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Arkansas Senate approves seven potential bills to regulate cryptocurrency mines • Arkansas Advocate

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Arkansas Senate approves seven potential bills to regulate cryptocurrency mines • Arkansas Advocate


The Arkansas Senate cleared the way Thursday for lawmakers to take up several potential amendments to a 2023 law that limited the state’s ability to regulate cryptocurrency mining operations.

Act 851 of 2023, or the Arkansas Data Centers Act, was introduced just over a week before the 2023 legislative session ended and passed both chambers with bipartisan support. A year later, Sen. Bryan King, R-Green Forest, is spearheading an effort to change the law.

Crypto mines are large groups of computers that harvest digital currency. They are usually located in rural areas due to the space they take up, and they require large amounts of electricity to keep the computers running and water to keep them cool.

There are currently crypto mines in DeWitt and near Greenbrier, and citizens of the Greenbrier area have filed a lawsuit over the large amount of noise from the mine.

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King and other officials have also expressed concern about foreign ownership of crypto mines and whether they pose a national security risk. King said Thursday that the government should be able to regulate a “new industry” that officials currently “don’t know much about.”

The Legislature’s fiscal session began Wednesday, and lawmakers can introduce legislation unrelated to the state budget during the session under certain conditions. They must file resolutions proposing the legislation by the end of the first day of the session, and both the House and Senate must approve the resolution with a two-thirds majority vote. This requires a minimum of 24 Senate votes and 67 House votes.

Sen. Alan Clark, R-Lonsdale, said regulating crypto mines is “maybe the most important issue of all” and should not wait until the 2025 legislative session.

“I don’t want to wait a year to hear about this subject and be able to act on it if we hear something that really needs to be acted on,” Clark said.

Seven of the eight proposed crypto resolutions passed the Senate. King sponsored six of the resolutions, including the one that did not pass.

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The following resolutions will go to the House floor Monday:

  • Senate Resolution 5, sponsored by Sen. Joshua Bryant, R-Rogers, would place noise limits on Arkansas crypto mines and prohibit them from being owned by foreign entities. It passed with 28 votes.
  • Senate Resolution 12, sponsored by King, would ban the use of computers or software manufactured by foreign entities in crypto mining in Arkansas. It passed with 26 votes.
  • Senate Resolution 13, sponsored by King, would require people who engage in crypto mining to be licensed money transmitters under the state’s Uniform Money Services Act. It passed with 27 votes.
  • Senate Resolution 14, sponsored by King, would require the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission to monitor crypto mines’ water usage and administer consequences to any mine that “threatens the critical groundwater supplies of this state through an excessive use of water.” It passed with 28 votes.
  • Senate Resolution 15, sponsored by King, would require at least six months’ advance notice before buying or leasing any land or buildings used for crypto mines. It passed with 27 votes.
  • Senate Resolution 16, sponsored by King, would allow local governments to regulate crypto mines and would prohibit ownership of the mines by the list of foreign countries from which the federal International Traffic in Arms Regulations bans imports and exports.
  • Senate Resolution 17, sponsored by Sen. Missy Irvin, R-Mountain View, would require crypto mines to be licensed by the state Department of Energy and Environment. It would also require the department to inform legislative committees of its crypto mine regulation methods. It passed with 25 votes.
The Arkansas Senate on April 11, 2024 passed a resolution by Sen. Joshua Bryant, R-Rogers, aimed at placing noise limits on Arkansas crypto mines and prohibiting them from being owned by foreign entities. (Antoinette Grajeda/Arkansas Advocate)

King also sponsored Senate Resolution 11, which fell three votes short of passing. The resolution proposed requiring cryptocurrency businesses to pay a fee to the Department of Energy and Environment for “extraordinary electrical energy usage.”

The vote on SR 11 was later expunged with a voice vote, and King said he would give “plenty of notice” if he brought the resolution back for reconsideration.

Bryant was the Senate sponsor of Act 851, and he voted against Senate Resolutions 11, 12, 13 and 16. He said in an interview that he particularly disagreed with the proposed fees in SR 11.

“I’ve talked to state and federal officials, and they’re getting a better handle on what crypto is and how to track it,” Bryant said. “A lot of the concerns that were published 10 years ago are not the concerns of today.”

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Floor debate

King said Senate Resolution 12 had a similar purpose to Act 525 of 2023, which banned the purchase of Russian and Chinese drones in Arkansas and passed both chambers with bipartisan support. Crypto mining businesses have been reported to be tied to the Chinese government.

Sen. Kim Hammer, R-Benton, asked King if SR 12 might be “a broad blanket” policy that would “make it impossible to import from China any and all technologies [or] software.”

King said he saw the proposed policy as much narrower. He also emphasized that crypto mines create very few jobs in Arkansas.

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Sen. Greg Leding of Fayetteville asks a question of Sen. Breanne Davis, lead sponsor of Senate Bill 294, which would enact the governor’s education program, during a meeting of the Senate Education Committee Wednesday morning in Little Rock. (John Sykes/Arkansas Advocate)
Sen. Greg Leding, D-Fayetteville (John Sykes/Arkansas Advocate)

Sen. Dan Sullivan, R-Jonesboro, asked if the proposed policies would set a precedent for lawmakers to “sanction or not sanction businesses based upon the number of jobs that are created or where those jobs come from.” King said he disagreed.

“These crypto mines are taking advantage of our cheap energy [and] taking advantage of our laws that were passed,” King said.

Sen. John Payton, R-Wilburn, said he had issues with the proposed bills as written in the resolutions but supported allowing the bills to be introduced because they covered a variety of issues.

“I’m voting for all of them so that the committee’s hands will not be tied and limited to just one bill title,” Payton said.

Most of the six Senate Democrats did not vote on any of the eight resolutions. Senate Minority Leader Greg Leding, D-Fayetteville, voted on none of them and said in an interview that he was surprised to be presented with so many potential bills unrelated to state budgetary matters.

“Our caucus decided that for a number of reasons, we would stay out of that discussion,” Leding said. “…I really feel that the fiscal session should be kept to fiscal matters.”

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Arkansas baseball notebook: Pitching depth catches up with Razorbacks in Kansas | Whole Hog Sports

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Kansas baseball earns chance at NCAA regional title, defeats Arkansas

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Kansas baseball earns chance at NCAA regional title, defeats Arkansas


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LAWRENCE — The mood inside Hoglund Ballpark felt tense Saturday, in the later innings of Kansas baseball’s game against Arkansas.

A highly-anticipated NCAA regional matchup was delivering in all aspects in Lawrence. At first it was Arkansas landing punches, and Kansas that had to counter. And then later it was KU that took control, leaving everyone watching to wonder if Arkansas could counter, too.

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But despite the challenges the Razorbacks presented, the Jayhawks (44-16) emerged with a 5-3 victory to secure a chance at winning the NCAA regional on Sunday at 5 p.m. (CT). In a second-straight NCAA tournament appearance, Kansas coach Dan Fitzgerald’s squad has continued to deliver for a fan base that has not lacked energy in the stadium. And while Kansas, the No. 1 seed in this four-team regional, doesn’t know yet if it’ll play No. 2 seed Arkansas or No. 4 seed Northeastern for the regional title, the confidence the Jayhawks can win it should be as high as ever.

“Another awesome game, awesome college baseball game against a great Arkansas team,” Fitzgerald said. “Unbelievable environment. It’s such an incredible experience to look at it in the micro-level, but then also think about it from 30,000 feet of where we’ve come in four years. The crowd today, I mean, our crowd was absolutely incredible and super proud of these guys. I thought they competed at a super high level and they were poised and they were prepared and, yeah, they just — they loved the moment and that was really fun. Proud of these guys.”

Kansas, which is 2-0 in this regional with wins against Arkansas and Northeastern, saw multiple heroes emerge during this victory against Arkansas. On the mound sophomore Riane Ritter and redshirt junior Boede Rahe were both impressive out of the bullpen, after the Razorbacks started to put some pressure on sophomore Mason Cook. KU junior Tyson LeBlanc had three RBI, including a two-run home run, and junior Augusto Mungarrieta had a solo home run himself.

There’s a level of pressure that Kansas is facing, that it hasn’t yet during a rebuild in Lawrence that Fitzgerald started ahead of the 2023 season. After winning the Big 12 Conference regular season and tournament titles this year, the Jayhawks are continuing to raise the bar for what’s possible at KU. And so far, they haven’t fallen short of heightened expectations.

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On Sunday, Kansas will have the chance to win a NCAA regional. Maybe the heroes this time will be junior Mathis Nayral and junior Brady Ballinger, or another member of a team that’s enjoyed the success it’s had this season because of its depth. Regardless, KU will step onto the field knowing it has a chance to make an already special season even that more extraordinary.

Jordan Guskey covers University of Kansas Athletics at The Topeka Capital-Journal. He was the 2022 National Sports Media Association’s sportswriter of the year for the state of Kansas. Contact him at jmguskey@gannett.com or on Twitter at @JordanGuskey.



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Arkansas’ best downtown | Northwest Arkansas Democrat-Gazette

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Arkansas’ best downtown | Northwest Arkansas Democrat-Gazette


I love baseball, so it’s safe to assume that I smile whenever I see a ballpark being built. I’m also an advocate of downtown revitalization, so it’s especially pleasing to see a downtown ballpark.

The Town House, once a favorite of mine for plate lunches, is gone in downtown El Dorado. But construction of the baseball stadium is coming along. South Arkansas College, El Dorado’s two-year college, didn’t create its baseball program until 2021. By 2023, the team was playing in the national junior college World Series and attracting players from throughout this rural region of south Arkansas, north Louisiana and east Texas.

Bill Howard Ballpark, at the corner of West Hillsboro Street and South West Avenue, will house the college team once it’s completed later this year. It also will host various tournaments and exhibitions. The city contributed almost $6 million from its economic development tax funds, and Murphy Oil Corp. made a $10 million donation.

The stadium will have synthetic turf, a 30-foot wall in left field, a right-field video board, and a hospitality suite. The facility is being built near the college’s Howard Residence Hall. The Murphy Oil gift is also being used for the school’s first residence hall.

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“The college needs to grow,” says Stephanie Tully-Dartez, South Arkansas College president. “Having intercollegiate athletics on our campus has brought new energy and new students. It makes sense to add to our existing athletic facilities as we add to our academic offerings.”

Howard Residence Hall initially will house about 100 students with space for expansion. Tully-Dartez says that area of downtown needs to be beautified to complement what has already been done at the nearby main campus, Murphy Arts District and town square.

“These improvements will help beautify the area and ultimately bring more college students to El Dorado,” she says. “Those students may eventually decide to stay here, accept jobs, have families and contribute to the overall health of the economy.”

Heath Waldrop writes for El Dorado Insider: “The idea behind student housing is to allow for continued enrollment growth by making it more convenient and by offering the kind of college experience students are looking for. At South Arkansas College, the aim is to provide student housing that’s safe and affordable in an atmosphere that’s exciting and beneficial.”

The residence hall will be a two-story building with two students per room, private bathrooms, laundry facilities and common areas.

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What’s now South Arkansas College opened in 1992 after then-Gov. Bill Clinton signed legislation merging the El Dorado branch of Southern Arkansas University with Oil Belt Technical College. Oil Belt opened just east of El Dorado in 1967 as Oil Belt Vocational-Technical School. That campus is now home to the South Arkansas College Career Accelerator and the school’s Advanced Manufacturing Training Center.

The training center covers more than 14,000 square feet, including a 4,500-square-foot covered bay. It’s utilized for both credit and noncredit programs with training spaces for welding, process technology, industrial technology, industrial safety, and rail-car and tanker loading.

SAU’s El Dorado branch opened in 1975 as an extension of what was Southern State College in Magnolia. The main El Dorado campus has been used for educational purposes since 1858. A high school building was constructed there in 1905. It was the home of El Dorado Junior College from 1928-42. An adjacent gymnasium was constructed in 1940 by the federal Works Progress Administration.

Tully-Dartez, who grew up in South Carolina, became South Arkansas College’s director of institutional research and effectiveness in 2009. She was vice president for academic affairs from 2021-24, and became the college’s sixth president on July 1, 2024.

As noted in the cover story of today’s Perspective section, El Dorado is different from an average Arkansas city of fewer than 20,000 residents. Even though its population fell from 25,270 in the 1980 census to 17,756 in the 2020 census (the same kind of population losses are occurring across the entire south half of the state), business and civic leaders have worked hard to maintain one of the finest downtowns in the South.

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In May 2020, Murphy Oil decided to move its headquarters to Houston. Company officials cited the pandemic, low crude oil prices, and the fact that the oil and gas industry had consolidated operations in Houston. Arkansans took to social media to declare the end of El Dorado. What they didn’t realize is that the big employer in El Dorado is corporate spinoff Murphy USA with between 600 and 700 employees. Murphy USA wasn’t going anywhere.

While the loss of about 80 Murphy Oil employees hurt, it wasn’t catastrophic. It did, however, leave a major downtown building empty. The Murphy Oil headquarters was completed in 2015. The five-story building features a four-story atrium, a 170-seat video conference center, exhibit gallery space, and a data center. It didn’t stay empty for long.

In 2022, First Financial Bank of El Dorado announced it had purchased the structure. First Financial was founded in 1934. It operates loan production offices across the country and is known for specialty lending divisions focused on mortgages, poultry, pharmacy, veterinarians, and farm and ranch operations.

In October 2024, the First Financial board appointed Sean Williams to succeed Chris Hegi as chief executive officer. Williams joined First Financial in late 2019 when it acquired First National Bank of Wynne, where he served as CEO. He has been instrumental in the growth of First Financial’s retail and agricultural markets while also leading the bank’s technological advancements.

Williams greets me in the lobby of the headquarters building. He’s like a boy showing off Christmas gifts as we walk through the 87,000-square-foot structure. There are 16 conference rooms. About 125 people work in the building.

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“We have a lot of specialty teams, and this building allows us to put the right people together,” Williams says. “We’re among the leading lenders in the country to the poultry industry, for example. Those folks need to be together. There’s a farm and ranch division, a pet division and a team that serves pharmacies. We have loans in all 50 states.

“The purchase of this building represented a commitment to El Dorado and to the future of our bank. We plan to grow as a bank, and we want El Dorado to grow. I’m from McCrory in east Arkansas. I had never even visited El Dorado until I was an adult. It didn’t take me long to realize that there are great people here.

“The amenities El Dorado offers makes it easy for us to recruit people to work for the bank. And it would be safe to say the purchase of this building was a game changer from a recruiting standpoint.”

First Financial previously had its headquarters in one of the state’s most historic buildings, the nine-story Lion Oil building. Built in 1926-27 during the oil boom, the structure was designed to send a message to the rest of the country that El Dorado had arrived as a place to do business. It was designed by the Little Rock architectural firm Mann & Stern in an eclectic mix of Venetian-inspired styles. The building, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986, also housed Exchange Bank at one time.

First Financial purchased the building in 1997. The company made extensive renovations, including a 2017 expansion of the retail bank branch. Bank officials felt it was important not to leave an iconic structure empty. They found a buyer in Diversified Construction & Design. Diversified, which was founded in 2015, is a full-service general contractor and regional provider of industrial, commercial and residential services. It has architectural, civil, equipment and mechanical divisions.

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Rex Nelson is a senior editor at the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.



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