Business
As Netflix and Paramount circle Warner Bros. Discovery, Hollywood unions voice alarm
The sale of Warner Bros. — whether in pieces to Netflix or in its entirety to Paramount — is stirring mounting worries among Hollywood union leaders about the possible fallout for their members.
Unions representing writers, directors, actors and crew workers have voiced growing concerns that further consolidation in the media industry will reduce competition, potentially causing studios to pay less for content, and make it more difficult for people to find work.
“We’ve seen this movie before, and we know how it ends,” said Michele Mulroney, president of the Writers Guild of America West. “There are lots of promises made that one plus one is going to equal three. But it’s very hard to envision how two behemoths, for example, Warner Bros. and Netflix … can keep up the level of output they currently have.”
Last week, Netflix announced it agreed to buy Warner Bros. Discovery’s film and TV studio, Burbank lot, HBO and HBO Max for $27.75 a share, or $72 billion. It also agreed to take on more than $10 billion of Warner Bros.’ debt. But Paramount, whose previous offers were rebuffed by Warner Bros., has appealed directly to shareholders with an alternative bid to buy all of the company for about $78 billion.
Paramount said it will have more than $6 billion in cuts over three years, while also saying the combined companies will release at least 30 movies a year. Netflix said it expects its deal will have $2 billion to $3 billion in cost cuts.
Those cuts are expected to trigger thousands of layoffs across Hollywood, which has already been squeezed by the flight of production overseas and a contraction in the once booming TV business.
Mulroney said that employment for WGA writers in episodic television is down as much as 40% when comparing the 2023-2024 writing season to 2022-2023.
Executives from both companies have said their deals would benefit creative talent and consumers.
But Hollywood union leaders are skeptical.
“We can hear the generalizations all day long, but it doesn’t really mean anything unless it’s on paper, and we just don’t know if these companies are even prepared to make promises in writing,” said Lindsay Dougherty, Teamsters at-large vice president and principal officer for Local 399, which represents drivers, location managers and casting directors.
Dougherty said the Teamsters have been engaged with both Netflix and Paramount, seeking commitments to keep filming in Los Angeles.
“We have a lot of members that are struggling to find work, or haven’t really worked in the last year or so,” Dougherty said.
Mulroney said her union has concerns about both bids, either by Netflix or Paramount.
“We don’t think the merger is inevitable,” Mulroney said. “We think there’s an opportunity to push back here.”
If Netflix were to buy Warner Bros.’ TV and film businesses, Mulroney said that could further undermine the theatrical business.
“It’s hard to imagine them fully embracing theatrical exhibition,” Mulroney said. “The exhibition business has been struggling to get back on its feet ever since the pandemic, so a move like this could really be existential.”
But the Writers Guild also has issues with Paramount’s bid, Mulroney said, noting that it would put Paramount-owned CBS News and CNN under the same parent company.
“We have censorship concerns,” Mulroney said. “We saw issues around [Stephen] Colbert and [Jimmy] Kimmel. We’re concerned about what the news would look like under single ownership here.”
That question was made more salient this week after President Trump, who has for years harshly criticized CNN’s hosts and news coverage, said he believes CNN should be sold.
The worries come as some unions’ major studio contracts, including the DGA, WGA and performers guild SAG-AFTRA, are set to expire next year. Two years ago, writers and actors went on a prolonged strike to push for more AI protections and better wages and benefits.
The Directors Guild of America and performers union SAG-AFTRA have voiced similar objections to the pending media consolidation.
“A deal that is in the interest of SAG-AFTRA members and all other workers in the entertainment industry must result in more creation and more production, not less,” the union said.
SAG-AFTRA National Executive Director Duncan Crabtree-Ireland said the union has been in discussions with both Paramount and Netflix.
“It is as yet unclear what path forward is going to best protect the legacy that Warner Brothers presents, and that’s something that we’re very actively investigating right now,” he said.
It’s not clear, however, how much influence the unions will have in the outcome.
“They just don’t have a seat at the ultimate decision making table,” said David Smith, a professor of economics at the Pepperdine Graziadio Business School. “I expect their primary involvement could be through creating more awareness of potential challenges with a merger and potentially more regulatory scrutiny … I think that’s what they’re attempting to do.”
Business
Helped by ‘Stranger Things’ finale, Netflix lands strong fourth quarter
Netflix reported a strong finish to its fiscal year Tuesday, with revenue climbing 18% in the fourth quarter to just over $12 billion compared with a year ago.
The streaming giant’s profits during the same period reached $2.4 billion, or 56 cents a share, up from $1.87 billion, or 43 cents a share, a year earlier, the company reported.
The results were slightly ahead of Wall Street estimates and driven by growth in the company’s advertising business, higher prices and increases in paid memberships, which surpassed the 325-million mark, Netflix said in a letter to shareholders.
Netflix said total engagement on its platform, meaning the amount of time its users spent watching content, rose 2% in the second half of the year.
The company got a big boost in the quarter from the final season of its hit series “Stranger Things,” among other popular shows, documentaries and movies, including Guillermo del Toro’s “Frankenstein” and “Wake Up Dead Man: A Knives Out Mystery.”
Netflix said “KPop Demon Hunters” broke records as its most-watched movie with 482 million views in the last half of 2025. Users wanted to sing along with “KPop Demon Hunters Lyric Videos,” which scored 32 million views.
The streamer’s top series was the second season of “Wednesday,” which pulled in 124 million views. The first season of the series also popped with 47 million more.
For the year, the Los Gatos-based company reported revenue of $45.2 billion, up 16% from 2024.
The latest earnings report follows news earlier Tuesday that Netflix modified its offer to buy Warner Bros. Discovery, making it an all-cash bid. The companies agreed on the deal, valued at $82.7 billion, in December.
The agreement between the most successful streaming platform and the storied movie studio behind “Casablanca,” Harry Potter and “Batman” has its share of supporters and detractors. Netflix shares have been on a decline since the December announcement.
“Investors will ponder whether Netflix becoming HBO faster than HBO became Netflix serves their interest,” said Emarketer senior analyst Ross Benes. “So far, markets have not responded kindly to the acquisition.”
Rival bidder Paramount has made clear it will continue its hostile takeover attempt for Warner Bros., despite some setbacks. It has given the company’s investors a Jan. 21 deadline to tender their shares. It remains to be seen whether Paramount opts to extend that deadline.
Warner Bros. has rejected Paramount’s overtures multiple times in recent months, while expressing its preference for its deal with Netflix.
The results were released after markets closed. Netflix shares ended the day at $87.05, down 1% on Tuesday.
Times staff writer Meg James contributed to this report.
Business
Netflix amends Warner Bros. deal to all cash in bidding war
Netflix has amended its proposed $72-billion purchase of Warner Bros. and HBO, converting it to an all-cash offer in hopes of defusing criticisms from rival bidder, David Ellison’s Paramount.
Netflix and Warner Bros. Discovery approved the change Monday, according to a regulatory filing. Warner board members previously had accepted Netflix’s $27.75-a-share cash-and-stock proposal for Warner’s Burbank studios and HBO streaming operations.
Paramount has complained that its $30-per-share offer for the entire company was higher, and thus, should be the winning bid. Paramount is appealing directly to Warner stockholders, asking them to sell their shares to Paramount by Wednesday.
Netflix stopped short of raising its bid above $27.75 a share, but the Los Gatos streaming giant agreed to pay the full amount in cash should it ultimately win Warner’s legendary studios behind such blockbusters as “Batman,” “The Matrix” and “The Big Bang Theory.” Netflix is not interested in Warner Bros. basic cable channels, which are scheduled to be spun off into a separate company.
Netflix said the change “simplifies the transaction structure, provides greater certainty of value for WBD stockholders, and accelerates the path to a WBD stockholder vote.”
The move was prompted, in part, because Netflix’s stock price has taken a major hit, eroding value in its proposal for Warner Bros.
The new terms neutralize one of Paramount’s primary criticisms: that the stock portion of the Netflix offer makes its bid inferior. Netflix’s shares have lost 29% since its pursuit of Warner Bros. came to light. Paramount shares have also declined about 29% over that time.
Warner Bros. Discovery board members have stuck with Netflix’s proposal — valued at $82.7-billion, including some debt — despite persistent overtures by Ellison’s Paramount.
Warner Bros.’ board “continues to support and unanimously recommend our transaction, and we are confident that it will deliver the best outcome for stockholders, consumers, creators and the broader entertainment community,” Ted Sarandos, co-CEO of Netflix, said in a statement Tuesday.
Warner Bros. Discovery said it would schedule a shareholder meeting. The vote could be held in April.
If the Netflix deal is approved, Warner shareholders would also receive stock in the new company, Discovery Global, which will be made up of Warner’s cable channels, including CNN, TBS, HGTV and Food Network. The spinoff is expected to be completed this summer, but the value of the channels is in doubt, giving Paramount ammunition to claim that its $30-a-share tender offer for the entire company was more lucrative.
Paramount, which has been pursuing the prized assets since September, has sued Warner in Delaware courts to obtain information about how Warner board members came up with a value for the cable channels.
Last week, a Delaware judge refused Paramount’s request for expedited proceedings.
On Tuesday, Warner Bros. separately addressed that Paramount criticism by outlining how it values its cable networks.
Warner Bros.’ advisors value the cable networks from as little as 72 cents a share to as much as $6.86 a share, according to the filing. Paramount has claimed those properties have no value even though cable networks account for most of Paramount’s own sales and profit.
The new company, Discovery Global, would have $17 billion of debt as of June 30, 2026. That would decrease to $16.1 billion by the end of the year. Warner and Netflix also tweaked the agreement so that Discovery Global will have $260 million less debt than initially planned as a result of stronger-than-expected cash flow last year.
The filing projects Discovery Global’s 2026 revenue would reach $16.9 billion and adjusted earnings of $5.4 billion before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
In Tuesday’s announcement, Netflix touted its “strong cash flow generation,” which it said supported the revised all-cash transaction “while preserving a healthy balance sheet and flexibility to capitalize on future strategic priorities.”
Warner Bros. Discovery board members have cited Paramount’s highly leveraged proposal as a weak point, giving it another reason to award the company to the stronger firm, Netflix.
Paramount would need to come up with more than $94 billion in equity and debt to finance the deal.
The battle for Warner Bros. is one of the biggest media deals in the last decade and is expected to reshape the entertainment industry. Netflix emerged as a surprise suitor, entering the fray after Warner Bros. put itself up for sale in October.
Netflix has turned to Wall Street banks to help finance its deal. The company now has $42.2 billion of bridge loans in place, according to a filing Tuesday, a type of facility that is usually replaced with permanent debt like corporate bonds.
Netflix is scheduled to report fourth-quarter financial results on Tuesday after markets close.
Bloomberg News contributed to this report.
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