelsea and Everton just before the end of the financial year. Yes, the transfer window is full of surprises.

go-deeper

GO DEEPER

PSR-friendly homegrown deals jar with the moral fabric of football

Horncastle: Where do we start? The shameless June 30 shenanigans in England? Roma signing a Saudi player from the Saudi Pro League? The other free transfer in the Mbappe family this summer (Ethan to Lille)? How about Matthijs de Ligt and Noussair Mazraoui to Manchester United? Don’t get me wrong, they are both fine players, but I thought Sir Jim Ratcliffe’s new recruitment structure was supposed to be more original than allowing the coach whose position they seriously considered at the end of last season to continue reassembling his Ajax team from 2019. A positive surprise was Che Adams’ move to Torino, not to mention his instant impact, scoring the winner in a 2-1 win over Atalanta.


Che Adams has swapped English football for Serie A (Nicolo Campo/LightRocket via Getty Images)

Stafford-Bloor: Kiernan Dewsbury-Hall to Chelsea. Relationships matter in football but the £30million fee was a surprise, as was Dewsbury-Hall’s willingness to walk into a situation that is unlikely to end with him playing every week. Whatever faith Enzo Maresca has in him, that surely pales in comparison to the vested interest the Chelsea owners have in watching Enzo Fernandes, Moses Caicedo and Romeo Lavia starting in midfield, or any number of pricier options playing in those wide forward positions in his place. Hopefully, that proves misguided — he is a good player, he could become an England international — but he seems destined to be on loan at Everton within a year.

Harris: Rayo Vallecano have done this kind of thing before — it was around about this time three years ago that they signed Radamel Falcao — but I can’t really believe they’ve pulled off a deal for James Rodriguez. His club form has continued to wander in the past few years, but the 33-year-old was by far and away the best player at this year’s Copa America, registering six assists as he inspired Colombia’s run to the final. His left foot is still made of gold and Rayo are picking up a player motivated to keep match fit for the World Cup in 2026.

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Can James Rodriguez bring his Copa America form to La Liga? (Irina R Hipolito/Europa Press via Getty Images)

Carey: It has to be Evanilson going from Champions League-battling Porto to Bournemouth. It’s a great coup for Andoni Iraola’s side and financially softened by the sale of Dominic Solanke, but it shows the pulling power of the Premier League. The Brazilian was averaging one goal every two games in Portugal, a similar return at Bournemouth would do very nicely.


Which club had the best window?

Stafford-Bloor: A left-field pick: RB Leipzig. Keeping Xavi Simons for a second season was extremely important and the addition of Antonio Nusa was bold and cleverly done — nobody knew about it until it was ready to be announced, with Club Bruges sworn to secrecy. Further back, 18-year-old midfielder Assan Ouedraogo is one of the brightest prospects in German football and the club are also excited about signing Arthur Vermeeren from Atletico Madrid. Yes, Dani Olmo has departed, but €60million was a big fee for a player who started just half of Leipzig’s games last season. Benjamin Sesko and Lois Openda are both still at the club, too.

Harris: It has to be Brighton, doesn’t it? Owner Tony Bloom has finally dipped into some of the transfer profit over the last few windows and has picked up some prolific one-on-one dribblers to elevate the side on the transition. Minteh and Brajan Gruda are particularly exciting.

In Spain, Villarreal have recruited well and built a deep squad with plenty of interesting profiles under Marcelino; Willy Kambwala and Logan Costa look like astute reinforcements in defence, while young forward Thierno Barry will enjoy the service of assist-king Alex Baena after his move from Basel. All of that should allow them to push for Champions League qualification without any European football to contend with this season, even if the late departure of Arnaut Danjuma to top-four rivals Girona undoes much of their good work in the summer.


Yankuba Minteh should prove an astute pick-up for Brighton (Charlotte Wilson/Offside/Offside via Getty Images)

Horncastle: Not to labour the anti-consumerist point, but I like teams that spent the summer focusing on retention. National champions in less-resourced leagues (Bayer Leverkusen and Inter Milan) kept their best players. Mehdi Taremi’s free transfer to San Siro is straight out of the playbook of Inter president Giuseppe Marotta.

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Where buying is concerned, Chelsea made Brighton cash-rich in a league otherwise constrained by profit and sustainability rules (PSR). The Ferdi Kadioglu, Georginio Rutter and Minteh signings are all good fun. Juventus have gone big in part because they have been able to sell players from their ‘Next Gen’ reserve team for pure accountancy profit. Scarily, Motta already has them playing excellent football without integrating new signings beyond Juan Cabal. Motta has limited himself to promoting more kids from their brilliant youth scheme.

Honourable mentions in selling terms for Manchester City (Julian Alvarez) and the much-derided Manchester United who, credit where it is due, have belatedly learned the art of the sale. Atalanta have been typically excellent across the board, too.

Kay: Again, I can’t really get carried away with excitement about any club’s business. I’m inclined to say West Ham, who have signed Wan-Bissaka, Kilman, Jean-Clair Todibo, Guido Rodriguez, Luis Guilherme, Crysencio Summerville and Niclas Fullkrug — but are those players guaranteed to make them that much better? I don’t think they are. Ditto Tottenham, Brighton, Nottingham Forest and others. I don’t see any club making the kind of jump that, say, Aston Villa and Bournemouth did last season.


Wan-Bissaka has moved to West Ham from Manchester United (Rob Newell – CameraSport via Getty Images)

Carey: Trimming the fat is just as important as bringing in new blood and Tottenham have done well on that front. Waving goodbye to fringe players Oliver Skipp, Japhet Tanganga, Tanguy Ndombele, Ryan Sessegnon and Pierre-Emile Hojbjerg means Ange Postecoglou has a sharpened focus in the squad. The youthful talents of Archie Gray, Bergvall and Wilson Odebert complement Solanke’s signing, making it a net positive for Spurs.


And which side had the worst window?

Kay: A lot of clubs haven’t addressed their greatest need: Liverpool and a deep-lying playmaker, Arsenal and a top-class centre-forward, Chelsea and Manchester United and various, Manchester City…? Well, they do lack depth in certain areas. But these are first-world problems, whereas Everton look very constrained. It’s nothing against the business they’ve done, but they needed three or four players who could come in and improve them immediately. With the appalling ownership situation dragging on, they’ve been unable to do that. There’s a lot of pressure on Tim Iroegbunam and (if it got through in time) Armando Broja to hit the ground running.

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Carey: Don’t say Chelsea, don’t say Chelsea… I worry a little for Wolverhampton Wanderers, who have lost two key players in Kilman and Pedro Neto. I quite like the look of Yerson Mosquera at centre-back (returning from loan) and the arrival of Jorgen Strand Larsen up front, but Gary O’Neil’s squad has not improved from last season and that could be a concern.


Pedro Neto could be a significant loss for Wolves (Gustavo Pantano | MI News)

Harris: It’s been sad to see some of last season’s over-performers picked apart — Girona and Bologna lost some of their biggest names despite an exciting Champions League campaign on the horizon. I fear for Stade Brest after their third-place finish in Ligue 1 last season. Influential midfielder Kamory Doumbia has returned to Reims, talented centre-back Lilian Brassier has joined Marseille and Ludovic Ajorque has been loaned in to lead the line after two goals in 15 starts for Mainz last year. With a handful of loan signings and just under €2million spent on a backup defender, they haven’t quite pushed on as I’d hoped.

Stafford-Bloor: Everton. This might be overly informed by their start to the season and how concerning their two defeats were, but it is hard to see too many positives — beyond getting rid of Neal Maupay and his preposterous villainy. It’s not that there is much wrong with Jake O’Brien, Iliman Ndiaye and Tim Iroegbunam, and Jesper Lindstrom on loan could prove a smart move, but are any of those players going to alter the mood at Goodison Park? They are how Everton chose to spend the Amadou Onana money, but I want a bit more for my €50million.

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Horncastle: Barcelona’s registration issues and the associated release of Ilkay Gundogan were embarrassing. Newcastle paid ‘how much?’ for Vlachodimos to be their third-choice goalkeeper and then developed a Marc Guehi obsession that amounted to nothing. Aston Villa were delighted to sign Samuel Iling-Junior and Enzo Barrenechea only to leave them out of their first two squads and send the pair out on loan. Anyone who did deals that were finance first, football second gets marked down here.


Ilkay Gundogan’s return to Manchester City has helped Barcelona register the likes of Dani Olmo (Chris Brunskill/Fantasista/Getty Images)

The deal you wanted to happen that didn’t

Stafford-Bloor: Leverkusen’s Jeremie Frimpong was available and affordable, but a move never happened. Beyond Frimpong’s obvious virtues — his attacking contributions, his timing, his speed and skill — he played all manner of roles for Leverkusen last season. Wing-back, winger, briefly even No 10, that versatility would have been an asset somewhere and Frimpong’s effervescent personality might have been fun in England or Spain.

Horncastle: Matt O’Riley to Atalanta. He would have been perfect for Gian Piero Gasperini but ended up at Brighton.

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Harris: Richard Rios shone for Colombia at the Copa America, an energetic midfielder with street-football skills and defensive bite. There were a few weak links to Premier League sides but the 24-year-old remains at Brazilian champions Palmeiras for another summer.

Carey: Liverpool have enough in their squad to deal with Arne Slot’s midfield demands but having Zubimendi in the Premier League would have been hugely fun to watch. The metronomic control, the effortless passing and the joyous technique are something all fans want to see, but the Spaniard remained loyal to his local team, Real Sociedad — which you cannot begrudge.

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Kay: I sometimes shudder when a top-class player comes to the Premier League at the tail-end of his career. It isn’t the 1990s anymore and such moves rarely go well these days — Bastian Schweinsteiger’s brief spell at Manchester United is a classic example — but I enjoyed the suggestion that Mats Hummels might fancy a swansong at Brighton. Is it still a possibility? I hope so.


The players who will be most upset at not moving

Carey: You could pick any number of Chelsea players. Maresca’s assessment of those frozen out has been honest and brutal when pushed on the topic. “At the moment the transfer window closes, they are not going to get minutes. I’ve already been clear with them and honest and this is the only reason.” No ambiguity there.

Kay: First of all, I’m glad Raheem Sterling and Jadon Sancho got their loan moves to Arsenal and Chelsea respectively. Both are talented enough to get back on track after a miserable two or three years since their previous transfers, even if Sancho seems to be swapping one dysfunctional club for another. I wonder whether Ben Chilwell will look at those moves and regret staying at Chelsea. It’s up to him whether he can force his way back into their plans or end up as the next Winston Bogarde.


Raheem Sterling was left in Chelsea’s ‘bomb squad’ this summer but moved to Arsenal on deadline day (Darren Walsh/Chelsea FC via Getty Images)

Stafford-Bloor: Jonathan Tah. He seemingly had his heart set on a move to Bayern Munich and had agreed to it weeks ago, but the back and forth between the clubs never led to anything — other than a public spat between Max Eberl, Bayern’s board member for sport, and Fernando Carro, Leverkusen’s CEO. Still, Tah might be in the right place. Beyond Leverkusen being defending champions and Bundesliga favourites, Xabi Alonso’s back three probably suits him better than the centre-back pairing Vincent Kompany is using. Tah has entered the final year of his contract and appears unwilling to sign an extension.

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Horncastle: Will Adrien Rabiot be upset he still doesn’t have a club? He’s a free agent and has gone from enigma to sure thing these past two years. Guess Madame Rabiot (his mother, Veronique, is his agent) will have to compromise on salary and signing on fee.

Harris: Las Palmas goalkeeper Alvaro Valles caught the eye with his outstanding reflexes and nerveless distribution last season — he took 791 touches outside of his penalty area in his debut La Liga campaign, which is 451 more than any other ‘keeper in the division. The 26-year-old has one year remaining on his deal but made it clear from the start of the window that he had no intention of signing a new contract but Las Palmas failed to find a suitable buyer as deadline day dawned.


The transfer that passed you by

Kay: Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang’s move to Saudi Arabia, his fourth transfer in two and a half years, is a development so predictable that I completely missed it.

Stafford-Bloor: Youssoufa Moukoko joining Nice. He and Borussia Dortmund had been bound for divorce for some time and it has long been clear that he was not developing as he should and that he was not going to get the game time to correct his career trajectory. And while plenty was written about his transfer situation, much of it without basis, it became easy to tune out the stories and focus instead on where Dortmund were headed next — to Serhou Guirassy and Max Beier, ultimately. But there he is in Nice and that feels like a good place — and league — for a personal re-boot.

Horncastle: Several of the players Chelsea have stockpiled. PSG doubling down on youth. They’ve spent €150m on Joao Neves, 19, Doue, 19, and Willian Pacho, 22. I also love a comeback story. Alexis Sanchez has returned to Udinese and James Rodriguez is in Madrid again with Rayo Vallecano.

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Harris: The Turkish Super Lig is always a treasure trove for deals like this, but I didn’t initially see Ciro Immobile’s move to Besiktas. The 34-year-old is one of just eight players to score more than 200 goals in Serie A and I’m sure he’ll continue to find the back of the net as he approaches the twilight of his career.


Ciro Immobile is now operating in Turkey (Seskim Photo/MB Media/Getty Images)

Carey: Enzo Le Fee to Roma is a lovely bit of business that I missed. The 24-year-old is something of an analytics darling, but his technical ability is something to behold and it is great to see him make the move to Serie A.


A deal you think might happen in January… 

Carey: Surely there has to be more chaos at Chelsea in the winter months? Expect to see several attacking players’ minutes limited, leading to some short-term loans in January.

Kay: I don’t know why, but I have the strangest feeling that Nottingham Forest will sign a middling international goalkeeper.

Harris: Barcelona’s Marc Bernal suffered a devastating anterior cruciate ligament tear at Rayo Vallecano on Wednesday, leaving Hansi Flick without a natural pivot at the base of midfield. I imagine that we’ll see Pedri, Marc Casado, Pablo Torre and maybe even defender Eric Garcia trialled there before Barca cut their losses and find their latest Oriol Romeu to see them through the winter.

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Will Marc Bernal’s injury impact the January window? (Diego Souto/Getty Images)

Horncastle: Picture the scene: Romelu Lukaku invites Sky UK into his apartment overlooking the Bay of Naples. Relations with Antonio Conte aren’t what they were in the past. He misses… the green fields of Cobham, the crowded Chelsea gym, the feeling he could be sent out on loan at any time. He’d like to play for Bayern Munich and Real Madrid, but at the same time, he feels like he’s still got unfinished business with Chelsea…

Stafford-Bloor: Scott McTominay. Loan. Nottingham Forest.

(Top photos: Getty Images)

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